pysch unit 10

The value of social conformty is mot likely to emhasized in

Japan .

Toby publicly agrees with his fraternity brothers that Ahmed, a senior, would make the best student senate president. On the secret ballot, however, he actually votes for Yoram. Toby's public conformity to his fraternity brothers' opinion best illustrates the power of

Normative social influence

Magazine computer ads seldom feature endorsements from Hollywood stars or great athletes. Instead, they offer detailed information for consumers to develop more positive opinions about the company's products. This advertising strategy best illustrates

central route persuasion

The level of obedience in the milgram experiements was the highest when the teacher was ---- the experimenter and --- the learner

close to' at a distance from

During a test, Abe impulsively copied several answers from a nearby student's paper. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude?

cognitive dissonance theory

In group sitituations the loss of self awarness and self restrict

deinidivualisation

Masked bandits might be more likely than unmasked bandits to physically injure their victims due to

deinvidiualisation

Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in

discrimination

As Arlette walks through a shopping mall, she happens to pass an older woman who is sitting on a bench, clutching her arm, and moaning in pain. The presence of many other shoppers in the mall will most likely increase the probability that Arlette will

fail to notice the older womans problems

studies have revealed diminished acitvity in the -----of violent criminals

frotnal lobes

Professors Maksoud, Struthers, and Vasic each tend to think that obtaining a university degree is easier today than it was when they were students. After discussing the matter over coffee, they are even more convinced that obtaining a degree is easier today. This episode provides an example of

group polorization

The tragic decision to launch the space shuttle challenger resulted in part from the minimal expression of dissenting views among NASA personel and advisors this best illustrates the danegers of

groupthink

People may unconsciously harbor negative racial associations. This best illustrates the subtle nature of

implicit prejudice

People are especially likely to demonstrate the fundamental attribution error in cultures that value

individualism

Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecaster warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of

informational social influence

During a Girl Scout picnic, Lavinia was randomly selected to be on one baseball team and Carla on the opposing team. Before the game started, Lavinia and Carla were each convinced that their own team was the better one. The girls' beliefs best illustrate

ingroup bias

How does the presence of observers affect a person's performance?

it improves performance on easy tasks and hinders a persons performance on difficult tasks

In most desegregated schools, ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms. People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group, but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish. This pattern of thinking best illustrates

mirrori-image perceptions

As passionate love matures into a calm and steady companionate love, the bonding of two partners is most likely to be facilitated by

oxytocin

Rhonda has just learned that her neighbor Patricia was involved in an automobile accident at a nearby intersection. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error may lead Rhonda to conclude

patricas recklnesses has finally gotten her in trouble

Opinion change resulting from a thoughtful focus on the content of arguments illustrates

peripheral route persusaion

Our first impressions of those we meet are most likely to be determined by their

physcial apperance

The tendency for initial compliance with a small request to facilitate subsequent compliance with a larger request is known as the

reciprocity norm

In which of the following groups is social loadfing least likely.

resturant food servers are allowed to keep the individual tips they recieve

Poverty and unemployment are likely to be explained in terms of personal dispositions by ________ and in terms of situational influences by ________.

sitaitonal contraints peronal dispositios

Caitlin concluded that her husband was late for dinner because he was caught in heavy traffic. Her conclusion best illustrates

situaitional attrribution

After a light turns green, drivers take about 15 percent less time to travel the first 100 yards when another car is beside them at the intersection than when they are alone. This best illustrates

social faciliatation

Norman Triplett observed that adolescents wound a fishing reel faster in the presence of someone working simultaneously on the same task. This best illustrates

social facilitation

Class members are asked to work cooperatively in groups on major course papers. Every member of a group is to receive exactly the same grade based on the quality of the group's paper. This situation is most likely to lead to

social loafing

The tendency for people to exert less effort whn they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal is known as

social loafing

After a yearlong drought, the city of Pine Bluffs has banned all lawn sprinkling. Many residents believe, however, that continued watering of their own lawn will have little effect on total water reserves. Consequently, there is a disastrous drain on city water reserves caused by widespread illegal sprinkling. This incident best illustrates the dynamics of

social traps

Arthuro belives that most young women from Cali are exremtly good looking and that women are usuall selfish

sterotypes

After their country was ravaged by a series of earthquakes, two bitterly antagonistic political groups set aside their differences and worked cooperatively on effective disaster relief. This cooperation best illustrates the importance of:

supordinate goals

In all of Milgram's obedience experiments, participants were deceived about

the amount of shock the victiom rexieced

If one student in a classroom begins to cough, others are likely to do the same. This best illustrates

the chameleon effect

After giving in to her friends' request that she drink alcohol with them, 16-year-old Jessica found that she couldn't resist the pressure they exerted on her to try heroin. Her experience best illustrates:

the foot in the door phenomenon

The gradually escalating levels of destructive obedience in the Milgram experiments best illustrate one of the potential dangers of

the foot-in-the-door phenonmenon

One analysis revealed that pitchers were more likely to hit batters when the previous batter had hit a home run. This best illustrates

the frustration-agression princile

The tendency for observers to underesteimate the impact of the situtation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on anothers beahvior is called

the fundamental attribution error

White children are better at recognizing White faces than Black faces. This illustrates

the other race effect

After the Greenway family accepted their neighbor's invitation to Thanksgiving dinner, Mrs. Greenway felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner. Mrs. Greenway's sense of obligation most likely resulted from:

the reciprocity norm

In Milgram's obedience experiments teachers were least liely to deliver the hihest levels of shock when

the teachers obsererved other paritcipants refuse to obey the expeiemeny

We are likely to conform to group pressure when

we admire the group's status and attractiveness

The partipants in Philip Zimbardos simulated prision study

were so endangered by their role playing experience that they were disconitued

You would probably be LEAST likely to commit the fundamental attribution error in explaining why

you failed a college test

When no weapons of mass destruction were found following the U.S. invasion of Iraq, some Americans revised their memories of the main rationale for going to war. The text author suggests that we can best explain why people changed their memories in terms of

Cognitive dissonance theory

in 1963, president JFK announced to

GRIT

Naseeb disagrees with his classmates on an issue. During a class discussion of the issue, Naseeb is MOST likely to conform to his classmates' opinion if he

believes the rest of the clas is unamious in their position

In Milgram's first study of obedience the majority of teachers who were ordered to shock a learner

complied fully and delivered the highest level of shock

Solomon Asch asked people to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to study

conformity