Quiz Chapter 6 Thinking and Intelligence (A2)

In the standardization distribution of deviation IQ scores developed by Wechsler, the mean is set at _____, and the standard deviation is set at _____.

100; 15

Karen's deviation IQ score falls 2 standard deviations above the mean for her age group; therefore, her deviation IQ score is _____.

130

Using William Stern's formula, Terman would conclude that an 8-year-old child with a mental age of 12 had an IQ of _____.

150

For which of the following correlation coefficients would you be MOST likely to conclude that the test-retest method revealed a very reliable test?

0.90

Rigid habitual behavior in which we fail to carefully attend to the details of the present situation is to _____ as a new way to understand a problem that immediately gives you the solution is to _____.

mindless behavior; insight

Dr. Barba, like most doctors, tends to _____ the probability that a person has a disease when a test result is positive. To accurately calculate this probability, one of the factors that Dr. Barba needs to know is the percentage of people in the population who actually have the disease, which is known as the _____ rate.

overestimate; base

After several highly publicized instances of deadly shark attacks, many people stopped swimming in the ocean. It appears that vivid media coverage prompted people to use _____ to judge the probability of death by shark attack.

the availability heuristic

Board games are examples of _____ problems and deciding on a major in college is an example of a(n) _____ problem.

well-defined; ill-defined

Talking about his acquaintance Doug who is really "into" technology, Dave says that it is more likely that Doug has both a Blu-ray player and a flat screen TV than just a Blu-ray player. Apparently influenced by the _____ heuristic, Dave has _____.

representativeness; committed the conjunction fallacy

Which is the MOST well-defined problem?

solving a mathematics problem

Scott is particularly skilled at understanding other people. It is MOST likely that he would score highly on _____ measure of _____ intelligence.

Gardner's; interpersonal

What is the difference between a well-defined and an ill-defined problem?

In an ill-defined problem, the start state, goal state, or process to achieve the goal is unclear.

Because Janet is particularly likely to notice when the phone rings while she is in the shower, she believes that there is a relationship between taking a shower and receiving a phone call. This perceived relationship BEST illustrates _____.

an illusory correlation

After learning that the parents of both of her roommates were divorced, Meghan began to overestimate the divorce rate. Meghan's conclusion BEST illustrates the misuse of the _____.

availability heuristic

Although Terry knew he was supposed to stop at the grocery store on the way home from the gym, he drove right past the store and did not realize he'd forgotten until pulling into his garage. This BEST illustrates what is known as _____.

mindless behavior

Which is NOT an ill-defined problem?

determining the number of square feet in your bedroom before purchasing carpet

The fact that the average correlation between intelligence scores is greater for fraternal twins than for genetically related siblings can be explained by _____.

environmental influences only

Despite many unsuccessful attempts, Steve repeatedly tries to change the settings on his cell phone by using the same menu selections. By not trying a different set of options from the menu, Steve is displaying a form of _____.

fixation

The tendency for most people to try to solve the four-straight-lines version of the nine-circle problem by keeping their lines within the "mental square" illustrates _____.

fixation

Internal consistency on a test would be measured by _____.

giving two halves (odd versus even items) of a test to the same sample and measuring the correlation between the scores