Questions answered wrong on quizes

What is a key characteristic of knowledge?

"new" Knowledge can be derived from "old" knowledge.

A key characteristic of knowledge

"new" knowledge can be derived from "old" knowledge. Let's summarize some key points: • Data constitutes the building blocks of information. • Information is produced by processing data. • Information is used to reveal the meaning of data. • Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to good decision making. • Good decision making is the key to organizational survival in a global environment.

query

, a query is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation—for example, to read or update the data. Simply put, a query is a question, and an ad hoc query is a spur-of-the-moment question. The DBMS sends back an answer (called the query result set) to the application. For example, when dealing with large amounts of sales data, end users might want quick answers to questions (ad hoc queries). So

Data quality

A comprehensive approach to ensuring the accuracy, validity, and timeliness of data.

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

A set of tools that provide advanced data analysis for retrieving, processing, and modeling data from the data warehouse.

The ________ receives all application requests and translates them into the complex operations required to fulfill requests.

DBMS

analytical database

In contrast, an analytical database focuses primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used exclusively for tactical or strategic decision making. Such analysis typically requires extensive "data massaging" (data manipulation) to produce informa- tion on which to base pricing decisions, sales forecasts, market strategies, and so on.

raw data must be

Keep in mind that raw data must be properly formatted for storage, processing, and presentation.

location database classification

Location might also be used to classify the database. For example, a database that supports data located at a single site is called a centralized database. A database that supports data distributed across several different sites is called a distributed database. The extent to which a database can be distributed and the way in which such distribu- tion is managed are addressed in detail in Chapter 12, Distributed Database Manage- ment Systems.

oltp

Online Transaction Processing- records all business transactions as they occur;acts as monitor; detects process aborts;restarts aborted processes;backs out failed transaction;allows distribution of multiple copies of application servers;performs dynamic load balancing

olap

Online analytical processing the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making.

DBMS

The collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database.

physical data format

The way a computer "sees" (stores) data.

logical data format

The way in which a human being views data.

3gl

What is a Third Generation Programming Language (3GL ..

analytical databases comprise two main components:

a data warehouse and an online analytical processing front end.

data warehouse

a repository of historical data that are organized by subject to support decision makers in the organization

The design of a ________ database recognizes the use of historical and aggregated data.

a. data warehouse

business intelligence

activities and technologies for gathering, storing, and analyzing data to make better competitive decisions

A data ________ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

anomaly

A ________ focuses primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.

c. data warehouse

Human beings view data according to its ________ data format.

c. logical

file

collection of related records

operational database

collects and presents operational information in support of daily operational procedures and processes. aka online transac- tion processing (OLTP) database, transactional database, or production database.

A ____ focuses primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.

data warehouse

A data anomaly

develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully

What is the most common classification applied to a DBMS?

expected type and extent of use

data processing (DP) specialist

hired to create a computer-based system that would track data and produce required reports

A(n) ________ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.

nonprocedural language

data

raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event or object

The practical significance of data dependence is the difference between

the logical data format (how the human being views the data) and the physical data format (how the computer must work with the data). A

Another name for a production database is a ________ database.

transactional

Activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed are known as performance ________.

tuning

nosql

y up[] A new generation of database management systems that is not based on the traditional relational database model.