PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 16: Therapy and Treatment

13. Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

A. active listening

10. Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

D. overgeneralization

1. Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

D. psychodynamic psychotherapy

17. Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

A. Adderall

8. What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

A. Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle- class Americans.

24. Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

C. involuntary

12. Grace is talking with her wife, Myanna. Myanna starts crying, and Grace immediately assumes that Myanna wants a divorce. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

C. jumping to conclusions

4. Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

C. play therapy

5. Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

D. humanistic therapy

15. The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

D. stimulants

6. On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

D. systematic desensitization

14. Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

D. unconditional positive regard

11. Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

A. all-or-nothing thinking

21. The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.

A. cognitive-behavioral therapy

7. According to research, how does the public view children and teens with mental health disorders?

B. Over 1,300 U.S. adults believe children with depression are prone to violence.

16. Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

B. antidepressants

2. Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

B. behavior therapy

23. Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

B. free association

9. For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?

B. stimulus hierarchy

19. Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

C. It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem.

20. A school counselor leads a support group for children whose parents have AIDS. The counselor focuses on defining AIDS, discussing treatment and side effects of treatment, and how the children can develop coping mechanisms. This exemplifies ________.

C. psycho-educational treatment

18. Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

D. severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

22. Lana is late for dinner with her parents. They don't care, but she thinks this is a catastrophe—an inaccurate view of the situation that leads her to feel bad about herself. In this example, what represents the cognitive distortion?

C. Lana thinking that being late for dinner is a catastrophe

3. In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

C. cognitive-behavioral therapy