Quiz questions
Language disorders can be caused by:
Alzheimer's disease RH stroke LH stroke
Orientation to person, place, and time requires adequate functioning of which neural functions:
Attention, Memory, Perception
The circuit of Papez includes:
Cingulate cortex Hippocampus Hypothalamus and thalamus
All of the following are true statements about attention EXCEPT:
Deficits in attention do not affect other cognitive processes
Holistic models of health indicate that health and well-being may be influences by all factors including:
Exercise, midefulness, Diet
For neurologically healthy individuals, implicit memory is used to learn:
How to eat The grammatical properties of your native language How to walk
Which of the following statements is an accurate description of working memory:
Information is only held for seconds to mins, most healthy individuals are able to hold 7 pieces of info, working mem. includes separate divisions for verbal and nonverbal types of info
According to Kilmes & Jones, all of the following are important factors associated with learning that contribute to experience-dependent neuroplasticity EXCEPT:
Learning always transfers/generalizes to novel contexts (dosage - or intensity - affects learning and neuroplasticity, practicing a newly learned behavior supports neuroplasticity, learning is initially tied to a specific context)
All of the following are external variable that affect sustained attention except:
Perception
The frontal lobe is especially important for:
Planning/sequencing behavior
All of the following are homeostatic functions EXCEPT:
Predation (INCLUDES: appetite, satiety, heat distribution)
Spatial neglect is among the most common deficits associated with:
Right hemisphere pathology
All of the following are characteristic of Broca's aphasia EXCEPT
Speech output is empty ( IS: co-occurs with hemiparesis, Utterances are short, language comprehension is relatively preserved)
Identify a function of long term memory:
Storing information Retrieving information Encoding information
According to the classic Wernicke-Geschwind model, language structures of the brain lie along the banks of the:
Sylvian fissure
Identify the statement that best describes operant conditioning (a type of associative learning):
The consequences (reward/punishment) that immediately follow a behavior, influence the likelihood of that behavior recurring
The neural network for attention overlaps with areas dedicated to:
Visual processing, Somatosensory functions, motor functions
Depression can be caused by
anatomical damage to a structure in the limbic system, a normal response to a sad life event, a chemical (neurotransmitter) imbalance affecting limbic structures
The brainstem is especially important for:
arousal and consciousness
Depression frequently co-occurs with ____________.
dementia stroke motor speech disorders
Amnesia may be caused by neuropathology to:
diffuse areas of the brain prefrontal cortex medial temporal lobe
All of the following are types of IMPLICIT memory EXCEPT:
episodic memory (procedural memory, priming, classical conditioning)
All of the following are true statements about fMRI EXCEPT:
fMrI directly meausres the electrophysiological signal of neurons
the limbic structures are especially important for:
identifying contextually meaningful stimuli
The hypothalamus is involved primarily in:
monitoring the internal environment and homeostasis
Confabulation is most likely to be caused by damage to:
prefrontal cortex
Presenting the words: "apricot", "peach", and "pear" to elicit production of "plum", is an example of:
priming
All of the following statements are true statements about awake craniotomy EXCEPT:
procedure demonstrated that subcortical regions are involved in language processing (INCLUDES: first used in the 1950s to limit damage to functional areas during neurosurgery, .....
The ventral striatum is involved primarily in _____________________.
processing information associated with pleasure.
The ventromedial cortex is involved primarily in _____________________.
producing a visceral ('gut') motor response to autonomic stimuli.
The adjustment of emotional responses to outside stimuli, based in their context is known as:
reappraisal
The inferior parietal lobe is especially important for:
selective spatial attention
All of the following are characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia EXCEPT:
short utterances (INCLUDES: speech output has reduced meaning often co-occurs with anosognosia speech is fluent)
____________ is the comprehension and/or use of a spoken, written, and/or other communication symbol system.
speech, communication, language
All of the following are subcortical structures that have been implicated in language processing EXCEPT:
substantia nigra (IS: thalamus, cerebellum, basal ganglia)
Language processing includes ____________
syntactic processing phonological processing lexical-semantic processing
all of the following anatomical structures are included in the classic Wernicke-Geshwind model EXCEPT:
thalamas (INCLUDES: pars triangularis, arcuate fasciculus, Wernicke's area)
Identify areas of he brain that are particularly involved in emotional memory:
the amygdala
Identify areas of the brain that are particularly involved in explicit memory:
the hippocampus, surrounding areas, and prefrontal cortex
Anterograde amnesia refers to memory loss affecting:
the time after diagnosis of a disorder
According to the principle of experience-dependent neuroplasticity, behavior/exposure to stimuli can cause changes to neural tissue:
throughout the lifespan
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the behavioral progression of Alzheimer's disease:
usually begins with just anterograde amnesia, but eventually includes both anterograde and retrograde amnesia
Identify areas of the brain that are particularly involved in working memory:
visual, auditory, and somatosensory areas as well as regions of the frontal lobe