Psychology Quiz 6

__________ disorder is characterized by unwanted thoughts or feelings that a person must carry out actions against his or her will

OCD

Behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives is known as _______________.

abnormal behavior

Drugs that reduce the level of anxiety a person experiences, essentially by reducing excitability and increasing feelings of well-being, are known as _______________ drugs.

anti anxiety

Medications that improve a severely depressed patient's mood and feeling of well-being are known as ____________drugs.

antidepressants

Drugs used to reduce severe symptoms of disturbance, such as agitation and loss of touch with reality, are known as_____________ drugs.

antipsychotic

A disorder in which individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others is called_______________ disorder.

antisocial personality disorder

__________ is a feeling of apprehension or tension in reaction to stressful situations.

anxiety

The occurrence of anxiety without an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning, is known as a(n) ___________disorder.

anxiety disorder

A severe developmental disability that impairs children's ability to communicate and relate to others is called_____________.

autism

The _____________ perspective suggests that anxiety is a learned response to stress

behavioral

The ______________ perspective views the behavior itself as the problem. Using the basic principles of learning, these theorists see both normal and abnormal behaviors as responses to various stimuli.

behavioral perspective

Treatment approaches that build on the basic processes of learning and assume that normal and abnormal behavior are both learned are called _____________ treatment approaches.

behavioral treatment approaches

___________ therapy relies on drugs and medical procedures to improve psychological functioning.

biomedical

A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression is known as _____________ disorder.

bipolar

A disorder in which individuals have difficulty developing a secure sense of who they are is called ______________disorder.

borderline personality disorder

The _____________ perspective suggests that anxiety disorders grow out of a person's inappropriate and inaccurate thoughts and beliefs about circumstances in his or her world.

cognitive

A treatment approach that incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think is known as the____________ approach.

cognitive behavioral

The _______________ perspective goes beyond only considering external behavior, as in traditional approaches. This approach assumes that people's thoughts and beliefs are central to a person's abnormal behavior.

cognitive perspective

Treatment approaches that teach people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional cognitions about the world and themselves are known as __________ approaches.

cognitive treatment

A branch of psychology that focuses on the prevention and minimization of psychological disorders in the community is called _____________ psychology.

community

An irresistible urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable is known as a(n) ___________________.

compulsion

In a ____________, the therapist and client (or teacher and student, or parent and child) draw up a written agreement that includes behavioral goals the client hopes to achieve. It also specifies the positive consequences for reaching the goal.

contingency contracting

A major somatoform disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg is called ______________ disorder.

conversion disorder

The transfer of former mental patients from institutions to the community is known as _______________.

deinstitutionalization

A form of treatment in which the focus is on getting people to accept who they are, regardless of whether it matches their ideal, is called ____________ behavior therapy.

dialectical

A disorder in which a significant, selective memory loss occurs is known as __________.

dissociative amnesia

_____________ disorders are psychological dysfunctions characterized by the separation of different facets of a person's personality that are normally integrated.

dissociative disorders

A form of amnesia in which the individual leaves home and sometimes assumes a new identity is called ______________.

dissociative fugue

A disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities is called ______________disorder.

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Anna has schizophrenia and needs medications to control her symptoms. Anna needs to undergo ____________ therapy.

drug

Because no single type of psychotherapy is invariably more effective for every individual, some therapists use a(n)____________ approach to therapy.

eclectic approach

A procedure used in the treatment of severe depression, in which an electric current of 70 to 150 volts is briefly administered to a patient's head, is called _____________ therapy.

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

When a therapist is understanding of a client's emotional experiences, but does not necessarily approve of everything that their clients say or do, is known as ___________.

empathetic

___________ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear.

exposure

_________________ disorder is the experience of long-term, persistent anxiety and worry.

generalized anxiety

The technique that asks people to say aloud whatever comes to mind, regardless of its apparent irrelevance or senselessness, is called _________________.

free association

Jane has entered treatment for substance abuse issues. Part of her treatment includes meeting with other people who have the same substance abuse issues. Jane is likely engaging in ______________ therapy.

group therapy

The underlying rationale of________________ therapy is that people have control of their behavior, can make choices about their lives, and are essentially responsible for solving their own problems.

humanistic

The ____________ perspective emphasizes the responsibility people have for their own behavior, even when their behavior is considered abnormal.

humanistic perspective

A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health is called ______________.

hypochondriac

Short-term therapy that focuses on the context of current social relationships is known as _____________ therapy.

interpersonal therapy

The underlying meaning of a dream which reveals the true unconscious meaning of the dream is called ____________.

latent content

A learned expectation that events in one's life are uncontrollable and that one cannot escape from the situation is known as_____________.

learned helplessness

________ depression is a severe form of this disorder and it interferes with concentration, decision making, and sociability.

major

An extended state of intense, wild elation is known as ___________.

mania

The surface description of a dream is known as ___________.

manifest content

The __________ perspective suggests that when an individual displays symptoms of abnormal behavior, the fundamental cause will be found through a physical examination of the individual.

medical perspective

________________ is where data from a large number of studies are statistically combined to create impressions of the data that is being studied.

meta-analysis

Disturbances in emotional experience that are strong enough to intrude on everyday living are called _________disorders.

mood disorder

Drugs used to treat disorders that prevent manic episodes of bipolar disorder are known as _________________.

mood stabilizers

A personality disturbance characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance is known as ________________disorder.

narcissistic personality disorder

The process by which the behavior of other people is modeled to systematically teach people new skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties is called ____________.

observational learning

A persistent, unwanted thought or idea that keeps recurring is called a(n) ____________.

obsessive

________ disorder is an anxiety disorder that takes the form of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to as long as several hours.

panic

A disorder characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society is called a ____________ disorder.

personality disorder

Nick is terrified of spiders. If he sees a picture of a spider, he starts to sweat and tremble. Nick is likely suffering from a_______________ involving spiders.

phobia

____________ is Freudian psychotherapy, in which the goal is to release hidden unconscious thoughts and feelings in order to reduce their power in controlling behavior.

psychoanalysis

The __________ perspective holds that abnormal behavior stems from childhood conflicts over opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression.

psychoanalytic perspective

_____________ therapy seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious, where patients may deal with the problems more effectively.

psychodynamic

Psychologically based therapy, or ____________, is treatment in which a trained professional, a therapist, uses psychological techniques to help someone overcome psychological difficulties and disorders, resolve problems in living, or bring about personal growth.

psychotherapy

A form of therapy that attempts to restructure a person's belief system into a more realistic, rational, and logical set of views by challenging dysfunctional beliefs that maintain irrational behavior is called _______________ behavior therapy.

rational-emotive

The inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations is known as ____________ in Freudian theory.

resistance

A class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs is called __________.

schizophrenia

The _________ perspective assumes that people's behavior, both normal and abnormal, is shaped by the kind of family group, society, and culture in which they live.

sociocultural perspective

___________ disorders are psychological difficulties that take on a physical form, but for which there is no medical cause.

somatoform disorder

Recovery without treatment is known as ______________.

spontaneous remission

_______________ is a behavioral technique in which gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to extinguish the response of anxiety.

systematic desensitization

A depression treatment in which a precise magnetic pulse is directed to a specific area of the brain is known as_____________.

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

In Freudian theory the transfer of feelings of love or anger to a psychoanalyst is called __________.

transference

Expressing acceptance and understanding, regardless of the feelings and attitudes the client expresses, is called _________________.

unconditional postive regard