Psychology - Conditioning & oberservational learning

Which is an example of observational learning? Janice saw her older sister get into trouble for breaking curfew and decided she'll never do the same. Jacques is tempted to experiment with drugs because he is having problems at home, but then decides not to. Colleen noticed her friends tease the class loner but she doesn't participate because she doesn't care. Tyson drinks cola and eats candy bars because he likes the taste of sugary food.

Janice saw her older sister get into trouble for breaking curfew and decided she'll never do the same.

vicarious

learning through the experience of others, not having done it

Brandon gets headaches frequently but knows a cold cloth on his head makes him feel better. Brandon continues to place a cold cloth on his head each time he gets a headache because it makes the pain go away faster. This is an example of _____. negative reinforcement negative punishment positive reinforcement chaining

negative reinforcement

Raquel notices that her best friend can juggle really well and desires to learn the trick. She notices that all you have to do is throw balls up in the air and catch them. However, Raquel noticed that when she tried juggling, she couldn't catch the balls. Did Raquel successfully model her friend's juggling? Yes, because she observed her friend and remembered to throw upward. No, because she was not able to repeat the juggling. Yes, because she was motivated to try very hard. No, because she obviously didn't pay enough attention.

No, because she was not able to repeat the juggling.

punishment

event that creates likelihood that a behavior will be stopped

positive reinforcement

increases behavior by giving you something

negative reinforcement

increases behavior by taking something away

modeling

patterning your behavior after someone else

Classical conditioning requires _____. the pairing of two stimuli chaining small actions to make one big action a dog and a bell none of the options

the pairing of two stimuli

Negative punishment:

the person is likely to stop doing something because something could be taken away

The purpose of Bandura's Bobo Doll Experiment is to demonstrate that children _____. get mad when they are taken away from their toys are not influenced by other people's behavior when engaged in play will most likely model an adult's aggressive actions have no preference regarding which toys they play with

will most likely model an adult's aggressive actions

What is a benefit of observational learning? You can learn from someone else's mistakes without having to do the same action yourself. Watching others can motivate you to try the same actions. You can quit a bad habit by seeing someone else not do the very thing you do. all of the above

all of the above

What is a practical use of classical conditioning? People on diets can learn to recognize when they have already paired their hunger signals with the sight of a restaurant. People can train their dogs with good behavior. People can housetrain an animal. All are examples of uses for classical conditioning.

All are examples of uses for classical conditioning.

Jakob loves to run because he feels so fantastic afterward. In fact, whenever he wants a runner's high—that feeling of elation after a lengthy run—he has learned to go for eight laps around the high school track. Jakob keeps this habit up for years because he likes the outcome he gets each time. What does this demonstrate? Jakob has good stamina and endurance. Jakob is operantly conditioned. Jakob opens himself up to punishment. none of the above

Jakob is operantly conditioned.

operational conditioning

repeating behaviors based on outcome

The example of learning to write shows that with a little help, most people can have their behavior_____.

shaped

Punishment makes:

the person likely to stop doing the activity

_____ involves the likelihood of increasing behavior. Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Negative punishment both A and B

both A and B

Jackson is an aggressive little kid, and his mom wants him to stop banging his trucks against the furniture. Mother tells Jackson that if he doesn't stop banging the trucks, he'll lose his play time immediately. What is this an example of?

Negative reinforcment

shaping

giving reinforcement to the smaller behaviors that eventually make up the new behavior

reinforcement

an event that encourages behavior to happen again

stimulus

anything that causes a response

observational learning

learning by observing others

classical conditioning

learning new associations by pairing two stimuli