Quiz questions

Language disorders can be caused by:

Alzheimer's disease RH stroke LH stroke

Orientation to person, place, and time requires adequate functioning of which neural functions:

Attention, Memory, Perception

The circuit of Papez includes:

Cingulate cortex Hippocampus Hypothalamus and thalamus

All of the following are true statements about attention EXCEPT:

Deficits in attention do not affect other cognitive processes

Holistic models of health indicate that health and well-being may be influences by all factors including:

Exercise, midefulness, Diet

For neurologically healthy individuals, implicit memory is used to learn:

How to eat The grammatical properties of your native language How to walk

Which of the following statements is an accurate description of working memory:

Information is only held for seconds to mins, most healthy individuals are able to hold 7 pieces of info, working mem. includes separate divisions for verbal and nonverbal types of info

According to Kilmes & Jones, all of the following are important factors associated with learning that contribute to experience-dependent neuroplasticity EXCEPT:

Learning always transfers/generalizes to novel contexts (dosage - or intensity - affects learning and neuroplasticity, practicing a newly learned behavior supports neuroplasticity, learning is initially tied to a specific context)

All of the following are external variable that affect sustained attention except:

Perception

The frontal lobe is especially important for:

Planning/sequencing behavior

All of the following are homeostatic functions EXCEPT:

Predation (INCLUDES: appetite, satiety, heat distribution)

Spatial neglect is among the most common deficits associated with:

Right hemisphere pathology

All of the following are characteristic of Broca's aphasia EXCEPT

Speech output is empty ( IS: co-occurs with hemiparesis, Utterances are short, language comprehension is relatively preserved)

Identify a function of long term memory:

Storing information Retrieving information Encoding information

According to the classic Wernicke-Geschwind model, language structures of the brain lie along the banks of the:

Sylvian fissure

Identify the statement that best describes operant conditioning (a type of associative learning):

The consequences (reward/punishment) that immediately follow a behavior, influence the likelihood of that behavior recurring

The neural network for attention overlaps with areas dedicated to:

Visual processing, Somatosensory functions, motor functions

Depression can be caused by

anatomical damage to a structure in the limbic system, a normal response to a sad life event, a chemical (neurotransmitter) imbalance affecting limbic structures

The brainstem is especially important for:

arousal and consciousness

Depression frequently co-occurs with ____________.

dementia stroke motor speech disorders

Amnesia may be caused by neuropathology to:

diffuse areas of the brain prefrontal cortex medial temporal lobe

All of the following are types of IMPLICIT memory EXCEPT:

episodic memory (procedural memory, priming, classical conditioning)

All of the following are true statements about fMRI EXCEPT:

fMrI directly meausres the electrophysiological signal of neurons

the limbic structures are especially important for:

identifying contextually meaningful stimuli

The hypothalamus is involved primarily in:

monitoring the internal environment and homeostasis

Confabulation is most likely to be caused by damage to:

prefrontal cortex

Presenting the words: "apricot", "peach", and "pear" to elicit production of "plum", is an example of:

priming

All of the following statements are true statements about awake craniotomy EXCEPT:

procedure demonstrated that subcortical regions are involved in language processing (INCLUDES: first used in the 1950s to limit damage to functional areas during neurosurgery, .....

The ventral striatum is involved primarily in _____________________.

processing information associated with pleasure.

The ventromedial cortex is involved primarily in _____________________.

producing a visceral ('gut') motor response to autonomic stimuli.

The adjustment of emotional responses to outside stimuli, based in their context is known as:

reappraisal

The inferior parietal lobe is especially important for:

selective spatial attention

All of the following are characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia EXCEPT:

short utterances (INCLUDES: speech output has reduced meaning often co-occurs with anosognosia speech is fluent)

____________ is the comprehension and/or use of a spoken, written, and/or other communication symbol system.

speech, communication, language

All of the following are subcortical structures that have been implicated in language processing EXCEPT:

substantia nigra (IS: thalamus, cerebellum, basal ganglia)

Language processing includes ____________

syntactic processing phonological processing lexical-semantic processing

all of the following anatomical structures are included in the classic Wernicke-Geshwind model EXCEPT:

thalamas (INCLUDES: pars triangularis, arcuate fasciculus, Wernicke's area)

Identify areas of he brain that are particularly involved in emotional memory:

the amygdala

Identify areas of the brain that are particularly involved in explicit memory:

the hippocampus, surrounding areas, and prefrontal cortex

Anterograde amnesia refers to memory loss affecting:

the time after diagnosis of a disorder

According to the principle of experience-dependent neuroplasticity, behavior/exposure to stimuli can cause changes to neural tissue:

throughout the lifespan

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the behavioral progression of Alzheimer's disease:

usually begins with just anterograde amnesia, but eventually includes both anterograde and retrograde amnesia

Identify areas of the brain that are particularly involved in working memory:

visual, auditory, and somatosensory areas as well as regions of the frontal lobe