Quiz 1

4 Types of Eclectic Revivalist Styles

1. American Classical Revival - Roman & Greek 2. Italian Renaissance Revival - Italian Palazzos 3. Chateauesque - based on French Renaissance 4. Beaux Arts Style - Classical, Renaissance, & Baroque

2 major advances that brought new ways of building to the Industrial Revolution

1. Steel 2. Passenger elevator w/ elevator stop *Steam engine & power *Reinforced concrete

Eclectic

A mix of multiple styles, aimed to accommodate the masses (growing middle class)

The Crystal Palace

An exhibition hall built specifically for the Great Exhibition in 1851 by Joseph Paxton. The Crystal Palace is significant because it showed England's technological advancements during the Industrial Revolution, built entirely out of steel and glass. It was about 800,000 sq. ft. and was up in 8 months!

What are the main differences between Chicago Style and NYC Style Skyscrapers?

Chicago - classical, boxy, Romanesque, steel frame, 3 part window system; building depicted as classical column (base on bottom, shaft, capital on top) New York - towers rise out of multi-story base, taller buildings, Neo-Gothic Style

What does the Beaux Arts period style emphasize? And represent?

It emphasizes symmetry, classical elements, arches, flat roof, continuous cornice, statuary, columns and a monochromatic color scheme. It's based on the academic knowledge of classical, Renaissance, & Baroque Styles

The Eiffel Tower

It was designed by Gustave Eiffel to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. Made of over 18,000 pieces of iron, it was the entrance to the Exhibition Universelle in Paris, and was suppose to be demolished 20 years later. It got horrible feedback.

What is the Ecole des Beaux Arts?

Paris Ecole des Beaux Arts was the 1st true professional school of architecture, which is now a model for today's architectural programs.

The Columbian Exposition

The World's Fair, which took place in Chicago in 1893, celebrated the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World. It was known as "The White City". The world's first ferris wheel was built for this, 250 ft. in diameter.

What was the purpose behind the 19th Century Expositions?

To bring people from around the world to see showcases of the latest & greatest innovations in art, design, technology, etc. It was also a means of entertainment.