Public speaking chapter 1

Identity

Beliefs, values, and attitudes make up the audience's________?

Brainstorm, research, interview and survey

How do you locate audience and situation information?

Stereotyping

False or oversimplified generalization applied to individuals based on group characteristics.

Social needs

Feelings we have about belonging.

Physiological barriers

Hunger, sickness, disabilities and pain are what type of barriers?

Linguistic barriers

Misread verbal and nonverbal messages, such as slang, jargon, technical words, body language that differs across cultures are known as what type of barriers?

Psychological barriers

Negative thoughts about the topic, distraction outside of the situation (such as a fight with a partner), fear, egocentricism, racism.

Race

The biological difference of humankind, based on physical markers such as color and texture of hair, color of skin and eyes, shape of facial features, bodily build, and proportions.

Self-esteem needs

Our strong need for respect from others we view as important, much as you may have felt when you were a teenager and wanted your parents to trust you and be proud of you.

Social traits by choice

People your audience members choose to connect with, like political parties, hobby communities, teams, and religious, ect.

Attitudes

Persistent psychological responses, predisposition, or inclinations to act one way or feel a particular way, usually positive or negative-toward something.

Psychological traits

Physiological, safety, social, self-esteem, self-actualization needs are known as?

Self-actualization

Relate to the need to feel achievement connected to personal identity, independence, happiness, and potential.

Physiological needs

Related to continued existence, such as food, water, general comfort,and sex.

Values

Related to worth or what a person sees as right or wrong, important or unimportant, desirable or undesirable.

Social traits by birth

Relationships your audience members have with others by birth and growing up within certain societies, specifically race, ethnicity and culture.

Personal traits

Sometimes referred to as demographics, include age, gender, sexual orientation, income, and disabilities.

Environmental barriers

Sounds, movement, light, darkness, heat, cold, hard seats, these are know as what type of barriers?

Ethnicity

Stems from our national and religious affiliations.

Culture

The system that teaches a set of objectives and rules that help us survive and gain societal acceptance within our community.

Closed-ended questions

These are used when you want general, quantifiable information and can be answered with a simple yes or no.

Internal noise

These noises occurs or originates inside of the mind or body and can be classified into two categories: Physiological and psychological barriers.

Survey

These questionnaires are helpful for gathering information from a large pool of people and often from your audience.

Open-ended question

This allow the interviewee to give a detailed response and often will give you valuable information that you had not anticipated.

External noise

This noise occurs or originates outside of the mind or body and can be classified into two categories: environmental barriers and linguistic barriers.

Social traits

This relates to how your audience is affected by or identify with other groups of people. Two types of groups can influence your audience_ those by choice and those by birth.

Beliefs

Those things a person accepts as plausible based on interpretation and judgement, such as believing in a religion or philosophey.

Place and audience size, time and occasion

What do you need to know about the speaking situation?

Safety needs

What we need to feel secure, such as a roof over our heads and safety in our own homes.