Psychology Exam 2 Review

Multitasking is an example of _________ attention.

Divided

The ability to make predictions about hypothetical events is a key component of the ________ operational stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Formal

An individual's adjustment to his or her schemas to include new information is called.

Accommodation

In the context of Murray's personological approach, the need for ___________ refers to an enduring concern for establishing and maintaining interpersonal connections.

Affiliation

In ___________ attachment, an infant responds with rage when its mother returns to see it again.

Anxious

According to Jung's analytic theory emotionally laden ideas and images that have rich and symbolic meaning for all people are know as _______________.

Archetypes

The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as _____________.

Confirmation

____________ memory is the conscious recollection of information, such as specific facts or events and, at least in humans, information that can be verbally communicated.

Declarative

The term __________ treadmill captures the idea that any aspect of life that enhances our positive feelings is likely to do so for only a short period of time.

Hedonic

______________ is the body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or a steady state or balance.

Homeostasis

In humans, high levels of leptin have been linked with weight ______.

Loss

_________ is defined as the retention of information or experience over time as a result of three key processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Memory

Object ___________ is Piaget's term for the crucial accomplishment of understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot directly be seen, heard, or touched.

Permanence

According to Baddeley, the ___________ loop is specialized to briefly store speech-based information about the sounds of language.

Phonological

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, an individual in the ______________ level of moral development recognizes alternative moral courses, explores the options, and then develops an increasingly personal moral code.

Post-conventional

___________ interference refers to a situation in which material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of material that was learned later.

Proactive

______________ perspectives on personality emphasizes that personality is primarily unconscious.

Psychodynamic

The ________________ heuristic refers to the tendency to make judgements about group membership based on physical appearances or one's stereotype of a group rather than available base rate information.

Representativeness

_____________ appraisal involves evaluating one's resources when dealing with a situation.

Secondary

_____________ memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow individuals to hold information temporarily as they perform cognitive tasks.

Working