Python (Chapters 4,5 & 10)
There are always ________ steps that must be taken when a file is used by a program.
three
Some languages, such as Visual Basic, use ________ as the not equal to operator.
<>
In languages such as Java, Python, C, and C++ the ________ operator determines whether a variable is equal to another variable.
==
The ________ operator is used to determine whether the operands are exactly the same as each other.
==
The ________ operator could be used, in some situations, to simplify nested selection structures.
AND
The ________ operator requires both sub expressions to be true for the compound expression to be true.
AND
Which operator would make the following expression false? True ________ False
AND
What type of data file cannot be opened and viewed in an editor such as Notepad?
Binary file
The statements that appear between the While and the End While clauses are called the ________.
Body of the loop
________ expressions are named in honor of mathematician George Boole.
Boolean
What type of loop uses a Boolean expression to control the number of times that it repeats a statement or set of statements?
Condition-controlled
To ________ a variable means to decrease its value.
Decrement
True/False: A file with the extension .doc usually indicates that the file contains a note written by a doctor.
False
True/False: In a For loop, the programmer should know the exact number of iterations the loop must perform before writing the code.
False
True/False: In the For statement, you can only use positive integers as step values.
False
True/False: It is possible to write a complete program using only a decision structure.
False
True/False: Pseudocode could be logically incorrect if not properly indented.
False
True/False: The programmer has the option to append data anywhere in an output file.
False
True/False: The short-circuit evaluation is performed with expressions containing any logical operators.
False
True/False: The term "input file" is used to describe a file that data is written to.
False
True/False: The term "output file" is used to describe a file that data is read from.
False
What is a short sequence of characters that appears at the end of a filename and is preceded by a period called?
Filename extension
The ________ statement is specifically designed to initialize, test, and increment a counter variable.
For
Which loop is specifically designed to initialize, test, and increment a counter variable?
For
Which loop statement does not contain an increment statement but automatically increments the counter at the end of each iteration?
For
A case structure is a ________ alternative decision structure.
Multiple
If the expression is false, the ________ operator will return true.
NOT
The ________ operator is a unary operator, as it works with only one operand.
NOT
Which of the following operators reverses the logic of its operand?
NOT
In general, how many types of files are there?
two
The following loop will perform ________ iterations. For start = 6 To 2 Step -3
two
When writing a program to perform a file operation, there are ________ names that you have to work with in the program's code.
two
Programmers usually refer to the process of saving data to a file as ________ a file.
writing data to
True/False: The While loop gets its name from the way it works: While a condition is false, do some task.
False
Which structure causes a statement or set of statements to execute repeatedly?
Repetition
The ________ operator is best to determine whether a number is outside a range.
OR
Which operator would make the following expression true? False ________ True
OR
How many times will the following loop iterate? Set k = 1 Do Display k Set k = k + 1 Until k > 1
One
What type of operators are the following? > < >= <= == !=
Relational
The ________ represents a special value that marks the end of a list of values.
Sentinel
Consider the following statement: A store is giving a discount of 30% for all purchases of over $100. Which of the following is not the appropriate structure to use to program the statement?
Sequence
True/False: A While loop repeats infinitely when there is no statement inside the loop body that makes the test condition false.
True
True/False: A condition-controlled loop can be used to iterate the body of the loop a specific number of times.
True
True/False: A nested decision structure can achieve the same logic as a case structure.
True
True/False: When an input file is opened, the read position is initially set to the first item in the file.
True
When the ________ loop executes, the condition is tested; if it is true, the loop body is executed, and then the loop starts over; if the condition is false, the loop terminates.
While
Which pair of loops causes a statement or set of statements to repeat as long as a condition is true?
While and Do-While
True/False: Any loop that can be written as a Do-While loop can also be written as a While loop.
True
True/False: Decision structures are also known as selection structures.
True
True/False: In a text file, all data is stored as a series of characters.
True
True/False: In an expression with an OR operator, it does not matter which sub expression is true for the compound expression to be true.
True
True/False: Modules can be called from statements in the body of any loop.
True
In most languages, if a file with the specified external name already exists when the file is opened, the contents of the existing file will be ________.
erased
The ________ usually indicates the type of data stored in the file.
extension
In an If-Then-Else statement, the Else clause marks the beginning of the statements to be executed when the Boolean expression is ________.
false
When a program needs to save data for later use, it writes the data to a(n) ________.
file
Boolean variables are commonly used as ________, which indicate whether a specific condition exits.
flags
A(n) ________ structure is commonly known as a loop.
repetition
The ________ decision structure provides only one alternative path of execution.
single alternative
A(n) ________ file contains data that has been encoded as text, using one of the computer's encoding schemes.
text
The ________ symbol indicates that some condition must be tested in a flowchart.
diamond
The direct access file is also known as a(n) ________ access file.
random
The term ________ is used in the For loop if the counter needs to be incremented by a value other than one.
Step
The amount by which the counter variable is incremented in a For loop is known as what?
Step amount
What type of data file can be opened and viewed in an editor such as Notepad?
Text file
How many steps must be taken when a file is used by a program?
Three
How many times will the following loop iterate? For j = 1 To 5 Step 2 Display j End For
Three
In a count-controlled loop, the counter performs ________ action(s).
Three
The variable that is used to keep the running total in a loop is called a(n) ________ in programming.
accumulator
A condition is a ________ expression.
boolean
A(n) ________ expression evaluates as either true or false.
boolean
The ________ is a small holding section in memory.
buffer
When a program ________ a file, it disconnects the file from the program.
closes
When a web page is visited, the browser stores a small file on the user's computer, known as a ________.
cookie
A(n) ________-controlled loop repeats a statement or set of statements a specific number of times.
count
A count-controlled loop uses a variable known as ________ to store the number of iterations that it has performed.
counter variable
In a For loop a negative step value is used to ________ the counter variable.
decrement
A(n) ________ loop continues to repeat until the program is interrupted.
infinite
The total number of ________ of a nested loop is the product of the number of iterations of all the loops.
iterations or repetitions
In a count-controlled loop the test action compares the counter variable to the ________ value to determine if the loop iterates or terminates.
maximum
The word OutputFile indicates the ________ in which the file is used.
mode
A structure that has a loop that is inside another loop is called a(n) ________ loop
nested
The process of ________ a file creates a connection between the file and the program.
opening
An inner loop goes through all of its iterations for every single iteration of the ________ loop.
outer
The ________ file is used to describe a file that data is written to.
output
In flowcharting, the ________ symbol is used to read data from a file.
parallelogram
The Do-While loop is a(n) ________ loop.
posttest
In the ________ step the data is either written to the file or read from the file.
processing
Which operator is best to determine whether x contains a value in the range of 10 through 57?
AND
What two logical operators perform short-circuit evaluation?
AND and OR
The computer uses the ________ codes to accomplish string comparison.
ASCII
Which of the following software packages store data in files?
All of the above
Which of the following is a logical operator?
All of the above ("OR", "NOT" & "AND")
Which structure is a logical design that controls the order in which a set of statements executes?
Control
What is the terminology used when a task is temporarily interrupted as a control variable reaches a specific value?
Control break logic
________ contain information about the user's web browsing session.
Cookies
The following is an example of what type of loop? For k = 7 To maxValue
Count-controlled
Which type of data file access allows access to any piece of data in the file without reading the data that comes before it?
Direct access
The ________ loop is the best choice when you want to perform a task until a condition is true.
Do-Until
The loop that iterates as long as a condition is false and then stops when the condition becomes true is called a(n) ________ loop.
Do-Until
Which loop repeats a statement or set of statements as long as the Boolean expression is false?
Do-Until
Which of these are posttest loops?
Do-While and Do-Until
True/False: A posttest loop does not perform any iteration if the Boolean expression is false to begin with.
False
True/False: All types of data files are viewable in a text editor.
False
True/False: An If statement will produce unpredictable results if the programmer does not use proper indentations in pseudocode.
False
True/False: Data files are less and less needed in current gaming software.
False
True/False: The If-Then-Else statement should be used to write a single alternative decision structure.
False
True/False: The While loop will never execute if its condition is true to start with.
False
True/False: The data saved in a file will remain there even after the program stops running but will be wiped out when the computer is turned off.
False
True/False: The direct access file is similar to the way an MP3 player works: the player starts from the beginning.
False
True/False: The first line of the case structure starts with the word CASE followed by the test expression.
False
How many times will the following loop iterate? Set k = 1 While k < = 5 Display k End While
Infinite
What is the term used to describe a file that data is read from?
Input file
How many times will the following loop iterate? Set k = 1 While k > 5 Display k End While
No iterations
When a piece of data is written to a file, it is copied from a variable in ________ to the file.
RAM
In an input file, what maintains the location of the next item that will be read from the file?
Read position
Which flowcharting symbol is used for opening and closing files?
Rectangle
What type of operator can be used to determine whether a specific relationship exists between two values?
Relational
A loop that accumulates a total as it reads each number from a series is often said to keep a what?
Running total
________ access files are easy to work with, and you can use them to gain an understanding of basic file operations.
Sequential
Which type of data file access starts from the beginning of the file and proceeds to the end of the file?
Sequential access
True/False: A nested decision structure can be used to test more than one condition.
True
True/False: Although the sequence structure is heavily used in programming, it cannot handle every type of task.
True
True/False: The If-Then-Else statement can be used to simplify a complex nested decision structure.
True
True/False: The While and For loops are considered pretest loops because they test the condition before processing the statement(s) in the loop body.
True
True/False: The While loop is known as a pretest loop, which means it tests its condition before performing an iteration.
True
True/False: The conditions that control a loop repetition are Boolean expressions.
True
True/False: The sequential access file is similar to the way a cassette player works.
True
True/False: The use of a buffer increases the system's performance because writing data to memory is faster than writing to a disk.
True
When a program performs actions only under certain conditions, it is using a ________ structure.
decision
The statement(s) that immediately follow the ________ statement is executed if the test expression in the case structure does not match any case values.
default
The ________ symbol is used to represent a selection structure in flowcharting.
diamond
In a(n) ________ decision structure, one path is taken if a condition is true and the other path is taken if the condition is false.
dual alternative
The ________ marker indicates where the file's content ends.
end-of-file
When a program performs the task of retrieving data from a file, it is known as ________ data from/to the file.
reading
Data in a file is organized in ________, which are a complete set of data about an item.
records
When processing a long list of values with a loop, the program knows it has reached the end of the list when the ________ value is read.
sentinel
The expression with an AND operator ________ when the expression on its left is false and so it does not evaluate the expression on its right.
short circuits
In many languages the case structure is called a ________ statement.
switch
The ________ statement is commonly used in programming languages for case structure.
switch
The value of the ________ is compared with the values that follow each of the Case statements when a Select Case statement executes.
test expression
Which operator is used to determine that the operands are not exactly of the same value?
None of the above ( =!, =, ==, !)
Opening a(n) ________ file creates a file on disk and allows the program to write data to it.
Output
What type of file does the AppendMode work with?
Output file
What type of file does the AppendMode work with? Answer
Output file
