Public Speaking final test

You should never cite an article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone. True or False

True

Which of the following is the most concrete and specific?

White House

________ is a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary.

a dialect

Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking?

a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client

Which of the following is an example of a speech for a special occasion?

a speech presenting an award to a retiring teacher

Most library catalogues allow you to search for books by

all answers are correct (author, title, keyword)

___________ is repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

alliteration

_______ is the audience's perception of how qualified a speaker is to speak on a given topic.

credibility

When practicing your speech delivery, you should do all the following except

try to learn your speech word for word

Under normal circumstance, a speech of introduction should be no more than _____ minutes long.

two to three

Which of the following is an example of a commemorative speech?

(a eulogy at a funeral praising the life and accomplishments of the deceased. an address at the site of the World Trade Center praising the people who lost their lives on September 11, 2001 a speech at a new elementary school praising the work of the women for whom the school is named) All answers are correct.

Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the practicality issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy?

Because this solution has worked in other states where it has been adopted, we can be confident that it will work here.

"Pathos" is the word Aristotle used to refer to a speaker's logical appeal. True or False

False

Adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs. True or False

False

After conducting a research interview, you should wait a few days to review and transcribe your notes. True or False

False

An excellent way to improve your credibility as a speaker is to use fancy, complicated words rather than familiar words. True or False

False

Because a speech of introduction focuses on the main speaker, there is little need to adapt to the audience. True or False

False

Even if you can't identify the author or sponsoring organization for an Internet document, you can still use the document in your speech as long as it is up to date. True or False

False

Evidence is more likely to be persuasive if it is familiar to the audience. True or False

False

If you need information from a newspaper such as The New York Times, you have little alternative to thumbing through back issues of the paper until you find what you need. True or False

False

In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech. True or False

False

In persuasive speaking, it is usually appropriate to substitute emotional appeals for evidence and reasoning. True or False

False

One key to successful speaking is determining which audiences are worthy of your best efforts to communicate your ideas. True or False

False

Taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis. True or False.

False

The best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute. True or False

False

The purpose of a speech of introduction is to reveal the major points that will be made by the main speaker. True or False

False

True or false: "To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement.

False

True or false: Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her or his ethical obligations.

False

True or false: Concentrating on the target audience means that a persuasive speaker can ignore the rest of the audience.

False

If you want to find journal or magazine articles on your speech topic, you should consult a(n)

Periodical database

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis?

The size of the audience

A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation. True or False

True

As a general rule, the larger your audience is, the more formal your speech presentation should be. True or False

True

Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech. True or False

True

Inaccurate use of language can harm a speaker's credibility. True or False

True

Language that is appropriate for some occasions may not be appropriate for others. True or False

True

Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action. True or False

True

Of all the kinds of speeches, perhaps none depends more on the creative and subtle use of language than does the commemorative speech. True or False

True

Presenting a speech online alters almost every aspect of public speaking. True or False

True

The fallacy of false cause is often known by its Latin name, post hoc, ergo propter hoc. True or False

True

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.

analogical reasoning

Sloppy ________ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly.

articulation

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

attitude towards the topic

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? As we have seen, the trend is for companies to reduce long-term research and development costs in order to increase short-term profits. Since so many companies are doing this, it must make good business sense.

bandwagon

A(n) ____________ example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

brief

____________ are used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

call numbers

The purpose of a(n) _________ speech is to pay tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.

commemorative

Which of the following is the most general and abstract?

communication

When using Monroe's motivated sequence to organize a persuasive speech on a question of policy, the action step should be placed in the

conclusion

The more __________ a word, the more specific it will be

concrete

The _______ meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies.

connotative

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? We should build a new high school or children in the community will never get into college.

either-or

The name of the main speaker should usually be stated at the ______ of a speech of introduction

end

_______ is the name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as

ethos

A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

example

According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?

expert testimony

A(n) ________ speech is a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.

extemporaneous

According to your textbook, a(n) ____________ example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

extended

True or false: "To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement.

false

The primary purpose of speechmaking is to

gain a desired response from listeners

Which of the following does your textbook discuss as major factors in demographic audience analysis?

gender, age, group membership, and sexual orientation

The major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and _________.

graciousness

What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I watched a Taiwanese film in class last week, and it was extremely violent. When I mentioned this to my friend, she said that she, too, had seen a violent Taiwanese film. Apparently, all Taiwanese films are violent.

hasty generalization

When gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their

interest in the topic, knowledge of the topic, and attitude toward the topic (all answers are correct)

The denotative meaning of a word is

its literal meaning or dictionary definition.

Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to inspire your audience to follow your call for action.

justify your value judgement against a set of standards or criteria.

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

knowledge of the topic

As your textbook explains, upon reaching the lectern to start a speech, you should

make eye contact with your listeners

When giving a speech of introduction, you should

make sure your remarks about the main speaker are completely accurate.

When accuracy is essential and a speech must be delivered word for word, ________ delivery is most appropriate.

manuscript

"Once given a push, the machine of justice rolls by itself" is an example of

metaphor

Speakers who lack vocal variety are said to speak in a ________.

monotone

________ is based on a person's use of voice and body rather than the use of words.

nonverbal communication

To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to

paraphrase

If you want to find journal or magazine articles on your speech topic, you should consult a(n)

periodical database

________ is the lowness or highness of the speaker's voice.

pitch

A ____________ is a list, compiled early in the research process, of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

preliminary bibliography

The main purpose of a speech of presentation is to

present a gift or an award

What method of organizing is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? The problem of eating disorders affects more than 10 million Americans The causes of eating disorders include peer pressure, fad diets, and the media's glamorization of thinness. An effective solution to eating disorders must address all three of these causes.

problem-cause-solution

What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? Fraudulent charity fundraising has become a widespread problem. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness.

problem-solution order

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? How can we be so concerned about ethics in political campaigns when there are serious problems in the long-term stability of Social Security?

red herring

When using statistics in a speech, you should

round off complicated statistics, identify the sources of your statistics, and use statistics sparingly (all answers are correct)

Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

satisfaction

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________ questions.

scale

Three kinds of search aids discussed in the chapter for finding documents on the Internet are

search engines, virtual libraries, and government resources.

"The steady flow of traffic sounded like the rush of a great river" is an example of

simile

If there is no clearly identified author for a document on the Internet, you should try to determine the ____________ that is responsible for the document.

sponsoring organization

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical.

statistics

The most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether the analogy creates a logical dilemma.

the two cases being compared are essentially alike

Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in

topical order

No matter what kind of evidence you employ, it will be more persuasive if you state it in specific rather than in general terms. true or false

true