Quiz 9

A client's primary care provider has ordered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a screening measure for diabetes. Which of the following instructions should the client be given? A) "The lab tech will give you a sugar solution and then measure your blood sugar levels at specified intervals." B) "You'll have to refrain from eating after midnight and then go to the lab to have your blood taken first thing in the morning." C) "They'll take a blood sample and see how much sugar is attached to your red blood cells." D) "You can go to the lab at any time; just tell the technician when you last ate before they draw a blood sample."

A. "The lab tech will give you a sugar solution and them measure your blood sugar levels at specified intervals."

The nurse is reviewing assessment data on four clients. Select the client at highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes. A) A 45 year-old obese female with a sedentary lifestyle B) A 10-year-old male whose grandmother has type 2 diabetes C) A 60-year-old female with a history of gestational diabetes D) A 40-year old male who has an active lifestyle

A. A 45-year-old obese female with a sedentary lifestyle

Which of the following clients would be considered to be exhibiting manifestations of "prediabetes"? A) A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with follow- up OGTT of 189 mg/dL. B) A school-aged child who had a blood glucose level of 115 following lunch. C) A retired female registered nurse with a fasting plasma glucose level of 92 mg/dL. D) An elderly client who got "light-headed" when he skipped his lunch. Blood glucose level was 60 mg/dL at this time.

A. A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about medications that will increase the blood glucose level. The most important information for the nurse to provide would be: Select all that apply. A) Antipsychotics B) Loop diuretics C) Insulin D) Vitamins E) Total parenteral nutrition F) Oral contraceptives

A. Antipsychotics B. Loop diuretics E. Total parenteral nutrition F. Oral contraceptives

The results of a 44-year-old obese man's recent diagnostic workup have culminated in a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes underlies the client's new diagnosis? A) Beta cell exhaustion due to long-standing insulin resistance B) Destruction of beta cells that is not attributable to autoimmunity C) T-lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivity reactions D) Actions of insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) and islet cell autoantibodies (ICAs)

A. Beta cell exhaustion due to long-standing insulin resistance

In type 1 diabetes mellitus the cause is: A) Beta cells fail to secrete insulin B) Glucose cannot enter cells C) Hypersecretion of pancreatic enzymes D) Increased blood glucose

A. Beta cells fail to secrete insulin

Which of the following comorbidities represent the greatest risk for the development of foot ulcers in a diabetic client? Select all that apply. A) Bilateral distal loss of pain sensation B) Previous incidents of diabetic ketoacidosis with blood glucose levels of 400 mg/dL C) Diabetic renal problems with severely decreased GFR D) Motor neuropathy related to improperly fitted shoes E) Smoking history averaging 2 packs/day

A. Bilateral distal loss of pain sensation D. Motor neuropathy related to improperly fitted shoes E. Smoking history averaging 2 packs/day

A diabetic client presents to the clinic. He is concerned his lower legs are "feeling funny." Which of the following assessment findings lead the health care provider to suspect the client may have developed somatic neuropathy? Select all that apply. A) Both legs appear to be the same as far as numbness is involved. B) Bilateral cool ankles and feet. C) Right foot has a diminished perception of vibration; left foot is normal. D) With eyes closed, the client cannot identify where the HCP is touching his feet. E) One leg has a reddened area in the calf and has a positive Homan sign.

A. Both legs appear to be the same as far as numbness is involved B. Bilateral cool ankles and feet D. With eyes closed, the client cannot identify where the HCP is touching his feet

The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for HHS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state). The nurse is aware that the client should be assessed for: A) Cerebral edema B) Polyuria C) Glycosuria D) Dehydration

A. Cerebral edema

A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic client has been prescribed metformin. When explaining the actions of this medication, the nurse should include which statement? This medication: A) Inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to the actions of insulin B) Blocks the action of intestinal brush border enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates C) Increases insulin sensitivity in the insulin-responsive tissues—liver, skeletal muscle, and fat—allowing the tissues to respond to endogenous insulin more efficiently D) Acts like a hormone released into the circulation by the gastrointestinal tract after a meal, especially one high in carbohydrates, which amplify the glucose-induced release of insulin

A. Inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to the actions of insulin

The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes would be confirmed by: A) Insulin is not available for use by the body B) Insulin is present in large amounts for use by the body C) Small amounts of insulin are produced daily D) Insulin is produced but unavailable for use in the body

A. Insulin is not available for use by the body

A client is brought to the emergency department with a suspected diagnosis of DKA (diabetic keto acidosis). Select the assessment/diagnostic data to confirm the diagnosis. Select all that apply. A) Low serum bicarbonate B) Positive urine ketones C) Hypoglycemia D) Negative serum ketones E) High arterial pH

A. Low serum bicarbonate B. Postive urine ketones

A diabetic client was visiting the endocrinologist for annual checkup. The client's blood work reveals an increased level of which lab result that reveals early signs of diabetic nephropathy? A) Microalbuminuria B) Oliguria C) Hypokalemia D) Hyperlipidemia

A. Microalbuminuria

Select the most common symptoms of diabetes. Select all that apply. A) Polyphagia B) Polydipsia C) Polyhydramnios D) Polyuria E) Polycythemia

A. Polyphagia B. Polydipsia D. Polyuria

What is the effect of glucagon? A) Raise blood sugar B) Lower blood sugar C) Raise sodium levels in the blood D) Lower sodium levels in the blood

A. Raise blood sugar

A client with type 2 diabetes has routine lab work, which reveals elevated free fatty acids (FFA). The client asks, "Why is this significant?" The most accurate response would be: Select all that apply. A) This may increase the amount of triglyceride (a form of fat) stored in your liver or around your heart. B) Your pancreas is affected by increased fat (lipotoxicity), which causes beta cell dysfunction, leading to the need for insulin. C) Excess fat in the liver causes a decrease in hepatic glucose production leading to severe hypoglycemia. D) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may lead to needing a liver transplant. E) Excess fatty acids may interfere with the way your body responds to an infection.

A. This may increase the amount of triglyceride (a form of fat) stored in your liver or around your heart B. Your pancreas is affected by increased fat (lipotoxicity), which causes beta cell dysfunction, leading to the need for insulin

Type 2 DM is more common than type 1 DM. A) True B) False

A. True

A client is admitted in the ICU with diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). The nurse caring for the client knows that the client's elevated serum osmolality has pulled water out of this brain cells based on which of the following assessment findings? Select all that apply. A) Weakness one side of the body B) After the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked, the toes flex and flare out C) Increase in urine output in proportion to the increase in blood glucose D) Unable to respond verbally to questions E) Uncontrollable twitching of a muscle group

A. Weakness one side of the body B. After the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked, the toes flex and flare out D. Unable to respond verbally to questions E. Uncontrollable twitching of a muscle group

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been instructed about managing his condition with diet. The nurse determines further teaching is necessary when the client states: A) "I need to limit the amount of foods that I eat that contain trans fats." B) "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads." C) "I can drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily without concern for calories." D) "I need to avoid adding salt to my foods."

B. "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads."

The mother of a 2-year-old newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks why insulin has to be given by injection. The best response by the nurse is: A) "When you child gets old enough, you will not have to administer injections." B)"Insulin is destroyed by the stomach contents and has to be administered by injection." C) "Your child is not old enough to swallow the pills needed to treat her diabetes." D) "Insulin needs to go directly into the vein to work best."

B. "Insulin is destroyed by the stomach contents and has to be administered by injection."

A hospital client has been complaining of increasing fatigue for several hours, and his nurse has entered his room to find him unarousable. The nurse immediately checked the client's blood glucose level (and reverified with a second blood glucose meter), which is 22 mg/dL (1.2 mmol/L). The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following? A) A snack that combines simple sugars, protein, and complex carbohydrates B) A 50% glucose solution intravenously C) Infusion of rapid-acting insulin D) An oral solution containing glucagon and simple sugars

B. A 50% glucose solution intravenously

A client with a history of diabetes presents to the emergency department following several days of polyuria and polydipsia with nausea/vomiting. On admission, the client labs show a blood glucose level of 480 mg/dL and bicarbonate level of 7.8 mEq/dL. The nurse suspects the client has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The priority intervention should include: A) Limit fluid intake to only 250 mL/4 hours. B) Begin a loading dose of IV regular insulin followed by a continuous insulin infusion. C) Give at least 50 units of regular insulin IV stat and recheck blood glucose in 2 hours. D) Push a stat dose of bicarbonate followed by a double-dose (loading) of metformin.

B. Begin a loading dose of IV regular insulin followed by a continuous insulin infusion

The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for HHS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state). The nurse is aware that the client should be assessed for: A) Polyuria B) Cerebral edema C) Dehydration D) Glycosuria

B. Cerebral edema

Diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of acquired blindness in the United States, is characterized by retinal: A) Glaucoma B) Hemorrhages C) Dehydration D) Infections

B. Hemorrhages

While working on the med-surg floor, the nurse has a client who is experiencing an insulin reaction. The client is conscious and can follow directions. The most appropriate intervention would be: A) Call the physician and wait for him or her to respond to give you orders of what he or she prefers you do for this client. B) Immediately administer 15 g of glucose (preferably via oral route if the client is alert enough to swallow) and wait for 15 minutes. Then repeat this if necessary. C) Start pushing 50% glucose solution slowly and do not stop pushing until the client's repeat blood glucose level is above 100 mg/dL. D) Skip the oral glucose tablets and go directly to giving intramuscular glucagon. Repeat the glucagon in 15 minutes if the blood glucose level is not within a normal range.

B. Immediately administer 15 g of glucose (preferably via oral route if the client is alert enough to swallow) and wait for 15 minutes. Then repeat this if necessary

Which of the following insulin administration regimens is most likely to result in stable blood glucose levels for a client with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes? A) One large dose of long-acting insulin each day before breakfast B) Intermediate-acting insulin at 8:00 AM and 8:00 PM with rapid-acting insulin before each meal C) Six to eight small doses of rapid-acting insulin each day, with capillary monitoring before each D) Long-acting insulin twice daily (breakfast and bedtime), with intermediate-acting insulin in the afternoon

B. Intermediate-acting insulin at 8:00 AM and 8:00 PM with rapid-acting insulin before each meal

A client is admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with diabetic keto acidosis(DKA). The client would most likely manifest: A) Respiratory alkalosis B) Ketosis C) Hypervolemia D) Hypoglycemia

B. Ketosis

A client has been experiencing elevated blood glucose levels. The nurse anticipates that the client assessment data would include: A) Hypertension B) Polydipsia C) Moist mucous membranes D) Fasting blood sugar (FBS) 120 mg/dL

B. Polydipsia

A hospital client with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has been administered a scheduled dose of regular insulin. Which of the following effects will result from the action of insulin? A) Promotion of fat breakdown B) Promotion of glucose uptake by target cells C) Promotion of gluconeogenesis D) Initiation of glycogenolysis

B. Promotion of glucose uptake by target cells

A pregnant client asks the nurse if she is at risk for developing gestational diabetes. The nurse reviews the risk factors with the client. The most important information for the nurse to provide would be: Select all that apply. A) Family history of hypertension B) Severe obesity C) Glycosuria D) Polycystic ovary disease E) Previous low birth weight baby

B. Severe obesity C. Glycosuria D. Polycystic ovary disease

A 48-year-old male client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes presents with the following: Blood glucose level of 46 mg/dL Very lethargic Has cool, clammy skin Select the most appropriate intervention. A) Place surgared breath mints in the client's mouth B) Administer scheduled dose of insulin C) Administer injectable glucagon D) Encourage the client to sit up and drink 12 ounces of orange juice

C. Administer injectable glucagon

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been instructed about managing his condition with diet. The nurse determines further teaching is necessary when the client states: A) "I can drink 8-10 glasses of water daily without concern for calories." B) "I need to avoid adding salt to my foods." C) "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads." D) "I need to limit the amount of foods that I eat that contain trans fats."

C. "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads."

The nurse is reviewing assessment data on four clients. Select the client at highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes. A) A 60-year-old female with a history of gestational diabetes B) A 10-year-old male whose grandmother has type 2 diabetes C) A 45-year-old obese female with a sedentary lifestyle D) A 40-year-old male who has an active lifestyle

C. A 45-year-old obese female with a sedentary lifestyle

A 48-year-old male client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes presents with the following: Blood glucose level of 46 mg/dL Very lethargic Has cool, clammy skin Select the most appropriate intervention A) Encourage the client to sit up and drink 12 ounces of orange juice B) Administer scheduled dose of insulin C) Administer injectable glucagon D) Place sugared breath mints in the client's mouth

C. Administer injectable glucagon

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about medications that will increase the blood glucose level. The most important information for the nurse to provide would be: Select all that apply. A) Insulin B) Vitamins C) Antipsychotics D) Oral contraceptives E) Total parenteral nutrition F) Loop diuretics

C. Antipsychotics D. Oral contraceptives E. Total parenteral nutrition F. Loop diuretics

A client tells the health care provider that he has been very compliant over the last 2 months in the management of his diabetes .The best diagnostic indicator that would support the client's response would be: A) Capillary blood glucose sample B) Urine test C) Glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) D) Fasting blood glucose level

C. Glycoslylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)

Which of the following assessment findings of a male client constitutes a criterion for a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome? The client: A) States that he does less than 30 minutes of strenuous physical activity each week B) Has a resting heart rate between 85 and 95 beats/minute C) Has blood pressure that is consistently in the range of 150/92 mm Hg D) Has a fasting triglyceride level of 100 mg/dL

C. Has blood pressure that is consistency in the range of 150/92 mm Hg

While trying to explain the physiology behind type 2 diabetes to a group of nursing students, the instructor will mention which of the following accurate information? A) The destruction of beta cells and absolute lack of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes means that they are particularly prone to the development of diabetic complication. B) Because of the loss of insulin response, all people with type 2 diabetes require exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose levels. C) In skeletal muscle, insulin resistance prompts decreased uptake of glucose. Following meals (postprandial), glucose levels are higher due to diminished efficiency of glucose clearance. D) They have increased predisposition to other autoimmune disorders such as Graves disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Addison disease.

C. In skeletal muscle, insulin resistance prompts decreased uptake of glucose. Following meals (postprandial), glucose levels are higher due to diminished efficiency of glucose clearance

A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with diabetes about the action of insulin. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be that it: A) Decreases the storage of glucose B) Promotes breakdown of stored triglycerides C) Increases protein synthesis D) Promotes gluconeogenesis

C. Increases protein synthesis

Select the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to teach a client diagnosed with distal symmetric neuropathy related to diabetes. A) Rotate insulin injection sites once a week. B) Wear comfortable, open-toe shoes C) Inspect the feet for blisters daily D) Decrease daily walking activity

C. Inspect the feet for blisters daily

The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes would be confirmed by: A) Insulin is present in large amounts for use by the body B) Insulin is produced but unavailable for use in the body C) Insulin is not available for use by the body D) Small amounts of insulin are produced daily

C. Insulin is not available for use by the body

A client is admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with diabetic keto acidosis (DKA). The client would most likely manifest: A) Hypervolemia B) Respiratory alkalosis C) Ketosis D) Hypoglycemia

C. Ketosis

The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about rapid-acting insulin. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the client selects: A) Regular B) NPH C) Lispro D) Glargine

C. Lispro

A client is brought to the emergency department with a suspected diagnosis of DKA (diabetic keto acidosis). Select the assessment/diagnostic data to confirm the diagnosis. Select all that apply. A) Hypoglycemia B) High arterial pH C) Low serum bicarbonate D) Negative serum ketones E) Positive urine ketones

C. Low serum bicarbonate E. Positive urine ketones

Select the most common symptoms of diabetes. Select all that apply. A) Polyhydramnios B) Polycythemia C) Polyphagia D) Polydipsia E) Polyuria

C. Polyphagia D. Polydipsia E. Polyuria

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is reporting burning pain of his feet. The nurse would interpret this as: A) Intermittent claudication B) Autonomic neuropathy C) Somatic neuropathy D) Peripheral vascular disease

C. Somatic neuropathy

A client with long-standing type 2 diabetes is surprised at his high blood sugar readings while recovering from an emergency surgery. Which of the following factors may have contributed to the client's inordinately elevated blood glucose levels? A) The tissue trauma of surgery resulted in gluconeogenesis. B) Illness inhibited the release and uptake of glucagon. C) The stress of the event caused the release of cortisol. D) Sleep disruption in the hospital precipitated the dawn effect.

C. The stress of the event caused the release of cortisol

The mother of a 2-year-old newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks why insulin has to be given by injection. The best response by the nurse is: A) "Your child is not old enough to swallow the pills needed to treat her diabetes." B) "Insulin needs to go directly into the vein to work best." C) "When your child gets old enough, you will not have to administer injections." D) "Insulin is destroyed by the stomach contents and has to be administered by injection."

D. "Insulin is destroyed by the stomach contents and has to be administered by injection."

A diabetic client presents to a clinic for routine visit. Blood work reveals a HbA1C of 11.0% (high)? Which response by the patient may account for this abnormal lab result? A) "I've had more periods of hypoglycemia than usual over the past few months." B) "I've been doing great. I haven't needed much insulin coverage before meals." C) "To tell you the truth, my blood glucose levels have been pretty normal for me." D) "My meter broke so I have not been checking my blood glucose levels for a while."

D. "My meter broke so I have not been checking my blood glucose levels for a while."

The health care provider has prescribed Repaglinide 2 mg for a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The most important information for the nurse to give the client would be: A) "Use a different injection site for each injection" B) "Keep the medication refrigerated until used." C) "Adjust the dosing based on recent blood glucose readings." D) "Take the medication 15 to 30 minutes before each meal."

D. "Take the medication 15 to 30 minutes before each meal"

A young child develops type 1A diabetes. The parents ask, "They tell us this is genetic. Does that mean our other children will get diabetes?" The best response by the health care provider would be: A) "Probably not since genetically your other children have a different cellular makeup, they just might not become diabetic." B) "If you put all your children on a low-carbohydrate diet, maybe they won't get diabetes." C) "We don't know what causes diabetes, so we will just have to wait and see." D) "This autoimmune disorder causes destruction of the beta cells, placing your children at high risk of developing diabetes."

D. "This autoimmune disorder causes destruction of the bet cells, placing your children at high risk for developing diabetes"

A client with type 1 diabetes has started a new exercise routine. Knowing there may be some increase risks associated with exercise, the health care provider should encourage the client to: A) Watch for too rapid weight loss B) Monitor for respiratory disorders C) Be careful that you're not experiencing a rebound hyperglycemia D) Carry a snack with carbs to prevent profound hypoglycemia

D. Carry a snack with carbs to prevent profound hypoglycemia

Impaired and delayed healing in a person with diabetes is caused by long-term complications that include: A) Ketoacidosis B) Somogyi effect C) Fluid imbalances D) Chronic neuropathies

D. Chronic neuropathies

A client tells his health care provider that his body is changing. It used to be normal for his blood glucose to be higher during the latter part of the morning. However, now his fasting blood glucose level is elevated in the early AM (07:00). The health care provider recognizes the client may be experiencing: A) Possible stress-related hypoglycemia B) Somogyi effect C) Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) D) Dawn phenomenon

D. Dawn phenomenon

A diabetic client's most recent blood work indicated a decreased glomerular filtration rate and urine testing revealed + microalbuminuria. Which priority self-care measures should the client's care team prescribe for this client? A) Use of over-the-counter herbal products for natural diuretic properties B) Increased fluid intake to at least 2000 mL/day C) Decreased oral sugar intake to less than 5 tsp/day D) Diet, exercise, and prescriptions to lower blood pressure below 140/80 mm Hg

D. Diet, exercise, and prescriptions to lower blood pressure below 140/80 mm Hg

The best lab test to monitor how well a diabetic's blood sugar levels have been managed over time is: A) Testing for glucose in the urine B) Fasting blood glucose level C) Spot checking blood glucose levels D) Glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1C)

D. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1C)

A client tells the health care provider that he has been very compliant over the last 2 months in the management of his diabetes. The best diagnostic indicator that would support the clients response would be: A) Fasting blood glucose level B) Urine test C) Capillary blood glucose sample D) Glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C)

D. Glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)

A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with diabetes about the action of insulin. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be that it: A) Promotes breakdown of stored triglycerides B) Decreases the storage of glucose C) Promotes glucogenesis D) Increases protein synthesis

D. Increases protein synthesis

Select the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to teach a client diagnosed with distal symmetric neuropathy related to diabetes. A) Rotate insulin injection sites once a week B) Decrease daily walking activity C) Wear comfortable, open-toe shoes D) Inspect the feet for blisters daily

D. Inspect the feet for blisters daily

Which of the following pregnant women likely faces the greatest risk of developing gestational diabetes? A client who: A) Was diagnosed with placenta previa early in her pregnancy B) Is gravida five (in her fifth pregnancy) C) Has BP of 130/85 mm Hg and pulse rate of 90 beats/minute D) Is morbidly obese defined as greater than 100 pounds over ideal weight

D. Is morbidly obese defined as greater than 100 pounds over ideal weight

The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about rapid-acting insulin. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the client selects: A) Regular B) NPH C) Glargine D) Lispro

D. Lispro

A sign of early diabetic nephropathy is: A) Anuria B) Glycosuria C) Hypertension D) Microalbuminuria

D. Microalbuminuria

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is reporting burning pain of his feet. The nurse would interpret this as: A) Intermittent claudication B) Autonomic neuropathy C) Peripheral vascular disease D) Somatic neuropathy

D. Somatic neuropathy

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes and the family about the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The client asks what produces signs and symptoms of headache, disturbed behavior, coma, and seizures. The best response would be: A) Hepatic glycogenolysis B) Hypoglycemia causes ketone breakdown C) Insulin produces a rebound hyperglycemia D) The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy source

D. The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy source

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes and the family about the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The client asks what produces signs and symptoms of headache, disturbed behavior, coma, and seizures. The best response would be: A) Hypoglycemia causes ketone breakdown B) Insulin produces a rebound hyperglycemia C) Hepatic glycogenolysis D) The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy source

D. The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy source

A client is managing his diabetes with exercise and diet. The health care provider reviews the client's most recent lab results: fasting blood sugar level at 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Select the response that best identifies the client. A) The client is at risk for an insulin reaction B) The client needs to modify his diet related to the low readings C) The client is at risk of developing hyperglycemia D) The client is achieving normal glycemic control

D. The client is achieving normal glycemic control