PUH 204 Midterm

Behavioral control is determined by a set of beliefs the person has that help or hinder performance of the behavior

true

Models differ from theories in that they

Are based on concepts from different theories rather than just one.

The concept underlying the theory of reasoned action/planned behavior is that

Behavior is the result of intention

When using community level theories, behavior change is predicated on:

Changing factors within social systems

Changing the legal limit for a DUI arrest would be consistent with which theoretical level of intervention?

Community

Lowering sodium intake reduces stroke risk. Stroke risk is highest among people with high blood pressure. Lower sodium diets help control high blood pressure. This is an example of:

Deductive Reasoning

Which of the following statements is consistent with an internal locus of control?

During flu season, I wash my hands more often to avoid getting sick

Dr. Lappan's Food Insecurity lecture used which theory to describe the impact of food insecurity on individuals and families?

Ecological systems theory

A manual that increases knowledge of the health problem being addressed and provides possible solutions would be appropriate to help people with an external locus of control change their behavior.

False

According to Attribution Theory, personal attributes are the basis of all behavior

False

According to Self-efficacy theory, efficacious people see difficult tasks as threats and avoid them.

False

In the health belief model, the constructs of percieved susceptibility and perceived barriers together form the construct of perceived threat

False

Providing opportunities for people to be successful at a new behavior is an example of the self-efficacy theory construct of somatic and emotional state

False

The construct of stability in Attribution Theory refers to the extent to which the underlying cause of a behavior can be predicted

False

The most effective way to increase self-efficacy is through vicarious learning.

False

Which of the following theories would be most appropriate to use as the basis for an intervention aimed at increasing safer sex practices among older adults in an effort to combat the idea that sexually transmitted diseases are a "young person's" problem?

Health belief model

Attribution theory would be a reasonable foundation for behavior change interventions that aim to

Identify causes of unhealthy behavior and them

The underlying concept of the health belief model explains that behavior results from:

Individual beliefs and perceptions

The construct of behaviora control in the theory of planned behavior explains behavior based of which of the following

Individual perception of how easy or difficult it is to do something

Repeated observation of higher rates of injury among teen athletes during practices with minimal attention to safety equipment use and lower rates during games with maximum attention to safety equipment use leads to the conclusion that safety equipment prevents injury is an example of:

Inductive reasoning

Which of the following is an internal, stable cause of behavior?

Intellect

Theories at the _________ level focus on the assumption that other people in our lives affect our health decisions and thus, our health behavior

Interpersonal

Which of the following is an example of an internal, unstable cause of behavior?

Knowledge

Which construct of self-efficacy theory would you use to explain behavior based on past success engaging in a similar behavior?

Mastery experiences

Which of the following is consistent with using the self efficacy construct of vicarious learning to support behavior change among high school students with alcohol problems?

Peer support groups

A theory construct:

Reflects the practical application of the concept

Which of the following reflects the construct of volitional control in the Theory of Reasoned Action?

Regular use of sunscreen

In his ted talk, Dr. Dean ornish didscussed some lifestyle factors that can harm our brain's ability to grow new brain cells. These include

Saturated fat and sugar, Nicotine, opiates, cocaine, and/or too much alcohol, chronic stress, b and c above, ALL OF THE ABOVE

According to the health belief model, which of the following demonstrates a cue to action?

Sharing a post on facebook about free flu vaccinations

When a woman says she avoids going for a mammogram because the very thought of even being screened for breast cancer frightens her, which of the self efficacy theory constructs would explain this behavior?

Somatic and emotional states

Which construct of self-efficacy theory would you use to explain behavior based on how we feel when we think about engaging in a particular behavior?

Somatic and emotional states

An example of the Attribution Theory construct of external locus of control to change behavior can be seen in which of the following?

Step 2 of the 12 steps of Alcoholics Anonymous which states "We came to believe that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity"

When people quit smoking because a health care provider asks them too, which theory of reasoned action/planned behavior construct explains this behavior?

Subjective norms

The concept of a theory is:

The idea upon which the theory is based

In the article "Enhancing resilience among young people...." the authors discuss 2 theories of psychological theories of resilience

Theory of Possible selves adn attribution theory

Which of the following best exemplifies people with high levels of self efficacy?

They approach a difficult task as a challenge to overcome, rather than to be avoided

According to the self efficacy theory construct of somatic and emotional states, attempting new behavior is more likely to occur if:

Thinking about it is associated with a pleasurable experience

According to Attribution Theory, it's important to identify behavioral causes at the individual level because hte same behavior may result from different causes for different people

True

Attitudes toward a behavior are formed by a series of beliefs which result in a value being placed on the outcome of a behavior

True

Food insecurity is a household-level indicator of minimal economic conditions and reflects limited or uncertain access to food

True

Learning a new behavior that is similar to one already known increases self-efficacy

True

The Attribution Theory construct of stability tells us that internal stable causes cannot be changed

True

The construct of perceived benefits in the health belief model explains that behavior change is influenced by the extent of expected positive results from the new behavior

True

The construct of stability in Attribution Theory refers to the extent to which the cause of a particular behavior is consistent or inconsistent, whether it is always the same or if it changes

True

The self-efficacy th eory construct of verbal persuasion explains that when people are told they will be successful at something new, they are more likely to try.

True

The somatic and emotional state resulting from thinking about engaging in a behavior affects self-efficacy and the likelihood of engaging in the behavior.

True

Very low food security is an individual level condition which indicates that hunger is present

True

When anxiety results from thinking about engaging in a behavior, chances are people will avoid engaging in the behavior

True

According to the Attribution Theory construct of controllability,

Undesirable health outcomes viewed by others as having controllable causes, lead to blame and stereotyping

Which construct of Self-Efficacy Theory would you use to explain behavior based on the support we get from others?

Verbal persuasion

Which construct of the self efficacy theory would you use to explain behavior based on observing the success or failure of others who are similar to us

Vicarious experiences

________ is the construct of the Theory of Reasoned Action that explains behavior based on our ability to do something at will?

Volitional control

According to the theory of reasoned action/planned behavior, a person's attitude toward a behavior results from:

beliefs about the behavior

The difference between the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior is that the tpb:

contains the construct of behavioral control, the TRA does not

Which of the following is true of the health belief model?

it is the most commonly used theory in health education and promotion