Childcare: Chapter 5: Understanding Children from birth to Age 2

Prosocial behavior

Acts of kindness that benefits others; behaviors that demonstrate cooperation and helpfulness

Reflex

An automatic body response to a stimulus controlled by the lower- brain centers that govern involuntary processes such as heart rate and breathing

Separation anxiety

Another attachment behavior shown by infants

Preverbal gestures

Intentional signals used to tell people what they want by pointing

Baby sign language

Modified gestures of American Sign Language

Motor sequence

Refers to the order in which a child is able to perform new movements

Temperament

Refers to the quality and intensity of a person's emotional reactions

Attachment

Strong emotional connection that develops between people

Object permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even if the infant cannot see them

Telegraphic speech

Two word phrases used by a toddler

Deferred imitation

Watching another person's behavior and then acting out that behavior later

Joint attention

When the infant attends to the same event or object as the caregiver