Quiz 15 16 17

Test your knowledge about the structural differences between the somatic motor nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. 1. Preganglionic axons are myelinated; postganglionic axons are unmyelinated: ANS or SMNS 2. Uses only one neuron to reach target: ANS or SMNS 3. Requires two neurons to reach target: ANS or SMNS 4. Only one synapse between the neuron and the target: ANS or SMNS 5. Conscious and unconscious regulation of skeletal muscle: ANS or SMNS 6. Unconscious regulation of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands: ANS or SMNS

1. Autonomic nervous system Correct 2. Somatic motor nervous system Correct 3. Autonomic nervous system Correct 4. Somatic motor nervous system Correct 5. Somatic motor nervous system Correct 6. Autonomic nervous system

Match the taste sensation to the chemical trigger. Some choices may be used more than once or not at all. 1. Na+ 2. Acidic compounds 3. Sugars, some other carbohydrates, and some proteins 4. Alkaloids/base compounds 5. Amino acid glutamate and related compounds 6. Artificial sweeteners 7. Beef Choices: Sweet; Sour; Salty; Bitter; Umami

1. Salty 2. Sour 3. Sweet 4. Bitter 5. Umami 6. Sweet 7. Umami

Typically, an adult's body contains [blank] of blood. Multiple Choice 1 liter 2 liters 5 liters 10 liters 12 liters

5 liters

What is the correct order through which sound travels in the inner ear? 1. endolymph of cochlear duct 2. round window 3. perilymph of scala vestibule 4. vestibular membrane 5. oval window 6. perilymph of scala tympani 7. basilar membrane

5, 3, 4, 1, 7, 6, 2

The normal pH of blood is: Multiple Choice 6.95-7.05 7.05-7.15 7.15-7.25 7.25-7.35 7.35-7.45

7.35-7.45

What may be the cause of hyperopia? Multiple Choice A long eyeball An uneven cornea A short eyeball

A short eyeball

Which of the following is represented in the figure? Multiple Choice Cervicosacral (parasympathetic) outflow Craniothoracic (sympathetic) outflow Craniosacral (parasympathetic) outflow Cervicolumbar (parasympathetic) outflow

Craniosacral (parasympathetic) outflow

Which of the following parasympathetic nerves controls the production of tears, nasal secretions, and saliva? Multiple Choice Oculomotor nerve (CN III) Facial nerve (CN VII) Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) Vagus nerve (CN X)

Facial nerve (CN VII)

How many types of adrenergic receptors are there? Multiple Choice Two Three Four Five

Five

Which of the following hormones primarily affects the reproductive organs? Multiple Choice Follicle-stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone Melatonin Thyrotropin Growth hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone

What ion is responsible for depolarization of hair cells of the spiral organ? Multiple Choice Na+ Ca2+ Cl- K+

K+

Which disorder of refraction is corrected with a concave lens? Multiple Choice Presbyopia Myopia Hyperopia Astigmatism

Myopia

Which of the following terms describes axons from many preganglionic cells synapsing on a single ganglionic cell? Multiple Choice Ganglionic communication Ganglionic divergence Neuronal divergence Neuronal convergence

Neuronal convergence

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions? Multiple Choice Pancreas Anterior pituitary Liver Thyroid gland Pineal gland

Pancreas

What does the red highlighted structure represent? Multiple Choice Sympathetic component of vagus n. General sensory distribution of vagus n. Parasympathetic component of vagus n. Motor component of vagus n. Vagal ganglia

Parasympathetic component of vagus n.

What structure is attached to the oval window and transfers vibration of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear? Multiple Choice Incus Pinna Malleus Stapes

Stapes

What is the most numerous type of receptor? Multiple Choice Tactile receptors Chemoreceptors Photoreceptors Proprioceptors

Tactile receptors

Which of the following is represented in the figure? Multiple Choice Cervicosacral (parasympathetic) outflow Craniothoracic (sympathetic) outflow Craniosacral (parasympathetic) outflow Cervicolumbar (parasympathetic) outflow Thoracolumbar (sympathetic) outflow

Thoracolumbar (sympathetic) outflow

Secretion of insulin causes Multiple Choice a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose. a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose. an increase in the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose. an increase in the concentration of blood glucose.

a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose.

Outer hair cells, near the center of the basilar membrane, will Multiple Choice magnify vibrations of soft sounds. sharpen pitch perception. dampen basilar membrane vibrations. decrease basilar membrane displacement. both magnify vibrations of soft sounds and sharpen pitch perception.

both magnify vibrations of soft sounds and sharpen pitch perception

To view close objects, the ciliary muscle will _____, the suspensory ligament will _____, and the lens will become more _______. Multiple Choice contract; tighten; rounded contract; loosen; rounded relax; tighten; flattened relax; loosen; flattened

contract; loosen; rounded

The pancreas has pancreatic islets composed of primarily alpha and beta cells. Alpha cells secrete Multiple Choice insulin. somatostatin. glucagon. pancreatic polypeptide.

glucagon.

Norepinephrine (NE) Multiple Choice always has an inhibitory effect on the effector. has either an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the effector. always has an excitatory effect on the effector.

has either an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the effector.

The cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic division are located Multiple Choice in the brainstem. in the lateral gray matter of the S2-S4 spinal cord segments. in the lateral horns of the T1-L2 spinal cord segments. in the lateral gray matter of the S1-S2 spinal cord segments.

in the lateral horns of the T1-L2 spinal cord segments.

Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) would cause the pancreas to _________ insulin secretion, and hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) would cause the pancreas to _________ insulin secretion. Multiple Choice increase; increase decrease; decrease increase; decrease decrease; increase

increase; decrease

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system Multiple Choice does not use receptors. may have a longer lasting effect. takes only seconds. is not essential to life. None of these are correct.

may have a longer lasting effect.

A hormone is a ______ and the target cell is __________. Multiple Choice protein that stimulates other cells; the source of hormone secretions regulatory molecule that controls secretions of other cells; a cell that synthesizes hormones molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones None of these are correct.

molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones

The most abundant type of leukocytes are: Multiple Choice monocytes endophils basophils none of the above

neutrophils

The pancreas is mostly composed of groups of cells called Multiple Choice pancreatic acini. pancreatic islets. alpha groups. beta groups.

pancreatic acini.

Blood is a fluid connective tissue composed of formed Multiple Choice elements and: interstitial fluid arteriovenal fluid plasma cytoplasm none of the above

plasma

After the thalamus, auditory nerve signals reach the Multiple Choice medial geniculate nucleus. inferior colliculus. primary auditory cortex. cochlear nucleus.

primary auditory cortex.

Tropic hormones Multiple Choice function in only one sex. stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones. block the actions of hormones that endocrine glands secrete. function only under certain environmental conditions.

stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones.

Which of the following is not a formed element? Multiple Choice platelet leukocyte erythrocyte thrombophage all of the above are formed elements

thrombophage

The endocrine gland that is devoted entirely to endocrine activities and has a distinctive butterfly shape is the Multiple Choice thyroid gland. adrenal gland. pancreas. thymus.

thyroid gland.

The motor division of the autonomic nervous system has ___________neuron(s) in each pathway. Multiple Choice one two three four

two