Psychology; Chapter 1

The psychology that studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.

Developmental

an early approach to psychology that focused on what the mind does and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments

Functionalism

"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" applies to what branch of psychology

Gestalt

This psychology studied how people consider individual elements together as units or wholes

Gestalt

An approach to psychology that focuses on the organization of perception and thinking in a whole sense rather than on the individual elements or perception

Gestalt psychology

This subfield of psychology is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.

Social Psychology

Focuses on uncovering the fundamental mental components of consciousness, thinking, and other kinds of mental states and activities

Structuralism

Wundt's approach

Structuralism

determinism

The idea that people's behavior is produced primarily by factors outside of their willful control

Talking on a cell phone impairs people's driving about as much as if they were -----

legally drunk

the approach based on the view that behavior is motivated by unconscious inner forces over which the individual has little control

psychodynamic perspective

Dr. Heeza has a PhD in psychology. He specializes in treating people with psychological disorders using....

psychotherapy only

The rapidly growing area of psychology that seeks to understand how we might inherit certain behavioral traits and how environment influences whether we actually display such traits is...

Behavioral Genetics

This psychology seeks to understand how we might inherit certain behavior traits and how the environment influences whether we actually display such traits

Behavioral Genetics

The subfield of psychology that mainly examines how the brain, nervous system, and the other biological processes determine behavior

Behavioral Neuroscience

This explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments to disease.

Clinical Neuropsychology

This person focuses on higher mental processes such as thinking, reasoning, problem solving, and decision making. What type of psychologist is this person?

Cognitive

This psychology considers how behavior is influenced b our genetic inheritance of our ancestors

Evolutionary

The subfield of psychology that studies the process of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world

Experimental

An early approach to psychology that concentrated on what the mind does, the functions of mental activity, and the role of behavior allowing people to adapt to their environments

Functionalism

A procedure used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when exposed to stimulus.

Introspection

psychologists use the scientific method to find answers that are far more valid than those resulting from -and-.

Intuition and speculation

Was one of the first psychologists to focus on child development and on women's issues

Leta Hollingsworth

---- was the first woman to recieve a doctorate in psychology and did important work on animal behavior

Margaret Floy Washburn

----- studied memory in the early 20th century and became the first female president of the American Psychological Association

Mary Calkins

This branch of psychology focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and traits that differentiate one person from another.

Personality

This is a research degree that requires a dissertation based on original investigations

PhD

This was a popular practice in the 18th century where it was thought that everything could be told about a person from the shape and number of bumps on the skull

Phrenology

This is obtained by psychologists who wish to focus on the treatment of psychological disorders

PsyD

What degree is obtained by psychologists who wish to focus on treatment of psychological disorders?

PsyD

Physicians who specialize in the treatment of psychological disorders

Psychiatrists

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Psychology

Chipping a hole in a patient's skull to allow evil spirits to escape from the person's body is

Trephining

The formal beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline is generally considered to have occurred, when?

When Wihelm Wundt established the first experimental laboratory devoted to psychological phenomena

Psychology is the scientific study of - and -

behavior, mental processes

Much of our understanding of how people learn new behaviors is based on the ----- perspective.

behavioral

the approach that suggests that observable, measurable behavior should be the focus of study

behavioral perspective

The approach that focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world

cognitive perspective

Psychologists try to -,-,and -

describe, predict, explain

Seven thousand years ago, people assumed that psychological problems were caused by

evil spirits

The idea that behavior is caused primarily by choices that are made freely by the individual

free will

A humanistic psychologist is most likely to take an extreme rather than a combination position on what psycho issue?

free will vs. determinism

Dr Gator is trying to discover how fear prepares subjects to deal with unexpected loud noises in a dark room in which they are sitting. This makes Dr. Gator a ----

functionalist

The approach that suggests that all individuals naturally strive to grow, develop, and be in control of their lives and behavior

humanistic perspective

what are two things psychologists consider eyewitness testimonies to be

inaccurate, biased

A procedure in which people were presented with a stimulus and asked to describe, in as much detail as possible, what they were experiancing

introspection

The ---- perspective considers how heredity may influence behavior and how the brain and the nervous system affect behavior

neuroscience

The approach that views behavior from the perspective of the brain, nervous system, and other biological functions

neuroscience perspective

Dr. Wantsta studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others making her a ---- psychologist.

social

The most common areas of employment for psychology majors are in the ...

social sciences

Wundt's perspective

structuralism

Most psychologists today are found in-----

the United States

Today the vast majority of psychologists in the United States are - and -.

white, female