Psychology Ch.1: Psychological Foundations
Superego
a persons conscience and voice of reason and goodness is the...
which saying best fits gestalt psychology?
"the whole is other than the sum of its parts"-koffka
behaviorism
A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior- Vashna's parents give her an allowance everyday that her bed is made and her room is picked up. Her parents are utilizing principles from which school of psychology
seemingly innocent slips of the tongue
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following is a way to access the unconscious mind?
Sigmund Freud
Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.: pioneered psychologist which used introspection, not objective measures, to uncover repressed thoughts or early childhood memories.
cognitive
Dealing with how we know the world around us through our senses; mental: Zoe is planning to apply to graduate schools next semester, but ints sure which field of psychology she likes the best. She enjoyed learning about leaning, children and language, but is most of all interested in the way people approach and solve problems. Which field of psychology would you recommend she study.
Which of the following statements most closely aligns with humanism?
Each person is inherently good and motivation to be a healthy functioning individual
personality
Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measures these traits, and determine how these traits, and determine how these traits interact in particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of...
Which school of psychology was more likely to focus on the operation of the entire mind instead of specific parts?
Functionalism
Stephan had a terrible work experience when cooking at a local diner while in high school. That experience led him to want to study business management and best practices in improving the workplace environment . he should consider studying...
I/O psychology
classical conditioning; operant conditioning
Pavlov is to ________ as Skinner is to ________.
which type of psychology degree focuses more on the critical practice and less on research ?
PsyD
Hypothesis
Ryan notices that a lot of ppl he sees avoid making eye contact while they walk by him on their cell phones. He develops a tentative explanation that people are too focused on their conversation to be distracted by an outside passerby. Ryans observation is an example of what?
critical thinking skills
The ability to use intellectually disciplined process to actively and skillfully conceptualize, apply, analyze, synthesize, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.
clinical psychology
The branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders.
Gestalt psychologists
Two ppl may look at the identical image but perceive different things. This phenomenon is studied by...
behaviorism is when Watson did the experiment on the young boy
Whenever he saw something white and fluffy he would make a loud bang
acknowledges the existence of internal mental states
While behaviorism focused on only observable behavior, cognitive psychology
Ryan wants to be a high school football coach and school counselor. He will need at least a _______ degree in counseling psychology
a master's degree
Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ______ and early childhood experiences
a persos unconscious
Cognitive Revolution
a shift in psychology from the behaviorist's stimulus-response relationships to an approach whose main thrust was to understand the operation of the mind
The cognitive revolution turned the emphasis in psychology away from the behavioral focus on only observable behavior to instead
acknowledges the existence of internal mental states
forensic psychologist
applies psychological concepts to legal issues: type that would most likely be asked to serve as an expert witness during a court case.
clinical psychology
ashy wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior, what area of psychology should she work in?
which questions would a bio psychologist most likely address when studying schizophrenia ?
ask
What are the main psychological domains?
biological, cognitive, developmental, social, and personality, mental and physical health
cross-cultural psychology
branch of psychology that studies the effects of culture on behavior and mental processes
which psychological domain would include a study of memory and intelligence?
cognitive
According to the text, psychology students are most likely to benefit from exposure too..
critical thinking and the scientific method
Wilhelm Wundt
father of psychology
John Watson
founder of behaviorism
William James
founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment: the researcher that was most likely to use recording devises and objective measures to examine the mind.
social psychology
how ppl thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by the actual imagined or implied presence of others
Neuroscience
how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences. include in the biological domain of psychology
which factors influence health, according to the biopsychosocial model?
interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
Behaviorists study
learned behavior
develop critical thinking skills he uses as an accountant
marquis began his undergraduate degree as a psychology major and took five classes before deciding to switch to accounting and always says that he is grateful for his initial study of psychology bc it helped him to better understand ppl and behavior and general, but also bc it helped him.
typically, an adjunct psychology professor will have a ..
masters degree in psychology
forensic psychologist
most likely to be asked to serve as an expert witness during and court case
Which of the following are majors areas of interest in cognitive psychology?
perception and language
Humanism
perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans
According to the biopsychosocial model, what determines health?
primarily biology, individual psychology and social factors are sometimes relevent
What is Abraham Maslow best known for?
proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
developmental
psychological domain would include a study of learning and conditioning
Gestalt
psychologist kurt koffka is known for saying, " the whole is other than the sun of its parts"
sport psychologists
psychologists who apply psychology to understanding and improving athletic performance
which os the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is the consistently supported by evidence over time?
scientific theory
evolutionary psychology
seeks to study the ultimate biological causes of a behavior: focuses on the patterns of behavior that have developed and changed over time
Cognitive Criticisms
stages not accurate, individuality underemphasized
I/O Psychologists
study the relationship between people and their working environments
cognitive psychology mainly focuses on
studying thoughts and their relationships to out experiences and actions
which of the following defines hypothesis?
tentative explanation
the mind and behavior
the most accurate definition of psychology is the scientific study of....
ego
the rational and reasonable part of personality is know as the...
social psychology
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
developmental psychology
the study of cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan
evolutionary psychology
the study of the impact of natural selection and genetics upon behavior.
psychodynamic school of psychology
the unconscious and early childhood experience are emphasized by the...
The psychodynamic school of psychology emphasizes
the unconscious and early childhood experiences
Id
the unconscious portion of personality that contains basic impulses and urges (drives like sex and aggression )
cognitive psychology focuses on
thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and actions