questions 200- 351
"League think" is the concept A) introduced by Pete Rozelle that owners needed to do what was best for the NFL as a whole, as opposed to their individual franchises. B) of thinking of the league as a single entity structure. C) of creating a league "think tank" of owners to make leaguewide decisions and set league strategies. D) None of these are correct.
A
A cereal company activates its NASCAR sponsorship by offering consumers a free mini- car for consumers who purchase specially marked boxes. This is an example of what type of promotion? A) Premium B) Point-of-sale C) Sampling D) Freestanding inserts
A
A collective bargaining agreement is A) A contract for all players in the league covering their hours, wages and terms and conditions of employment. B) Another term for a standard player contract. C) An advising agreement between a player and an agent that is mandated by the players association. D) A statute that sets forth the rights of a player as a member of a team.
A
A young person starting out in sport event management would probably begin with A) an internship. B) work as a sports agent. C) marketing. D) secretarial work.
A
According to Mark McCormack, what is one of the most important assets a salesman can have? A) An awareness of when you are imposing B) An ability to look professional/look the part C) An ability to have an answer for any question D) An ability to frame your product/service any way in order to sell to anyone
A
According to Mark McCormack, what is the order of steps with customers to take for successful sports sales? A) Identify, reach out, enlighten, persuade B) Identify, enlighten, reach out, persuade C) Persuade, identify, reach out, enlighten D) Enlighten, identify, reach out, persuade
A
According to Much and Gotto (1997), what are the two most important factors in determining a sports franchise's value? A) The degree of league revenue sharing and the stability of a league's labor situation. B) The team's lease agreement and local broadcasting revenues. C) The team's stadium revenues and local broadcasting revenues. D) The league's having a salary cap and the team's local revenue streams.
A
According to the textbook, which of the following is a true statement regarding diversity in professional sports? A) In 2003, the NBA and MLB welcomed their first minority owners. B) Women now hold more than 50% of the head coaching positions in the WNBA clubs, and 61.5% of the assistant coaching positions. C) Racial minorities now represent more than 30% of all head coaches in the NBA and more than 40% of assistant coaches in that same league. D) All of these.
A
All of the following are excellent reasons for a municipality to subsidize stadium/arena construction except A) economic growth leading to a return on investment. B) civic pride and community spirit. C) public relations boost of being labeled a "major league city." D) improved quality of life and the possibility for urban renewal.
A
An agent must help an athlete with the transition from a professional playing career as an athlete and with A) post-career planning and retirement B) choosing the next sport to play C) family counseling D) reviewing tapes of his or her career
A
As a result of the passage and signing by the governor of North Carolina's House Bill 2 A) the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) decided to move all of its 2016-17 tournaments and championship events out of the state of North Carolina. B) the NBA made no changes and held the All-Star game in Charlotte. C) the NCAA stated social political issues should not impact the hosting or running of sporting events. D) gender "neutral" bathrooms needed to be constructed in all sporting facilities.
A
Fenway Sports Management exemplifies A) a full-service agency. B) a specialized agency. C) an in-house agency. D) a broadcast agency.
A
Five key problems in the sport agency profession do NOT include A) the agents' lack of understanding of the rules of the game. B) income mismanagement. C) conflict of interest. D) overly aggressive client recruiting.
A
For what NFL owners was the cross-ownership ban in the NFL eased? A) Eddie DeBartolo and John and Denise (DeBartolo) York of the San Francisco 49ers B) Wayne Huizenga of the Miami Dolphins and Paul Allen of the Seattle Seahawks C) Jerry Jones of the Dallas Cowboys and Lamar Hunt of the Kansas City Chiefs D) Bob McNair of the Houston Texans and Daniel Snyder of the Washington Redskins
A
Hospitality is important to an event as it can A) provide a satisfying experience for stakeholders of the event. B) provide an opportunity to improve event loyalty. C) be used as a method to develop good working relationships with the media, thus attaining publicity for the event. D) All of these are correct.
A
IMG operates divisions for athlete management services, event management services, licensing, broadcasting (both production and negotiation), Internet consulting, and marketing and consulting services. This firm covers the entire gamut of sport event and athlete functions. As such, IMG is known as A) a full-service agency. B) a specialized agency. C) an in-house agency. D) an incorporated agency.
A
IMG was originally formed to A) locate endorsement opportunities for a professional golfer. B) manage and promote events. C) organize televised events involving clients (athletes). D) increase revenue potential through additional activities surrounding the core sporting event.
A
In 2016, this team had the highest FCI of all organizations in Major League Baseball?? A) Boston Red Sox B) Los Angeles Dodgers C) Arizona Diamondbacks D) None of these
A
In professional sports, the commissioner has discretionary power in all of the following areas except A) rule making. B) approval of player contracts. C) resolution of disputes between clubs. D) resolution of disputes over player compensation.
A
Mark McCormack, founder of IMG, explained that selling consists of all of the following except A) having a winning team or product. B) getting through to your customers. C) the process of identifying customers. D) increasing customer awareness and interest in your product or services.
A
Mullin, Hardy, and Sutton (2014) describe the game ticket inventory as a "club sandwich". What "recipe," or appropriate percentage of customers, do the authors suggest a sport organization should have as season ticket equivalencies to maximize ticket sales revenue? A) 50-65% B) 15-25% C) 10-25% D) 5%
A
One of the largest sporting goods companies in China, which has an endorsement contract with Dwayne Wade. A) Li-Ning B) Puma C) Alibaba D) Weibo
A
Sport organizations that collect demographic information (age, gender, education level, occupation, ethnicity) and psychographic (motivations, interests, and opinions) from customers are using which sales methodology? A) CRM system B) Direct mail solicitations C) Telemarketing D) Personal selling
A
Strikes are much more disruptive in pro sports than in mainstream business because A) players have unique talents and cannot be replaced with temporary replacement workers. B) professional athletes' salaries are so much higher than the average worker. C) sports are seasonal, thus have less time to realize revenue. D) All of these are correct.
A
The first players association to negotiate the right for players to be represented by agents was the A) Major League Baseball Players Association. B) National Football League Players Association. C) National Basketball League Players Association. D) National Hockey League Players Association.
A
The governing document for the IOC, which codifies the fundamental principles, rules, and bylaws of the IOC. A) Olympic Charter B) Olympic Code C) Olympic Handbook D) Olympic Policy
A
The money to build facilities is usually obtained through A) bonds. B) taxes. C) corporate investment. D) facility revenues.
A
The privileges granted to owners that come with team ownership are called ______. A) franchise rights B) territorial rights C) revenue sharing rights D) ownership committee rights
A
What approach should the sport organization follow when the product or service package the sport organization is selling does not meet the specific wants or needs of a consumer? A) Benefit selling B) Aftermarketing C) Up-selling D) Eduselling
A
What effect of building a sports facility derives last for the community which builds it? A) Multiplier effect B) Construction jobs C) Tourism D) Spending by event attendees
A
What is the only sports league to ban corporate ownership? A) NFL B) NBA C) NHL D) MLB E) MLS
A
What order shows how sports facilities are paid for? A) Federal government-local government-investors B) Local government-federal government-investors C) Investors-federal government-local government D) Federal government-investors-local government
A
What professional league has an 80-game penalty for the use of performance enhancing drugs? A) MLB B) NBA C) NFL D) NHL E) MLS
A
What provides a key ingredient in a successful sport salesperson? A) Persistence B) Knowledge of finance C) Warmth D) Aggressiveness
A
Which of the following is an example of a sport organization that promotes fair treatment of the LGBTQ community? A) Athlete Ally B) Sport 4 Socialization C) Sport for All D) Athletes United
A
Which organization has been most aggressive in curtailing abusive behavior by agents? A) NFLPA B) NCAA C) MLS D) NBPA
A
______ are outdoor or domed facilities built with the intention of housing sporting and entertainment events. A) Stadiums B) Theaters C) Convention centers D) Arenas
A
Which of the following statements is true of the Division I conference? Choose all that apply. A) Division I schools, in general, support the philosophy of competitiveness, generation of revenue through athletics, and national success. B) Division I schools are required to sponsor at least 14 sports programs; FBS institutions must sponsor 16 teams. C) A typical Division I coach oversees several sport programs and may also hold an academic appointment, an administrative appointment, or teach activities classes. D) All of these E) Only Division I schools, in general, support the philosophy of competitiveness, generation of revenue through athletics, and national success & Division I schools are required to sponsor at least 14 sports programs; FBS institutions must sponsor 16 teams above
A & B
Many individuals in the management of professional sports leagues are not fans of salary caps because they A) routinely force teams to cut veteran players earning higher salaries to get under the ceiling of the cap. B) routinely provide teams with spending floors so low-revenue teams are prevented from cutting salaries in order to stay competitive. C) often have so many exceptions that they have inevitably created a number of loopholes for those agents and general managers who are creative negotiators and thus, the cap is not creating the parity it was intended to create. D) All of these are correct.
A C
John Montgomery Ward founded the first baseball players union to fight what practice(s) by baseball team owners? A) Salary caps B) Baseball's reserve system C) Baseball's practice of selling players without the
A b c
"The process of providing continued satisfaction and reinforcement to individuals or organizations who are past or current customers" is a definition of A) benefit selling. B) aftermarketing. C) up-selling. D) eduselling.
B
A multidimensional sport agency employing more than 1,600 people to serve clients across a broad range of sports including Formula 1, Rugby, Cricket, and Team Handball. A) Uplause B) Lagardère Sports C) SportAccord D) Intersport
B
A multitiered system of connected sport leagues whereby teams are exchange from one league to another based on performance connected is known as the _________ system. A) National Governing Body B) Promotion and Relegation C) Player Migration D) Transfer Fee
B
All of the following are objectives of person-centered branding except A) contriving an image to fit a product or brand. B) capitalizing on an athlete's recent performance. C) creating an authentic brand based on who a person is. D) focusing on a person's identity to establish an enduring brand.
B
All of the following are part of a crowd management plan except A) using security personnel and ushers. B) knowing the location of and route to the nearest hospitals. C) categorizing the type of event. D) having an emergency plan.
B
All of the following were publicly financed stadiums efficiently built with the intention of housing both a football team and a baseball team except A) Veterans Stadium (Philadelphia). B) Meadowlands (Northern New Jersey). C) Three Rivers Stadium (Pittsburgh). D) Riverfront Stadium (Cincinnati).
B
Although the NFL bans public ownership, it has made an exception for what team? A) The Miami Dolphins B) The Green Bay Packers C) The San Francisco 49ers D) The Seattle Seahawks
B
Each year, Team Marketing Report (TMR) publishes its Fan Cost Index (FCI). The FCI measures A) cost of facilities and rental costs to a team. B) cost of taking a family of four to a game (including tickets, parking, concessions, and souvenir costs). C) cost of player salaries per average fan attendance. D) cost of a mini-ticket plan versus season tickets.
B
Fund-raising as a marketing tool is usually used and appropriate for what types of events? A) For-profit events B) Cause-related marketing efforts C) Charitable events D) Cause-related marketing efforts and charitable events E) For-profiteventsandcharitableevents
B
In an attempt to improve the bidding process for the Olympic and Paralympic Games, the IOC announced several changes for the future of the Olympic Movement. Which of the following was not one of the key changes announced? A) Reducing costs for bidding by decreasing bid presentations and adding a financial contribution by the IOC. B) Moving from an event-based program to a sport-based program C) Changing the candidature procedure to allow for proposal that better fit the long-term planning needs of the location of a candidate city D) All of these were key changes announced by the IOC
B
One of the fastest-growing sponsorship platforms is A) athlete sponsorship. B) facility sponsorship, most notably in the form of naming rights agreements. C) team sponsorship. D) media sponsorship
B
People with disabilities are often denied fundamental human rights and opportunities to education, health care, employment, and sport. Approximately what proportion of people with disabilities live in low- and middle-income countries?A) 35% B) 80% C) 45% D) 75%
B
Redmandarin is a London-based sport marketing agency that focuses on advising corporations on how to maximize their involvement with sponsorship opportunities. As such, Redmandarin is known as A) a full-service agency. B) a specialized agency. C) an in-house agency. D) an incorporated agency.
B
Return on investment (ROI) in the sport sponsorship world is defined as A) the interest rate and gain realized from financial investments. B) meeting the company's specific marketing and sales objectives in some measurable way. C) financial gain the company realizes as a result of their sponsorship. D) financial gain the sport team realizes as a result of their sponsorship.
B
The International Day for Sport for Development and Peace A) January 10 B) April 6 C) June 14 D) October 5
B
The International Olympic Committee was founded in A) 1870. B) 1894. C) 1914. D) 1933.
B
The _____ acts as the point person for the facility in managing each game or show. A) public relations director B) event director C) marketing director D) operations director
B
The most popular arrangement for a sports agent's fees is A) a flat fee. B) a percentage of compensation. C) an hourly rate. D) an hourly rate with a compensation cap.
B
The organizations involved in selecting athletes and coaches to represent a country in international competition and responsible for promoting sport at all levels in a given country. A) National Olympic Committees (NOCs). B) International Federations (IFs). C) National Governing Bodies (NGBs). D) None of these are correct.
B
The reserve system in Major League Baseball was A) a rule that allowed the designated hitter to only hit and not field. B) a rule that limited a player from seeking access to a free and open market. C) a rule that allowed the players to serve in the army reserve. D) a rule that allowed arbitration of player disputes.
B
The touring of star athletes and teams to promote the popularity of a particular sport were A) baseball games. B) barnstorming tours. C) started by George Halas and the Chicago Bears. D) used to promote the sport of soccer in the early 1900s.
B
What does a commissioner need as part of the skill set? A) Legal degree B) Ability to delegate C) Sport skills D) Accounting degree
B
When a sport marketing and event management agency limits either the scope of services performed or the type of clients serviced, it is known as A) a full-service agency. B) a specialized agency. C) an in-house agency. D) an incorporated agency.
B
When a sport organization wants to minimize expenses and reach only those people the organization wants to reach, they should use which sales method? A) Inside Sales B) Direct (e)mail solicitations C) Personal selling D) On-site sales
B
When negotiating an endorsement contract the agent should be certain to maintain the client's exclusive rights and control over his or her A) uniform that they will wear. B) image and other endorsements. C) lines that they will speak in a commercial. D) None of these are correct.
B
Which North American professional sport league became the first of the big four to announce the creation of an eSports league? A) NBA B) NHL C) MLB D) NFL
B
Which of the following is NOT one of the conferences within the Power 5 conferences. A) Pac-12 B) Big East C) Big Ten D) Atlantic Coast
B
Which of the following is not one of the philosophy principles followed by Division I institutions? A) Strive for regional and national prominence B) Maximize the number and variety of athletic opportunities available to students C) Strive to finance its athletics program through revenues generated D) Recognize the dual objectives of serving both the university or college community and the general public
B
Which of the following is not one of the three main components in the basic purpose of the NCAA: A) athletics as a level playing field B) the athlete as part of the student body C) the distinction between intercollegiate athletics and professional sports D) athletics as part of the educational program, mission of the University
B
Which of the following statements about market research is true? A) Sport organizations require market research to evaluate the success of events and initiatives. B) Market research is particularly crucial for corporations wanting to know the impact of their sponsorship activities. C) Market research is usually handled by sport marketing agencies that specialize in market research. D) All of these are correct.
B
Who is known as the first sports agent? A) George Herman B) C. C. Pyle C) Christy Walsh D) Bill Hayes
B
Zero-base budgeting requires A) accounting for the receipt and timing of all sources and expenditures of cash. B) a review of all activities and related costs of an event as if it were the first time. C) informing the manager of the cash amount needed to pay expenses at predetermined times. D) usage of last year's budget with only minor changes being allowed.
B
______ are public assembly facilities primarily utilized for the presentation of live artistic entertainment. A) Stadiums B) Theaters C) Convention centers D) Arenas
B
________________ has emerged as a method for leagues to establish themselves in a manner that avoids antitrust liability and creates centralized fiscal control. A) The labor exemption B) The single-entity structure C) The corporate governance model D) Revenue sharing
B
A common tool used by events to reduce the potential for a lawsuit is A) employing volunteers as full-time employees. B) not allowing minors to participate in the event. C) using a waiver and release of liability form. D) holding parents responsible for their child's involvement in an event.
C
A sport marketing and event management agency is defined as a business A) that acts on behalf of athletes only. B) that acts on behalf of sport teams only. C) initially established to represent the legal and marketing interests of athletes. D) that runs sports events only.
C
All of the following are major advantages to private management of public assembly facilities except A) easier event booking. B) operational efficiencies. C) better sport team performance. D) labor negotiation resources.
C
Direct (e)mail solicitations are advantageous in that they provide an opportunity to A) verbally explain the sales offer. B) counteract objections and answer questions. C) measure the effectiveness of the direct (e)mail campaign. D) all of these are correct.
C
Historically, the sales process placed an emphasis on A) identifying and satisfying consumers' wants and needs. B) developing long-term relationships with consumers and corporate partners. C) filling seats through the mass dissemination of free tickets to attract fans. D) emphasized pre-sales training to sales personnel so they were properly trained before dealing with customers.
C
In measuring return-on-investment (ROI) from sport sponsorships, companies have used all of the following methods except A) periodic consumer surveys. B) professional research companies such as Sponsorship Research International (SRi). C) QScores scale. D) sales/promotion bounceback measures.
C
In the Olympic organizational structure what entity serves to advise the IOC on the role of sport in society? A) Sport for All Commission B) Sport for Development and Peace Commission C) Sport and Active Society Commission D) Sport in Society Commission
C
Modern arenas and stadiums have directly helped owners to maximize revenues through all of the following except A) preferred seating. B) parking. C) modernized locker rooms. D) additional sponsorship opportunities.
C
One element that distinguishes sport sales from the selling of other traditional consumer products or services is A) the value of the product or service. B) the price of the product or service. C) the presence of emotion. D) the facility in which the game is being held.
C
One of the first agents to represent individual athletes and a pioneer of the sport marketing industry is A) Edwin Land. B) David Falk. C) Mark H. McCormack. D) Walt Disney.
C
Providing a satisfying experience for all stakeholders (participants, spectators, media, and sponsors) of an event is called A) fund-raising. B) advertising. C) hospitality. D) public relations.
C
Public assembly facilities have existed since A) the early 1900s. B) the invention of baseball in the Elysian fields of the 1840s. C) ancient times. D) medieval times.
C
The "escalator concept" is used when the sport organization is participating in A) benefit selling. B) aftermarketing. C) up-selling. D) eduselling.
C
The Professional Golf Association (PGA) restricts individual golfers from entering into endorsement unless it is A) related to golf only. B) with companies that sponsor the PGA tour. C) "in good taste." D) does not conflict with the LPGA.
C
The USOC (U.S. Olympic Committee) is an example of A) an IOC Session. B) a National Governing Body. C) a National Organizing Committee. D) an International Federation.
C
The ______ is responsible for landing and scheduling events for a facility. A) public relations director B) event director C) booking director D) marketing director
C
The difference between the economic impact upon a municipality by a convention center as opposed to a stadium or arena built for housing sporting events is A) business events lead to higher spending. B) sporting events lead to higher spending. C) the increased presence of visitor spending within a municipality. D) visitors receive the benefits of a convention center.
C
The entities responsible for selecting representatives for the Olympic Games as well as developing athletes and supporting high-performance sport programs.A) International Sport Federations B) Organizing Committees C) National Olympic Committees D) Professional Sport Leagues
C
The formation within major corporations of separate departments or divisions dealing with event management is called A) a full-service agency. B) a specialized agency. C) an in-house agency. D) an incorporated agency.
C
The largest revenue source for European football clubs. A) Broadcast B) Commercial C) Match-day D) Donations
C
The most devastating problem that an athlete may have with his agent is probably A) inability to reach the agent when an important situation arises. B) the agent signs the player to an endorsement contract for a product or service he does not use. C) income mismanagement. D) the agent not being a lawyer.
C
The sale of licensed merchandise, items that display an event's name or logo, is beneficial for the event promoter for what type of event? A) Small, local events such as a 10K road race B) Events involving popular sports such as a high school football game C) Large, televised, multiday events D) All events regardless of size or local, regional, or national appeal.
C
The three models for a sport agency business does not includes A) a freestanding sport management firm. B) a law practice only. C) a sport management firm affiliated with a players association. D) a sport management firm affiliated with a law firm.
C
What element helps drive _moneyball_? A) Marketing B) Efficiency C) Free agency D) Endorsements
C
What percentage of NBA television revenues and merchandise sales come from foreign markets? A) 5% of each B) 20% of each C) 40% of each D) 12% of each
C
Which of the following is a true statement regarding women's participation in collegiate sports? A) Women quickly became involved in college athletics as they enjoyed the competitive nature of the games. B) The very first association to govern women's college sports was formed during World War II when women were competing in sports because the men were overseas fighting in the war. C) The very first intercollegiate sport competition for women was in the sport of basketball in 1892, but the rules were changed from the men's game to make it more appropriate for women to play. D) Women's college sports have always been governed by the NCAA.
C
Who was the "endorsement king of the pre-Michael Jordan era?" A) Red Grange B) Carl Yastrzemski C) Arnold Palmer D) Bart Starr
C
______ are almost always publicly owned facilities built to lure business meetings to a municipality. A) Stadiums B) Theaters C) Convention centers D) Arenas
C
eSports will soon pass what level of revenue worldwide? A) $250 million B) $500 million C) $1 billion D) $2 billion
C
A collective bargaining agreement covers A) wages. B) hours. C) terms and conditions of employment. D) All of these are correct.
D
A more professional focus of running events started to take place during the late 1800s. The catalyst for such a professional focus emphasis occurred due to A) the multitude of events that were occurring. B) the number of career opportunities. C) television's impact on events. D) a desire to increase profits.
D
A winter sport that combines elements of ice hockey, soccer, and field hockey. A) Floorball B) Pesapallo C) Hurling D) Bandy
D
American football is played in how many countries? A) 3 B) 38 C) 57 D) 73
D
An international reach has been developed recently by which professional sport? A) Darts B) Billiards C) Bandy D) Surfing
D
As a general rule, league revenues include which of the following? A) Local broadcasting revenues B) Stadium sponsorships C) Preferred seat sales D) None of these are correct.
D
Family events in sports facilities target what age range? A) grandparents and teens. B) teens and young adults. C) infants to young adults. D) toddlers to tweens.
D
For a career as a sports agent, a person who simply runs sporting events rather than representing players is a A) sports event manager. B) sports agent. C) account executive. D) sports marketing representative.
D
In the context of sport for development and peace, sport refers to: A) Organized sports B) Indigenous sports and games C) Play D) All of these
D
International Management Group (IMG) was founded in 1960 by A) Leigh Steinberg B) Arnold Palmer C) David Dunn D) Mark McCormack
D
International federations A) are the international governing bodies for one or several sports throughout the world. B) are nongovernmental organizations recognized by the IOC to administer one or more sports at the world level and encompassing organizations administering such sports at the national level. C) must petition for formal recognition by the IOC and must apply the Olympic Movement Anti-Doping Code and conduct effective out-of-competition tests in accordance with the established rules. D) All of these are correct.
D
More and more corporations are directing a portion of their sport sponsorship spending to multicultural marketing because of A) the ability of international audiences to resonate with consumers both in the United States and foreign countries. B) the expanding market of ethnic consumers. C) the increasing globalization of sport. D) All of these are correct.
D
National Governing Bodies are A) the federations governing sports throughout the world. B) the organizing committees for host cities. C) the national Olympic organizing committees in each individual country. D) the organizations governing a specific sport within each individual country.
D
Numerous event organizers purchase insurance that can cover A) impacts of inclement weather. B) potential financial losses. C) coverage for buildings or other structures/contents.. D) all of these.
D
One major reason why Adidas partnered with world soccer's most recognizable superstar, Lionel Messi, was the ability to tap into the A) male demographic. B) middle class demographic. C) female and family demographic. D) global soccer fan base.
D
One of the most effective sales promotion tools often used with a new product to induce consumers to try a product is A) coupons. B) point-of-purchase marketing. C) contests and sweepstakes. D) sampling.
D
Over their lifetimes, the top earning athletes are: A) Maria Sharapova, Billie Jean King, and Michael Jordan B) Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, and Serena Williams C) Michael Jordan, Maria Sharapova, and Tiger Woods D) Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, and Arnold Palmer
D
Reasons for the tremendous growth in sport sponsorship over the past three decades include A) the commercial success of the Los Angeles Olympics. B) the increased media interest in sport. C) sponsorship being viewed as a way for companies to break through the clutter of traditional advertising. D) All of these are correct.
D
Remaining in constant communication with customers, and displaying a vested interest in achieving customers' business goals is an example of a sport organization participating in A) benefit selling. B) aftermarketing. C) up-selling. D) eduselling.
D
Sales promotions in sport sponsorships are designed to A) be long-term promotional activities. B) acquire customer loyalty among young fans. C) drive sales over the long term. D) stimulate immediate product demand.
D
Sales promotions may be aimed at A) increasing brand awareness. B) broadening the sales distribution channels for their product or service. C) getting new consumers to sample their product or service. D) All of these are correct.
D
Sport events typically seek advertising of their event through A) purchasing on-air advertising time. B) none; costs too much money to advertise. C) in-house marketing strategies and activities. D) trade in-kind sponsorships with media outlets.
D
Tank Black is A) the name of a team in the now defunct XFL Football League. B) the name of a famous football play executed by Red Grange at the height of his career. C) the name of a secret United States government weapon. D) a football agent who was sentenced to 5 years in prison for swindling NFL players he represented.
D
The IOC is governed by a General Assembly. Which of the following is not one of the important decisions made by members of the IOC during the General Assembly? A) Which City/County will host future Olympic and Paralympic Games B) Which companies should be recruited as TOP sponsors. C) Which sports will be competed in at future Olympic Games D) All of these are important decisions made by the General Assembly.
D
The International Olympic Committee runs its headquarters in A) England. B) Canada. C) Wales. D) Switzerland.
D
The NFL settled lawsuits concerning concussions possibly leading to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia, due to head trauma they received while playing professional football. How much was the final settlement amount? A) $250 million B) $500 million C) $750 million D) $1 billion E) $2 billion
D
The founder of the modern Olympic Games in 1894 was A) William Hulbert. B) Fred Corcoran. C) Henry Mitchell McCracken. D) Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
D
The function of client marketing involves A) locating appropriate endorsement opportunities for clients. B) developing entertainment extensions for clients. C) booking personal appearances for clients. D) All of these are correct.
D
The growth in televised sports has led to A) the creation of television production divisions within some of the larger sport agencies. B) the creation of new sport events. C) the increase in potential revenue streams from television. D) All of these are correct.
D
The main nonsport events for stadiums are A) political conventions. B) arts and crafts shows. C) the circus. D) concerts given by performers.
D
The response to an impasse in labor negotiations is usually A) a strike. B) a lockout. C) a court order to force collective bargaining. D) a strike and a lockout. E) a lockout and a court order to force collective bargaining.
D
The two players who staged a joint holdout for a higher salary were A) Red Grange and Jim Thorpe. B) Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier. C) Mickey Mantle and Roger Maris. D) Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale.
D
This Sport for Development and Peace organization delivers landmine risk education through soccer in areas affected by conflict in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. A) Waves for Change B) Street League C) Moving the Goalposts D) Spirit of Soccer
D
Today, there is a much higher level of sophistication and understanding of the sales process and its importance to the overall success of any sport organization due to A) the influx of professionally trained sport marketers. B) the continued evolution of sport management and marketing as a scientific discipline. C) the ever-increasing competition for the consumer's entertainment dollar. D) All of these are correct.
D
What league first created the position of commissioner to govern the best interests of the sport? A) National Hockey League B) National Football League C) Major League Baseball D) National Basketball Association
D
What organization runs sport events which have a value-added aspect for sponsors such as Red Bull? A) NFL B) Octopush C) MLB D) UFC MMC
D
What other channel can sport organizations and governing bodies use to access consumers other than traditional media broadcasting (TV and radio)? A) Broadcasting user-generated highlights via popular video-sharing sites such as YouTube B) Using social-networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. C) Livestreaming games via websites. D) All of these are correct.
D
When teams use Flex books, or undated coupons that can be redeemed for tickets to future games of the customers' choosing, they are using which sales approach? A) Benefit selling B) Aftermarketing C) Up-selling D) Eduselling
D
Which of the following is a critical issue associated with the globalization of sport? A) Cross-Border Player Migration B) Sport and the Environment C) The Power of the Sport Media D) All of these are correct.
D
Which of the following is an example of the "membership model" of sports ticket sales A) Provide benefits to fans on a year-round basis, not just during the season. B) In addition to season tickets, providing the fan with exclusive merchandise. C) Alter the fans' perspective on the commitment they are making by buying sport tickets. D) All of these.
D
Which of the following is not a function performed by a sport agent? A) Negotiating and administering the athlete's or coaches contract B) Marketing C) Financial planning D) Negotiating the collective bargaining contract for the player or coach
D
Which of the following is not a revenue that is shared under league revenue-sharing systems? A) Expansion fees when new teams enter the league B) National television revenue C) Gate receipts at individual games D) Luxury seating revenue
D
Which one does not describe the ways that players associations support players? A) Providing them with salary and contract data. B) Providing them with information to support negotiations. C) Providing them with guidance in salary and labor arbitration. D) Providing them with equipment and instruction to enable them to perform at the highest possible level.
D
______ act primarily as in-house advertising agents for the various events booked into facilities. A) Public relations directors B) Event directors C) Booking directors D) Marketing directors
D
______ are indoor facilities with the primary purpose of hosting sporting and entertainment events. A) Stadiums B) Theaters C) Convention centers D) Arenas
D
In baseball Statcast can measure what types of performance? A) The exit velocity or speed of a ball coming off of a player's bat B) The first step of an outfielder's route to a fly ball C) The speed in miles per hour that an outfielder ran to a fly ball D) The time and distance an outfielder took to get to the spot where a fly ball would land. E) Allofthese
E
Professional golfers must earn a right to compete on the PGA Tour annually. How do professional golfers qualify for the PGA Tour? A) After a golfer finishes in the top 25 in the qualifying tournament known as Q-School, he moves up to the developmental Web.com Tour. B) The best players move up through the ranks on the Web.com Tour. C) Players who make the cut move straight from the Web.com Tour to the PGA Tour. D) Veteran players can maintain their qualifications based on their prior year's performance on the PGA Tour. E) All of these are steps that enable a golfer to qualify for the PGA Tour in any given year.
E
The NFL Trust is responsible for which of the following activities? A) Ownership of all team logos and trademarks. B) Oversight and administration of the league's properties rights. C) Distribution of revenue for league properties rights to each club. D) All of these are correct. E) Oversight and administration of the league's properties rights and distribution of revenue for league properties rights to each club.
E
