Psychology Ch.1: Psychological Foundations

Superego

a persons conscience and voice of reason and goodness is the...

which saying best fits gestalt psychology?

"the whole is other than the sum of its parts"-koffka

behaviorism

A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior- Vashna's parents give her an allowance everyday that her bed is made and her room is picked up. Her parents are utilizing principles from which school of psychology

seemingly innocent slips of the tongue

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following is a way to access the unconscious mind?

Sigmund Freud

Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.: pioneered psychologist which used introspection, not objective measures, to uncover repressed thoughts or early childhood memories.

cognitive

Dealing with how we know the world around us through our senses; mental: Zoe is planning to apply to graduate schools next semester, but ints sure which field of psychology she likes the best. She enjoyed learning about leaning, children and language, but is most of all interested in the way people approach and solve problems. Which field of psychology would you recommend she study.

Which of the following statements most closely aligns with humanism?

Each person is inherently good and motivation to be a healthy functioning individual

personality

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measures these traits, and determine how these traits, and determine how these traits interact in particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of...

Which school of psychology was more likely to focus on the operation of the entire mind instead of specific parts?

Functionalism

Stephan had a terrible work experience when cooking at a local diner while in high school. That experience led him to want to study business management and best practices in improving the workplace environment . he should consider studying...

I/O psychology

classical conditioning; operant conditioning

Pavlov is to ________ as Skinner is to ________.

which type of psychology degree focuses more on the critical practice and less on research ?

PsyD

Hypothesis

Ryan notices that a lot of ppl he sees avoid making eye contact while they walk by him on their cell phones. He develops a tentative explanation that people are too focused on their conversation to be distracted by an outside passerby. Ryans observation is an example of what?

critical thinking skills

The ability to use intellectually disciplined process to actively and skillfully conceptualize, apply, analyze, synthesize, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.

clinical psychology

The branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders.

Gestalt psychologists

Two ppl may look at the identical image but perceive different things. This phenomenon is studied by...

behaviorism is when Watson did the experiment on the young boy

Whenever he saw something white and fluffy he would make a loud bang

acknowledges the existence of internal mental states

While behaviorism focused on only observable behavior, cognitive psychology

Ryan wants to be a high school football coach and school counselor. He will need at least a _______ degree in counseling psychology

a master's degree

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ______ and early childhood experiences

a persos unconscious

Cognitive Revolution

a shift in psychology from the behaviorist's stimulus-response relationships to an approach whose main thrust was to understand the operation of the mind

The cognitive revolution turned the emphasis in psychology away from the behavioral focus on only observable behavior to instead

acknowledges the existence of internal mental states

forensic psychologist

applies psychological concepts to legal issues: type that would most likely be asked to serve as an expert witness during a court case.

clinical psychology

ashy wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior, what area of psychology should she work in?

which questions would a bio psychologist most likely address when studying schizophrenia ?

ask

What are the main psychological domains?

biological, cognitive, developmental, social, and personality, mental and physical health

cross-cultural psychology

branch of psychology that studies the effects of culture on behavior and mental processes

which psychological domain would include a study of memory and intelligence?

cognitive

According to the text, psychology students are most likely to benefit from exposure too..

critical thinking and the scientific method

Wilhelm Wundt

father of psychology

John Watson

founder of behaviorism

William James

founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment: the researcher that was most likely to use recording devises and objective measures to examine the mind.

social psychology

how ppl thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by the actual imagined or implied presence of others

Neuroscience

how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences. include in the biological domain of psychology

which factors influence health, according to the biopsychosocial model?

interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors

Behaviorists study

learned behavior

develop critical thinking skills he uses as an accountant

marquis began his undergraduate degree as a psychology major and took five classes before deciding to switch to accounting and always says that he is grateful for his initial study of psychology bc it helped him to better understand ppl and behavior and general, but also bc it helped him.

typically, an adjunct psychology professor will have a ..

masters degree in psychology

forensic psychologist

most likely to be asked to serve as an expert witness during and court case

Which of the following are majors areas of interest in cognitive psychology?

perception and language

Humanism

perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

According to the biopsychosocial model, what determines health?

primarily biology, individual psychology and social factors are sometimes relevent

What is Abraham Maslow best known for?

proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

developmental

psychological domain would include a study of learning and conditioning

Gestalt

psychologist kurt koffka is known for saying, " the whole is other than the sun of its parts"

sport psychologists

psychologists who apply psychology to understanding and improving athletic performance

which os the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is the consistently supported by evidence over time?

scientific theory

evolutionary psychology

seeks to study the ultimate biological causes of a behavior: focuses on the patterns of behavior that have developed and changed over time

Cognitive Criticisms

stages not accurate, individuality underemphasized

I/O Psychologists

study the relationship between people and their working environments

cognitive psychology mainly focuses on

studying thoughts and their relationships to out experiences and actions

which of the following defines hypothesis?

tentative explanation

the mind and behavior

the most accurate definition of psychology is the scientific study of....

ego

the rational and reasonable part of personality is know as the...

social psychology

the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

developmental psychology

the study of cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan

evolutionary psychology

the study of the impact of natural selection and genetics upon behavior.

psychodynamic school of psychology

the unconscious and early childhood experience are emphasized by the...

The psychodynamic school of psychology emphasizes

the unconscious and early childhood experiences

Id

the unconscious portion of personality that contains basic impulses and urges (drives like sex and aggression )

cognitive psychology focuses on

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and actions