quiz review for science

Each member of a class sampled a piece of PTC testing paper. Thirty people sampled the chemical. Twenty persons were tasters. How many had heterozygous genes?

0-20

A family pedigree is a chart of various patterns that shows a general trend.

False

Hemophilia is a condition where the blood clotting action is dangerously high.

False

The genotype of the person with normal red blood cells in all environmental conditions is

HbA HbA

The genotype of persons with the sickle-cell trait, but often not exhibiting sickle-cell, is

HbA HbS

What genotype produces a baritone voice?

SA

A genetic counselor can also use the principles of population genetics in his advising. What is the basis for this type of counseling?

The counseling of the population would be larger than others and the basis of it would be larger.

A couple who is extremely intelligent can give birth to a child who is below average intelligence.

True

A female can be susceptible to expressing hemophilia.

True

The extra chromosome which produces Down's syndrome is:

an autosome

A person with Klinefelter's syndrome possesses:

an extra X chromosome

The blood type AB is an example of dominance.

co

The large number of potential gene make it unlikely that any two people will be identical.

combinations

When does nondisjunction occur which affects inheritance?

meiosis

(Select all that apply.) Choose from the following list of diseases those that are sex-linked.

night blindness rolling eyeballs nonfunctional sweat glands diabetes white forelock muscular dystrophy certain deafness color blindness

When using data from population genetics research:

the sample must have a high probability of representing the population

Why do identical twins have the same set of genes?

they were born of one fertilized ovum

In a large population, approximately 65 percent are tasters and 35 percent are nontasters. Does the class compare favorably to the general population?

yes

The Talmud permitted a father with hemophilia to have his son circumcised. Would this preclude all possible problems?

yes-if the mother is not a possible carrier

1.A condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 2. (XXY) An abnormality affecting males where there is an extra X chromosome 3. A hereditary form of anemia 4. In conditions of low oxygen some cells sickle 5. (XO) An abnormality where one of the sex chromosomes is missing leaving a total of 45

1. Down's Syndrome 2. Klinefelter's Syndrome 3. sickle-cell anemia 4. sickle-cell trait 5.Turner's syndrome

1.Both members of an allelic pair contribute equally to the phenotype 2. A hereditary condition for bleeding due to the inability to clot properly 3. A gene located on the Y chromosome in XY species 4. An inherited protein found on the surface of the red blood cell membrane

1. codominance 2. hemophilia 3. holandric gene 4. Rh factor

1.How common the gene is in the population 2. All of the genes present in a specific population 3. The ancestral history of an individual; a chart showing the history of a trait in the family 4. The study of a hereditary trait in a large population

1. gene frequency 2. gene pool 3. pedigree 4. population genetics

A pedigree is not helpful to a counselor in predicting the probability of a recessive gene being present and the chances for an offspring to receive the gene and express the trait.

False

In considering sex-linked inheritance, both sexes are equally susceptible to the manifestation of the trait.

False

In sex-linked inheritance, females are most susceptible because they have only one X chromosome. Therefore, whichever gene is present, be it dominant or recessive, it is expressed. The male has two X chromosomes, and in order to be expressed, both genes must be recessive.

False

Intelligence is not related to heredity.

False

The hemoglobin of sickle cell anemia:

differs from the normal protein by one amino acid

The factors that are responsible for the ABO blood type, or the Rh, are located on the surface of the

erythrocyte

Two of the risk factors for Down's syndrome include which of the following?

increased age of female infectious hepatitis

Some scientists believe that sickle-cell anemia is a beneficial mutation because it:

increases resistance to malaria

Each member of a class sampled a piece of PTC testing paper. Thirty people sampled the chemical. Twenty persons were tasters. How many had homozygous recessive genes?

10

Each member of a class sampled a piece of PTC testing paper. Thirty people sampled the chemical. Twenty persons were tasters. How many had homozygous genes?

10-30

Down's syndrome is a condition where an extra chromosome is produced on the _____ chromosome.

21st

A normal human body contains:

23 pairs of chromosomes 46 total chromosomes

In general, the "Y" sex chromosome does not appear to exert as much genetic influence as the "X" chromosome.

True

The presence of tight ligaments in the thumb is a recessive trait.

True

What would be a female bleeder's genotype? (Let XB stand for the normal condition for clotting and Xb stand for the recessive hemophilia allele.)

X bX b

Mark the genotypes which express hemophilia.

X bX b X bY

Choose from the following list the three genotypes the parents must have in order for a daughter to have XbXb ?

X bX b X bY X BX b

Which parental combination could result in a child with XbXb?

X bY and XX b

Why didn't Charles and Alexander, the grandsons of Queen Victoria, inherit hemophilia?

because the disease is not on the "Y" chromosome and Helena does not have the trait

Why would it be wise for a woman carrying the hemophilia gene to keep her son from being circumcised?

because the probability of hemophilia would be 50%

Why didn't the two sons of Queen Victoria (Alfred and Arthur) display hemophilia? (refer to pedigree chart)

because they did not receive the recessive gene (X b) from their mother.

Mental illness may be the result of:

both

An XXY or an XO person can occur when the female has producing an egg with two XX or no chromosomes. The male produces the normal sperm of X or Y.

nondisjunction X

Nutrition affects development of the physical brain therefore:

nutrition is related to intelligence

The Rh condition occurs in most of the world population.

positive

The condition of the Rh factor is called when present and when absent.

positive negative

The traits for blood type and Rh are the result of the presence or absence of particular on the erythrocytes.

proteins

Sex-linked inheritance refers to hereditary alleles usually being passed on the chromosome.

recessive X

In the ABO series, the gene for blood type O is while A and B are genes, and AB is

recessive dominant codominant

What are some of the results of having sickle-cell anemia?

resistance to malaria reduced oxygen respiration reduced viability

What is true about the heterozygous sickle-cell (HbA HbS) condition?

sickle-cell anemia is expressed under conditions of oxygen deficiency

The blood type trait is controlled by more than two alleles for a given gene and therefore is called multiple alleles.

true