Rabbits: classification, anatomy, reproduction

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How much water does/should a rabbit consume a day on average?

100ml/kg/day > h2o consumption = > urine production

Domestic Rabbit Vitals

101.3-104 f HR-180-250 bpm RR- 30-60 bpm Female 2-6 kg Male 2-5 kg Larger breed Lifespan 6-8 yr Smaller breed 8-12 yr Sexual Mature 22-25 wks

How many families of Lagamorphes are there? Genra? Species?

2 families 12 genera 81 species

Reproductive cycle of the Domestic Rabbit

22-25 weeks Puberty Induced ovulators 30-33 days gestation 4-10 litter size Kits are born atrical Weaning 4-6 weeks

How much of the rabbit cornea makes up the globe?

30%

What is the gestation of the Lagomorph?

30-32 days

How many pairs of mammary glands does the doe have?

4 pairs (8-10 teats)

What is the life span of RBC's?

60-70 days Increased polychromasia

How many kits will a doe have in a litter?

8-12 young/larger breeds 4-5 young/smaller breeds

Disastema

A long gap sits between the incisors and premolars

What are some factors in rating tooth growth?

Age Pregnancy Diet

How do you determine if the domestic rabbit is male/female?

Apply Pressure above genitalia Vulva- slit like appearance with pointed protrusion Penis- rounded protrusion with circular hole (urethra)

Do Domestic rabbits do good as single pets?

Better housed together as bonded pairs or trios that a single house pet.

Why might a rabbits urine color vary from yellow, to orange, red, brown?

Biological pigments from endogenous metabolism or ingested plants are excreted in urine making it change in color

What characteristic do hares have that no other species has?

Black hair at the tips of the ears

What are rabbits sensitive to developing?

Bladder stones

(One, Both) lungs are lobed in the rabbit.

Both are lobed Right Lung is lobed in the rodent.

Male Rabbit

Buck

The male penis is _____ to the testes.

Caudal

Where are the scent glands located?

Chin glands Anal glands Inguinal glands/perineal glands

What is poorly developed in the rabbit eye?

Ciliary Body

Group of rabbits

Colony/Nest

What is the behavioral characteristics of the domestic rabbit?

Crepuscular Affectionate Playful/Social Intellegent Quiet

What might cause WBC fluctuations?

Diet, stress, age, season

Female Rabbit

Doe

What is larger in hares than in domestic rabbits?

Ears/Pinna

Open rooted, continuously growing

Elodont

What is your most common domestic rabbit?

European Rabbit

What is located behind the globe of the rabbit eye?

Extensive Orbital Venous Plexus

Most Important sensory organ of the rabbit?

Eyes

T/F Lagomorphs and Rodents are closely related.

False

T/F Rabbits soles are not covered in fur

False

T/F The female rabbits has a uterine body.

False; Does have 2 uterine horns and 2 cervices

T/F Rabbits have a large spleen

False; Rabbits have a small spleen

When urine from bladder gets expressed before on OHE resulting in urine pooling in the vagina and backflowing into the abdominal cavity

Flaccid vagina

Brachylagus

Genus -Pygmy rabbits

Oryctolagus

Genus- European Rabbits

Sylvilagus

Genus- cottontail rabbits

Lepus

Genus-hares and jack rabbits

What can be used as substitute for rabbits milk?

Goats milk

Feeding rabbits ___&___ causes ____ mastication and allow better tooth wear

Grass, Hay, horizontal

Feeding rabbits ____ items causes a more ___ chewing, stimulating ____ ____.

Harder, vertical, tooth growth

What is the difference between rabbits and hares when they are born?

Hares are born precocious Rabbits are born altrical

Long crowned incisors

Hypsodont

What is the dental formula for lagomorphs?

I 2/1, C 0/0, P 3/2, M 3/3

Where are the testes located?

In 2 individual walled scrotal sacs cranial to the penis

Female rabbits (does) are what kind of ovulators?

Induced-No estrogen cycle

Birth of rabbits

Kindling

Young rabbits

Kits/kitten

What is the order for hares, pikas and rabbits?

Lagomorpha

Characteristics of ear sensory organ.

Large Pinna- Thermoregulatory organ Vertical ear canal- Tragus

What are the 2 families of the order laomorpha?

Leporidae - hares, jackrabbits, rabbits Ochotonidae - pikas

What is the most dominating characteristic of the lagomorph?

Long hindlegs; jump very high

Which incisors have enamel on both surfaces? (Upper/Lower)

Lower

Most common luekocyte seen in young rabbits?

Lymphocytes

Do rabbits have sweat glands?

No

What is unique about the dental anatomy of the rabbit?

No canines 2 pairs of upper incisors (peg teeth) Disastema

What is important to know about the fundus?

No tapetum lucidum Optic nerve above horizontal midline Retinal vessels spread horizontally

Can rabbits vomit?

No, they have no cardiac sphincter in stomach

alpine pika

Species - Ochotona alpina

american pika

Species - Ochotona princeps

Most important organ of the lagomorphs?

Spleen

Lymphocytes can be induced by _____.

Stress

What is the species of the Eastern Cottontail?

Sylvilagus floridanus

What do the rabbits use thier scent glands for?

Territorial Marking

What is VERY IMPORTANT to remember when neutering a male rabbit?

They have an open inguinal canal and needs to be closed after castration otherwise rabbit can prolapse abdominal organs. Same goes for females-Vaginal tunic must be closed after a spay.

Why are rabbits sensitive to you touching their faces and noses?

They have tactile vibrissae on face over eyebrows and lips. These whiskers help navigate underground and are used in food discrimination

What does normal rabbit urine look like?

Thick, cloudy, creamy, gelatinous

T/F Bucks have no baculum. (penis bone)

True

T/F Lagomorphs are distributed worldwide

True

T/F Rabbit milk is high in fat and protein?

True

T/F Rabbits are obligate nasal breathers

True

T/F Rabbits have very delicate, thin skin, very fine hair

True

T/F You may have to stretch the pinna to see the Tempanic Membrane in the rabbit ear

True

Where is the blind spot in a rabbit?

Under nose Uses sensory vibrissa for food discrimination Easily startled when touched on nose

Which incisors have enamel on labial/anterior surface, Dentin on inner surface (Upper/Lower)

Upper

Major route of calcium excretion

Urine 45-60%

Family Leporidae

jackrabbits, hares, rabbits

Family Ochotonidae

pikas

Genus Ochotona

pikas

What are cecotrophes?

"Night Feces" Rich in Vitamin B and Protein Coprophagia

The rabbit is known as a (predator, prey) animal.

Prey

How many times will dams feed the kits?

Once a day

What is the nictating membrane associated with?

Orbital glands White Tear Secretion-Normal

What is the species of the European Rabbit?

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Characteristics of the eye sensory organs.

Panoramic Field vision Spherical large lens Nictating Membrabe-3rd eyelid prominent Nasolacrimal Duct

Does have a dewlap and do what 24 hours before giving birth?

Pluck fur from the dewlap to line the nest

What is important to remember about rabbits CV system.

Rabbits are prey animal Stressed sensitive catecholamine secretion-(reaction to stress) can cause cv response-overloading cvs cardiac arrest

What is unique about the rabbit heart?

Right AV valves 2 tricuspidal valves Left and Right vena Cava Aorta rythmic contractions neurogenic in orgin

Lymphatic tissue of the small intestines only found in rabbits?

Sacculus Rotundus (ileocecal junction)

What is to be considered about the lagamorph heart?

Since it is small in size, it has limited collateral coronary circulation. anesthetic vasoconstriction-cardiac ischemia (decreased blood flow/oxygen to heart)

Rabbits have a (small, large) thoracic cavity

Small

The rabbit has a relatively (small, large) heart.

Small

What is a good indicator of disease in the eyes?

Yellow/Green tear secretion could indicate illness.

What are pikas known to do?

Whistle


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