Quiz 1 (Chapters 1 & 3)

Bacteria carry out bidirectional replication of their single chromosome by using _____ replisomes that each contain _____ DNA polymerase enzymes.

2;4 WRONG; Whats the answer?

Though not all members of this kingdom fit into one of the following three groups, many can be categorized as being methanogens, halophiles, or thermophiles, including hyperthermophiles.

Archaea

Viruses

Are not considered cells

An ecosytem can be depicted by the simplified food chain shown; autotrophs form the foundation of the ecosystem, above them are different levels of heterotrophs (e.g., herbivores, carnivores). Heterotrophs and autotrophs both eventually become fodder for the decomposers that break down dead organic material. Among statements A, B, and C, which is false?

Autotrophs comprise only those types that can use light energy; i.e, photosynthesize.

Cell wall-containing bacteria and archaea tend to possess a slightly hypotonic interior to create a positive turgor pressure thereby helping it to maintain cell shape and form.

False

An environmental (soil) sample obtained from a temperate region was transferred to a liquid growth medium and incubated at 30°C for 24 hours, then transferred to solid growth medium in order to isolate bacteria from the original sample. Following 48 hour incubation at 30°C, the picture of the solid medium shows the results of this experiment. Which of the following statement(s) among A - D are true regarding this experiment?

I dentification of microbial types in the environmental sample could have been attempted without culturing anything.

Pasteur's work with the French wine industry proved all of the following, EXCEPT:

That microbes can cause disease.

Winogradsky and Beijerinck discovered the lithotrophic bacteria. Which is false concerning this group of bacteria?

They are a type of heterotrophic bacteria.

Cell wall-containing bacteria and archaea tend to possess a slightly hypotonic interior to create a positive turgor pressure thereby helping it to maintain cell shape and form.

True

The periplasmic space contains the peptidoglycan layer of Gram-negative bacteria.

True

Though changes were made later, the Kingdom Protista was originally formed to contain all microorganisms.

True

Unculturable microbes have been revealed through metagenomics studies. B. Archaea is a type of eukaryotic unicellular microorganism that can live in extreme conditions. C. The evolution of cyanobacteria allowed for the later evolution of cells with an aerobic metabolism. D. Certain prokaryotes are autotrophs that can obtain energy from inorganic sources like iron (Fe2+), ammonium ions (NH4+), and hydrogen (H2).

Which one of these is false?

The figure below shows Louis Pasteur and his swan-necked flask. This apparatus was used to show that

air (oxygen) does not allow spontaneous generation.

Aspirin, like many pharmaceutical drugs, can access the cell because it is a weak acid. This occurs because

as a weak acid it can cross the membrane when in its uncharged form.

Polysome formation in bacteria is able to occur because _________________.

they lack a nuclear membrane

The most abundant molecule in the cell is

water

An attenuated strain of a pathogenic bacteria or virus provided to a person...

may prevent disease in the individual by later exposure to a more virulent form of the strain.

The choices below each list three groups of organisms. For which choice, do all three groups have members that are considered microbes and are not a functional part of a multicellular organism?

microanimals, algae, archaea protozoans, fungi, bacteria Only one of these groups pick one.