Psychology Ch. 1 test

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________.

philosophy

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n)

proposed explanation

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

social psychology

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first.

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

The operant conditioning chamber id a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning

Skinner

Which should be changed to make the following statement true? Jean Piagent is famous for his theories regarding changes in emotional ability that occur as we move from infancy to adulthood.

"Emotional" should be changed to "cognitive"

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy?

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.

Which of the following is not a part of feminism psychology?

Favoring women over men

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

Humanism

In looking at the area of multicultural psychology, what is a recognized deficit of this particular area of study?

It ignores the relative importance of White psychologists to the larger field

Which famous female psychologist completed all of the requirements for the Ph.D., including passing exams and completing a dissertation, and all of her Harvard professors had recommended her for the degree, yet solely due to her sex, she was denied the honor of a conferred degree.

Mary Whiton Calkins

Dr. Singh has just completed her PhD program and is now applying for a year-long program at a nationally-recognized hospital. If accepted, she will greatly advance her knowledge of behavioral neuroscience. Dr. Singh is applying for a _____ training program.

Postdoctoral

Functionalist psychologist focus on the function of behavior and ____.

The operation of individual parts of the mind

Which of the following is a reason that Gestalt psychology did not become more popular in the United States?

The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology.

What do structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud all have in common?

They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience.

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area if health psychology?

Whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

biopsychologist

Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed?

critical thinking, use of the scientific method, and critical evaluation of sources of information

Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ____ psychology.

developmental

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists?

examination of anatomy and physiology

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

forensic

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ____ psychology.

industrial/organizational

According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to ________.

study the function of behavior

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding ____.

the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems.

unconditional positive regard