Quizlet 6.1-6.4

Short Bones

Are round and nearly cubed shape.

Irregular Bones

Bone shapes that don't fit in to other categories. i.e. the vertebrae

How does the skeletal system provide protection?

Bones protect the organs that it surrounds. For example the skull protects the brain.

How does the skeletal system provide movement?

Contraction of the skeletal muscles moves the bones, producing body movements. Joints, which is formed by two or more bones, allow for movement between bones.

Type of cartilage most associated with bones.

Hyaline cartilage is most associated with bones.

The four types of bone shapes

Long bone, short bone, flat bone, irregular bone

How does the skeletal system aid in blood cell production?

Many bones contains cavities filled with red bone marrow, which gives rise to blood cells and platelets.

Periosteum vs. endosteum

Periosteum covers outer layer of the bone and consists of two layers itself, fibrous and cellular. Endosteum covers spongy bone and lines central canals, and consists of one simple layer of osteoprogenitor cells.

Red bone marrow vs. yellow bone marrow

Red Bone marrow: contains mostly hematopoetic cells Yellow Bone marrow: contains mostly fat cells

Flat Bones

Relatively thin, flattened shape, and usually curved

How does the skeletal system provide storage?

Some minerals in the blood are taken into the bone and stored.

How does the skeletal system provide support?

The bones provide support for bearing weight, cartilage provides a firm yet flexible support, and lastly ligaments connect to bones and hold them together.

The four major components of the skeletal system

The four major components are bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

Sinuses

air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity

The three types of cartilage.

hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage

Epiphyseal plate

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

Medullary cavity

cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow

Articular cartilage

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints

Long Bones

longer than they are wide