Psychology of Human Development II Exam #3 Quiz Questions
The young-old are people who are between ____________________ years of age
65-84
Alex is 70 years old. Which of the following areas of his body will be less sensitive to touch?
ankles
A cross-sectional study by ursula staudinger found that for adults from 35 to 54 years of age, ____________ became most important in terms of personal investment
family
A cross-sectional study by ursula staudinger found that for adults from 55 to 65 years of age, ____________ became most important in terms of personal investment
family
Which livign arrangment is the most common for older adults?
living with a family member
Which of following factors is most likely to predict high status for older adults in a culture?
older individuals control key family/communicty resources
According to socioemotional selectivity theory, when time is perceived as __________________, as it is when indiviuals are younger, people are more strongly motivated to pursue informaiton, even at the cost of emotional satisfaction
open-ended
Maria is 80 years old. She is considered _____.
young/old
According to evoluntionary theory,which of the following is reason Alzheimers disease has not been eliminated by evolution?
It does not appear until late middle adulthood or late adulthood
Which of the following is true of executive function?
It involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exervise self-control
according to socioemotional selectivity theory, the trajectory of motivation for knowledge-related goals peaks in
adolescences and early adulthood
Which of the following can be attributed to giving Americvans the option to retire ?
establishment of the Social security systme in 1935
A ________________________ plans and develops services and educational programs that addresss patterns fo hyman develpment related to aging
gerontologist
Jake has been diagnosed with a condition characterized by damage to the optic nerve due to a buildup of fluid in the eye. Jake is suffering from ?
glaucoma
Which of the following is a major disease that can impair the vision of older adults?
glaucoma
In which of the part of the color spectrum is the loss of color vision most likely to occur?
green-blue-violet
which of the following is TRUE of the usage of Internet among older adults?
increasing numbers of older adults use e-mail to communicate with relatives
According to Eriksons, the __________ stage of developement involves reflecting on the past and either pieching together a postive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent
integrity versus despair
According to socioemotional selectivity theory, which of the following is TRUE of the trajectory of motivation for knowledge-related goals?
it declines during middle and late adulthood
In the study by Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer (1977), which of the following was found to be the result of older adults having percieved control their own lives
it was found to increase longevity
Acccording to research by Balts and his colleagues, the time frame of ________________________ is the main age window for wisdom to emerge
late adulthood and early adulthood
Which of the following is a reason for the longevity of persons living in Okinawa?
leading a low stress lifestyle
Allen can be described as an average American. He is currently 65 years old. He is likely to live 18.4 more years. Hence, it can be said that Allen has a ________ of 83.4 years.
life expectancy
Which of the followign is prominent in Erikson's final stage of integrity versus despair?
life review
According to a study by Domenech-Abella and others, which of the following is linked to increased risk of earlier death in older adults?
low socioeconomic status
Which of the following is called the "common cold" of mental disorders
major depression
life review
might result in increased meaning in life and mastery but it also might revive bitterness and negative thoughts
Which of the following is a biological theory explaining aging?
mitochondria theory
A study revealed that hearing loos was assoicated with a reduction in cognitive function in
older adults
In a classic study, Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer found that an important factor related to health, and even survival, in a nursing home is:
patient's feelings of control and self-determination
Identify the region of the human brain in which neurogenesis has been documented in adults
perfrontal cortex
According to Paul Baltes and his colleagues, which of the following is effective optimization strategy?
perserve and keep trying until you reach your goal
Which of the following is linked to more rapid onset of hearing difficulties in older adults?
poor nutrition and a lifetime of smoking
Which of the following is one of the findings from the Nun Study
positive emotions early in adulthood were linked to longevity
The________________ is involved in memory
prefrontal cortex
Clayton is a psychologist who runs a counseling center for older adults. In his center, the clients meet every week and form groups in which each individual narrates his or her past activities and events. Clayton encourages the members of the groups to share old photographs related to their life events and tell anecdotes about their experiences. This scenario illustrates the use of _____ therapy.
reminiscence
Ramya is an 80-year-old woman who suffers from dementia. She attends therapy sessions in which the clinician uses photographs and video recordings to encourage discussions about Ramya's past activities and experiences. The therapy sessions help reduce Ramya's depressive symptoms and improve her self-acceptance. Based on this information, it can be inferred that the clinician uses _____ therapy.
reminiscence
According to evolutionary theory, natural selection is linked to _________________, whcih is present in the earlier part of adulthood
reproductive fitness
___________________ care refers to sevives that provide temporary relief for those who are caring for individuals with disabilities, individuals with illness, or the elderly
respite
Selective optimization with compensation theory proposes that successful aging is related to three main factors. Which of these factors is based on the concept that older adults have a blank and loss of functioning, which requires a reduction in performance in most life domains:?
selection
The late Arthur Rubinstein, during his old age, maintained his status as an admired pianist by a few simple strategies. One of those was reducing the scope of his performances and playing fewer pieces. Which aspect of Balta's theory does this reflect?
selection
The term _______________ referes to the ability to focus on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others that are irrelevant
selective attention
Helen's knowledge of calculus and statistics is a part of her _____ memory.
semantic
Chapter 17
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 18
Haruto is a 103-year-old centenarian living in Okinawa, Japan. He leads a healthy life. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to his longevity?
Haruto engages in spiritual practice.
Which of the following is true of socioemotional selctivity theory?
It challenges the steriotype that the majority of older dults are in emotional despair vecause of their social isolation
What is the main difference between the way younger people and older people respong to stress?
The process of aging increases the pituitary gland's response to stress, making it work harder.
Kevien is 60 years old. What should he do to delay the onset of physical disability?
He should walk regulary
Which of the follwoing observations about the connectionbetween weight and morality is true?
Women who were 20 or more pounds underweight lived longer
Aaron is a healthy, 65-year-old man. Compared with his 24-year-old son Harry, Aaron has much less brain volume. Which of the following is most likely the reason for this difference?
aaron is experiency shrinkage of neurons
Prejudice against other becasue of the age, especially prejudice against older adults, is known as ?
ageism
What is the "triple jeopardy" faced by African American and Latino women when it comes to income and finacnial levels of support in the elder years?
ageism, sexism, and racism
According to Baltes, in which of the following scenarios is the neeed for compensation for older adults the most obvious?
being bedridden because of an illness
Ruth and Gerald are a married couple. Both are in their late 60s. It is likely that as they get older, _____.
both Ruth and Gerald will get shorter
A recent meta-analysis of seven concluded that dietary intakes (not vitamin supplements) of vitamin E, C, and beta-corotene were linked to a reduced risk of ___________________ disease
cadiovascular
According to Erikson, the positive resolution of the conflict of generativity vs. stagnation culminates in _______________________ in old age
caring for others and empathy and concern
Nathan just celebrated his 100th birthday. It can be said that Nathan is a(n) _____.
centenarian
The term Balts uses to describe the "hardware" of the mind, meaning the neurophysiolofical architecture of the brain that was developed through evolution, is
cognitve mechanics
Studies on the Big Five personality found that transition into late adulthood was characterizwd by increase in aspects of impulse control, reliability, and conventionality. To which personality factor do these aspects belong?
conscientiousness
Critics point out that studies on the effectiveness of antioxidants in slowing the aging process thus far have been so-called population studies that are ____________________ in nature
correlational
Which of the following is a treatment for advancing Parkinsons disease?
deep brain stimulation
Alzheimers disease is a form of
dementia
The retention of informaiton about the details of life's happenings is called ___________________ memory
episodic
The vision of older adults can be affected by age-related changes. One of these changes which can make steps or street curbs difficult to manage is a decline in
depth perception
Remembering the name of a person's favorite toy from years ago when he or she was child is an example of ______________ memory
episodic
Remembering how to ride a bike without havig to consciously think aobut it is a part of an individuals -_________________ memory
implicit
Now that Benita is in late adulthood, the socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that she will:
spend most of her time with familiar friends
A recent study of older adults found that the greater the variability in their ________________________ attention, the more likely they were to experience falls
substained
Color vision declines with age because
the yellowing of the lens of the eye
Many ethnic minority workers never enjory the Social security and Medicare benefits to whcih their earning contribute because ?
they die before reaching the age of eligibilty for benefits
Exercise is related to reduced risk of developing
type I diabetes