rad review final patient care

a substance or method used to cleanse the large bowel prior to a barium enema is called: 1. a cathartic 2. a cleansing enema 3. a purgative

1, 2, and 3

extravasation occurs when

contrast medium is injected into surrounding tissue

which of the following legal phrases defines circumstance in which both the healthcare provider's and the patient's actions contributed to an injurious outcome?

contributory negligence

early symptoms of anaphylaxis include all EXCEPT which of the following

cool skin

When all of the following exams are necessary, in which order should they be scheduled:

cystogram, upper GI with SBFT, esophagogram

While a radiographer is taking a patient's history, the patient states they have Lyme disease. The radiographer should assume the patient contracted this microbial infection from a

vector

Which ethical principle is related to sincerity and truthfulness?

veracity

where should a urine drainage bag be in relationship to the patient's bladder?

well below the level of the bladder, but not touching the floor

which of the following is an inappropriate manner of speaking to a patient?

"I have several other patients, so please change quickly."

If prosecuted by the US Department of Justice, what is the criminal penalty for knowingly disclosing a patient's protected health information (PHI)?

$50,000 fine and up to 1 year imprisonment

Sternal compressions during CPR are made with the heels of the hands located about

1 1/2 in superior to the xiphoid tip

If extravasation occurs during an intravenous injection of contrast media, correct treatment includes which of the following? 1. Remove the needle and locate a sturdier vein immediately. 2. Apply pressure to the vein until bleeding stops. 3. Apply warm, moist heat. (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

a diabetic patient who has prepared for a fasting radiographic examination is susceptible to a hypoglycemic reaction. this is characterized by 1. shaking and nervousness 2. cold, clammy skin 3. cyanosis

1 and 2 only

adverse reactions to high osmolality water-soluble contrast media that are classified as mild, include 1. nausea 2. pallor 3. dyspnea

1 and 2 only

before bringing each patient into the radiographic room throughout the day, the radiographer should 1. clean the x-ray table and change the pillowcase. 2. assemble the accessories needed for the examination. 3. warm the x-ray tube anode.

1 and 2 only

maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs includes which of the following? 1. self-esteem 2. love and belongingness 3. death with dignity

1 and 2 only

patients' rights include which of the following? 1. the right to refuse treatment 2. the right to confidentiality 3. the right to possess his or her radiographs

1 and 2 only

to prevent disease transmission, linens used for patients should 1. be only used once per patient 2. be folded inward after use before removing from a surface 3. be shaken to remove any loose debris before placing in the hamper

1 and 2 only

which of the following is (are) symptom(s) of shock? 1. pallor and weakness 2. increased pulse 3. fever

1 and 2 only

which of the following statements is (are) true regarding a two-member team performing mobile radiography on a patient with MRSA precautions? 1. one radiographer remains "clean" - that is, he or she has no physical contact with the patient. 2. the radiographer who positions the mobile unit also makes the exposure. 3. the radiographer who positions the cassette also retrieves the cassette and removes it from its plastic protective cover.

1 and 2 only (clean and mobile unit)

which of the following is (are) characteristic(s) of anemia? 1. decreased number of circulating red blood cells 2. decreased hemoglobin 3. hematuria

1 and 2 only (decreased rbc, decreased hemoglobin)

from the following protocols for infection prevention, which apply to airborne precautions? 1. have the patient wear a surgical mask 2. personnel must wear an N95 filtered ask 3. personnel must wear gowns for all interactions with infected patients

1 and 2 only (masks)

bone densitometry is often performed to 1. measure degree of bone (de) mineralization 2. evaluate the results of osteoporosis treatment/therapy 3. evaluate the condition of soft tissue adjacent to bone

1 and 2 only (mineralization and therapy)

which of the following statements regarding the human gonadal cells is (are) true? 1. the female oogonia reproduce only during fetal life. 2. the male spermatogonia reproduce continuously. 3. both male and female stem cells reproduce only during fetal life.

1 and 2 only (oogonia and spermatogonia)

which of the following situations warrant the use of a nasoenteric tube rather than a nasogastric tube? 1. reduced gastric peristalsis with normal intestinal peristalsis 2. removal of gas or fluid from bowel obstruction 3. overactive gastric emptying, preventing adequate nutrient absorption

1 and 2 only (reduced gastric, removal of gas)

Syncope is a result of 1. A drop in blood pressure 2. A narrowing of blood vessels 3. A decrease in heart rate 4. Increased oxygen to brain tissue

1 and 3 only

With a patient suffering abdominal pain, it is frequently helpful to 1. elevate the head slightly with a pillow. 2. perform the exam in the Trendelenburg position. 3. place a support under the knees. (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3 only

which of the following is a medication included in an emergency cart that increases heart rate?

1 and 3 only

which of the following is a medication included in an emergency cart that increases heart rate? 1. atropine 2. diphenhydramine 3. epinephrine

1 and 3 only

which of the following statements would be true regarding tracheostomy patients? 1. tracheostomy patients have difficulty speaking 2. a routine chest x-ray requires the tracheostomy tubing to be rotated out of view 3. audible rattling sounds indicate a need for suction

1 and 3 only

guidelines for cleaning contaminated objects or surfaces include which of the following? 1. clean from the least contaminated to the most contaminated areas. 2. clean in a circular motion, starting from the center and working outward. 3. clean from the top down.

1 and 3 only (least to most, top down)

blood pressure may be expressed as 120/95. what does 95 represent 1. the phase of relaxation of the cardiac muscle tissue 2. the phase of contraction of the cardiac muscle tissue 3. a higher than average diastolic pressure

1 and 3 only (relaxation, higher than average)

chest drainage systems should always be kept 1. below the level of the patient's chest 2. above the patient's chest 3. at the level of the patient's diaphragm

1 only

Air and gas can be used as contrast agents in which of the following studies? 1. Arthrography 2. Myelography 3. Fluoroscopy

1, 2, and 3

All drug packages must provide certain information required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Some of the information that must be provided includes 1. the generic name. 2. contraindications. 3. the usual dose. (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

If a contrast agent is considered to have high viscosity, it can also 1. Require increased pressure during injections 2. Utilize smaller gauge needle sizes 3. Possess a thick, syrupy texture

1, 2, and 3

If an inpatient experiences a syncopal episode during a radiographic procedure in the medical imaging department, how should the radiographer respond? 1. Assist the patient into a dorsal recumbent position and elevate their feet and legs above the level of their head 2. Loosen any tight clothing on the patient 3. Apply a moist compress to the patient's forehead and have them remain recumbent until they feel capable of undergoing the remainder of the procedure or returning to their room

1, 2, and 3

Improper support of a patient's fractured lower leg (tibia/fibula) while performing radiography could result in 1. movement of fracture fragments. 2. tearing of soft tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. 3. initiation of muscle spasm.

1, 2, and 3

Radiographers should wear gloves when they might come in contact with

1, 2, and 3

Some proteins in latex can produce mild to severe allergic reactions. Medical equipment that could contain latex includes 1 tourniquets. 2 enema tips. 3 catheters.

1, 2, and 3

Symptoms of impending diabetic coma include 1. increased urination. 2. sweet-smelling breath. 3. extreme thirst. (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

The decision as to whether to deliver ionic or nonionic contrast medium should include a preliminary patient history including, but not limited to 1. Patient age 2. History of the respiratory disease 3. History of cardiac disease

1, 2, and 3

for a patient who has just had a fluoroscopic barium enema, which post-examination instructions should be given: 1. drink plenty of fluids 2. eat a high fiber diet 3. limit caffeine

1, 2, and 3

functions of the swan-ganz catheter include(s) evaluation of 1. oxygen saturation 2. medication effects 3. ventricular failure

1, 2, and 3

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be transmitted 1. by sharing contaminated needles. 2. from mother to child during birth. 3. by intimate contact with bodily fluids.

1, 2, and 3

patient preparation for an upper GI with small bowel follow through includes: 1. NPO 8 hours before the exam 2. low-residue diet 48 hours before the exam 3. avoidance of tobacco products during NPO period

1, 2, and 3

symptoms associated with a mild to moderate allergic reaction to contrast media include 1. sneezing 2. hoarseness 3. wheezing

1, 2, and 3

the cycle of infection includes which of the following components? 1. reservoir of infection 2. susceptible host 3. means of transmission

1, 2, and 3

the legal document or individual authorized to make an individual's health care decisions, should the individual be unable to make them for himself or herself; is the 1. advance health care directive. 2. living will. 3. health care proxy.

1, 2, and 3

when radiographing young children, it is helpful to 1. let them bring a toy 2. keep explanations simple and honest 3. be cheerful and unhurried

1, 2, and 3

which of the following factors can contribute to hypertension? 1. obesity 2. smoking 3. stress

1, 2, and 3

which of the following medical devices and/or implants are visible on radiographic images? 1. intrauterine devices (IUDs) 2. inner ear prosthesis 3. aneurysm clips

1, 2, and 3

which of the following must be included in a patient's medical record or chart? 1. diagnostic and therapeutic orders 2. medical history 3. informed consent

1, 2, and 3

which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the proper care of a patient with a tracheostomy? 1. employ sterile technique if you must touch a tracheostomy for any reason. 2. before you suction a tracheostomy, the patient should be well aerated. 3. never suction for longer than 15 seconds permitting the patient to rest in between.

1, 2, and 3

which of the following drugs may be used as a vasoconstrictor for a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction? 1. adenalin 2. vasopressin 3. atropine

1, 2, and 3 (adrenalin, vasopressin, and atropine)

Symptoms of inadequate oxygen supply include 1 dyspnea. 2 cyanosis. 3 retraction of intercostal spaces.

1, 2, and 3 (dyspnea, cyanosis, retraction of is)

Body substances and fluids that are considered infectious or potentially infectious include 1. sputum 2. synovial fluid 3. cerebrospinal fluid

1, 2, and 3 (sputum, synovial, and cerebrospinal)

which of the following is/are requirements regarding patient demographic information? 1. workstations that display images with patient demographic information should be located in controlled access areas of the facility. 2. technologists should be able to alter information contained in the image file sent to PACS to correct errors without documenting the change. 3. technologists should be able to change patient information as an error prevention step post processing before sending images to PACS. 4. at a minimum, demographic information should include the following: patient name or ID number, exam date, side marker, and facility name where the exam was performed.

1, 3, and 4

Common blood vessels utilized for pulse detection are 1. Radial 2. Parietal 3. Dorsalis pedis 4. Temporal

1, 3, and 4 only

label pic

1. aortic arch 2. subclavian artery 3.left vertebral artery 4. left common carotid artery 5. right common carotid artery 6. brachiocephalic artery 7. right subclavian artery

which of the following diastolic pressure readings can indicate hypertension?

100 mm Hg

which blood pressure range is typical for adolescents

100-120/65-75

For newborns (0-3 months of age), which pulse rate range is normal:

100-150 BPM

which of the following is a normal BUN level:

10mg/100mL

when caring for a patient with an IV line, the radiographer should keep the medication

18 to 20 inches above the level of the vein

the ARRT rules of ethics are 1. aspirational 2. mandatory 3. minimally acceptable standards

2 and 3 only

when lifting a patient from a wheelchair 1. bend down and place your arms underneath their arms, then use your back to straighten out until they are in the standing position 2. use your legs to push yourself up as you stand while maintaining normal lumbar lordosis and tightening of the core 3. when lifting with two or more persons, discuss the transfer before attempting it to reduce confusion and strain

2 and 3 only

when radiographing the elderly, it is helpful to 1. move quickly 2. address them by their full name 3. give straightforward instructions

2 and 3 only

Facsimile transmission of health information is : 1. Not permitted 2. Permitted for urgently needed patient care 3. Permitted for third-party payer hospitalization certification

2 and 3 only (permitted both ways)

federal regulations regarding infection control in the workplace, as amended by the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA), make which of the following requirements?

2 and 3 only (puncture proof contained must be provided for all used needles, follow up care must be provided to any staff accidentally exposed to blood splash/needle stick)

in the blood pressure reading 140/75 mmHg, what does 140 represent? 1. the phase of relaxation of the cardiac muscle tissue 2. the phase of contraction of the cardias muscle tissue 3. a higher-than-average diastolic pressure

2 only

in what order should the following contrast examinations be performed on the same patient? 1. upper GI series 2. IVU 3. BE

2, 3, 1

possible side effects of an iodinated contrast medium that is administered intravenously include all of the following except 1. a warm, flushes feeling. 2. altered taste 3. a few hives

3 only

The needle angle usually used for subcutaneous injection is

45 degrees

in reviewing a patient's blood chemistry, which of the following blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ranges is considered normal?

8 to 25 mg/100 mL

before performing a CT exam using an intravenous iodinated contrast agent, the radiographer should check the patient's blood chemistry levels. which of the following is a normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) range in an adult patient?

8-25 mg/100mL

what is the needle angle usually recommended for intramuscular drug injection?

90 degrees

the frequency of cardiac ventricular contractions is reported in which value

BPM

Patients are instructed to remove all jewelry, hair clips, metal prostheses, coins, and credit cards before entering the room for an examination in (A) sonography. (B) computed axial tomography (CAT). (C) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (D) nuclear medicine.

MRI

a minor reaction to the IV administration of a contrast agent can include?

a few g hives, nausea, and a flushed face

Examples of means by which infectious microorganisms can be transmitted via indirect contact include 1. a fomite 2. a vector 3. nasal or oral secretions

a fomite and a vector

which of the following women is likely to have the most homogenous glandular breast tissue?

a post pubertal adolescent

A site where an infectious organism can remain viable and from which transmission can occur is called 1. a reservoir 2. an autoclave 3. a carrier

a reservoir and a carrier

all of the following are central venous lines except

a salem-sump

each of the following is an example of a fomite except

a tick

lyme disease is caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks. the tick bite may cause fever, fatigue, and other associated symptoms. this is an example of transmission of an infection by

a vector

the term dysplasia refers to

abnormal development of tissue

which situations may result in a lower than average resting heart rate (choose 3)

age over 65 years, low temperatures, increased fitness conditioning

which of the following factors may result in an increased respiratory rate: (choose 3)

age younger than 3 years, exercise, age over 65 years

What type of precautions prevents the spread of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and chickenpox

airborne precautions

which of the following are included in the 6 main routes of infection transmission? (select 4)

airborne, droplet, vector, fomite

during the various stages of infection, the host can be contagious during

all stages of the infection cycle

anaphylaxis is the term used to describe

allergic shock

a small glass container containing a single medication dose is called an?

ampule

the condition that results from a persistent fetal foramen oval is

an atrial septal defect

a quantity of medication introduced intravenously over a period of time is termed

an infusion

Rapid onset of severe respiratory or cardiovascular symptoms after ingestion or injection of a drug, vaccine, contrast agent, or food, or after an insect bite, best describes (A) asthma. (B) anaphylaxis. (C) myocardial infarction. (D) rhinitis.

anaphylaxis

an acute reaction caused by ingestion or injection of a sensitizing agent describes

anaphylaxis

a MRI procedure is contraindicated for a patient who has

aneurysm clips

a vasodilator would most likely be used for

angina

which of the following sites are commonly used for an intravenous injection? 1. antecubital vein 2. basilic vein 3. popliteal vein

antecubital and basilic

a patient developed hives several minutes after injection of an iodinated contrast agent. what type of drug should be readily available

antihistamine

chemical substances that are used to kill or deactivate pathogenic bacteria are called 1. antiseptics 2. disinfectants 3. toxins

antiseptics and disinfectants

which of the following factors can cause an increase in blood pressure: 1. anxiety 2. younger age 3. exercise

anxiety and exercise

what is the first treatment for extravasation of contrast media during an IV injection?

apply pressure to the vein until bleeding stops

A radiographer who tells the patient that he or she will have to repeat this uncomfortable examination if the patient does not try harder to cooperate can be accused of

assault

difficulty in breathing precipitated by stress and causing bronchospasm best describes

asthma

Disinfecting agents that function to stop bacterial growth are classified as

bacteriostatic

The infection streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) is caused by a A. virus. B. fungus. C. protozoon. D. bacterium.

bacterium

contrast agents that can be used during excretory urography include all of the following except

barium sulfate

Imaging the incorrect patient qualifies as

battery

unlawful touching of a person without his or her consent is termed

battery

you have encountered a person who is apparently unconscious. although you open his airway, there is no rise and fall of the chest, no detectable pulse, and you can hear no breath sounds. you should?

begin external chest compressions at a rate of at least 100 compressions/min

You have encountered a person who is apparently unconscious. Although you open his airway, there is no rise and fall of the chest, and you can hear no breath sounds. You should (A) begin mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing, giving two full breaths. (B) proceed with the Heimlich maneuver. (C) begin external chest compressions at a rate of 80 to 100 per minute. (D) begin external chest compressions at a rate of at least 100 per minute.

begin external chest compressions at a rate of at least 100 per minute

honor code violations that can prevent a radiography student from meeting ARRT certification requirements include?

being suspended from the radiography program, and being dismissed/expelled from a radiography program

from the following list, select 4 appropriate choices for safe lifting of a heavy object from the floor to a table

bend your knees and keep your back straight, lift the object to a standing position and then walk the object to the table, keep your feet apart, slightly wider than your shoulders, bring the object in close to your body

as health care professionals aspire to design their actions to always benefit their patients, to only bring about good for their patients, they are aspiring to what moral principle?

beneficence

where is the "sterile corridor" located?

between the draped patient and instrument table

A technologist brings the portable machine to the ED, preparing to take a portable chest x-ray on the patient in critical bay 4. As you approach, the nursing assistant is already in the room with a sphygmomanometer at the bedside. What is she about to measure?

blood pressure

which of the following items are categorized as vital signs? (select 4)

blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse rate, temperature

which of the following could be a side effect from antiarrythmic medications?

bradycardia

An RT (ARRT) is supervising manager of a short-staffed imaging facility in a state requiring certification. An applicant arrives whose ARRT certification has lapsed. The manager hires him to fill a 20-hour position doing chest and extremity radiography. The supervisor is guilty of

breaking the ARRT Rules of Ethics

the risk of inoculation with HIV is considered high for the following: 1. broken skin 2. shared needles 3. conjunctiva

broken skin and shared needles

when medications are administered parenterally, they are given

by a route other than via the GI tract

The radiographic accessory used to measure the thickness of body parts in order to determine optimum selection of exposure factors is the

caliper

you are about to perform an arthrogram on a non-english speaking patient. which of the following communication techniques is likely to be most effective at bridging the language barrier as you give the patient instructions and a brief description of the exam?

call the recommended telephone translator on the designated phone, supplied by the hospital for scenarios such as this. explain to the translator what you wish to communicate and hand the phone to the patient, so that the translator can convey the information

you are working in an outpatient department and receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the right hip joint; however, the requisition asks for a left femur examination. What should you do?

check with a referring physician

You receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the area of the left fourth and fifth metatarsals; however, the requisition asks for a left ankle exam. What should you do? (A) Perform a left foot exam. (B) Perform a left ankle exam. (C) Perform both a left foot and a left ankle exam. (D) Check with the referring physician.

check with the referring physician

the heimlich maneuver is used if the patient is

choking

A device used to restrict the free movement of a patient or a body part during the performance of a medical imaging exam is: A Classified as immobilization, is meant to be temporary, and does not require a separate physician's order. B Classified as a restraint, can remain in place after the exam is over, and does not require a physician's order. C Not recommended for use with pediatric patients. D Can be utilized in place of effective communication with the patient to reduce total exam time.

classified. as immobilization, is meant to be temporary, and does not require a separate physician's order

which of the following effects does an antibiotic have on the body?

combats bacterial growth

Which corrective action should be taken when receiving a requisition for a right knee study when the patient is complaining of pain in the mid tibial shaft?

contact the referring physician to clarify the order

to compensate for gerontological body changes, reducing exposure factors would help to compensate for 1. decreased muscle mass 2. increased bone density 3. weight loss 4. reduced alertness

decreased muscle mass, weight loss

Cyanosis is blueish hue to the skin due to which of the following?

decreased oxygenation

which of the following is a concept of proper body ergonomics:

decreased the distance between yourself and the patient you are transferring allows for better use of your upper extremities in the transfer

the mechanical device used to correct an ineffectual cardiac rhythm is a

defibrillator

in her studies on death and dying, Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross described the first stage of the grieving process as

denial

emphysema is a destructive pathology, requiring an adjustment in radiographic technique for adequate exposure. which of the following is NOT a symptom of emphysema?

depression of shoulders

when referencing respiration, which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of air exchanged:

depth

of the four stages of infection, which is the stage during with the infection is most communicable?

disease phase

which of the following medications would most likely be prescribed for a patient suffering from congestive heart failure or hypertension?

diuretic

When disposing of contaminated needles, they are placed in a special container using what procedure? (A) Recap the needle, remove the syringe, and dispose of the needle. (B) Do not recap the needle, remove the syringe, and dispose of the needle. (C) Recap the needle and dispose of the entire syringe. (D) Do not recap the needle and dispose of the entire syringe.

do not recap the needle and dispose of the entire syringe

the mode of pathogenic transmission associated with sneezing and coughing is:

droplet

a radiographer is performing a radiographic procedure and notices that the patient has a labored and difficult breathing pattern. this respiratory pattern indicates which of the following conditions?

dyspnea

each of the following statements regarding respiratory structures is true except

each lung is enclosed in peritoneum

Ipecac is a medication used to induce vomiting and is classified as a(n) A. diuretic. B. antipyretic. C. antihistamine. D. emetic.

emetic

which of the following pathologic conditions would require a decrease in exposure factors?

emphysema

the medical term for nosebleed is

epistaxis

which of the following situations would be considered an act of health care fraud

erasing a CR image plate to cover up a mistake of performing an x-ray procedure on the wrong body part

which of the following can impede verbal communication effectiveness: choose 3

excessive background noise, cultural differences, increased message complexity

a patient undergoing a routine radiographic exam of the shoulder has a few questions for the technologist post exam. the patient's orthopedic surgeon has scheduled them for a contrast MR study of the shoulder joint, post arthrogram. the patient is nervous about the MR procedure and wants to know what it's like having never had one before. the technologist should do which of the following?

explain that while there is a strong magnetic field in the MR exam, the staff carefully screens patients as part of a strict safety protocol and that the most troubling part is typically the noise, as the machine makes a jackhammer sound during imaging

Joseph Luckett Jr, is a competent second-year student. He has been imaging patients under indirect supervision for most of the day. All CR images are viewed at the workstation on the computer monitor, before being sent to the radiologist. After taking posteroanterior (PA) and lateral chest projections on a patient with a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) test, Joseph notices that he has "clipped" the apices on the PA projection. As per the policy of the department and program, he must consult with a technologist before repeating any images. The technologist takes a quick glance at his image and says, "It looks fine. Send it." "But what about the apices?" Joseph asks. He knows that imaging the apices is extremely important in suspected cases of TB. The technologist does not take a second look. "That's okay. It's just a routine. Send it." What is the most appropriate immediate action for Joseph to take? A. Ignore the technologist's advice and repeat the PA view. B. Send the images as suggested by the technologist. C. Send the images but, without informing the technologist, add the following comment: "Technologist advised against a repeat." D. Explain the clinical history to the technologist and stress that he is uncomfortable sending a suboptimal study.

explain the clinical history to the technologist and stress that he is uncomfortable sending a suboptimal study

Accidental injection of medication or contrast medium into tissues around a vein is termed

extravasation

which of the following refers to infiltration of a contrast agent into soft tissues during an intravenous injection?

extravasation

a radiologic technologist can be found guilty of a tort in which of the following situations?

failure to shield a patient of childbearing age from unnecessary radiation, performing an examination on a patient who has refused the examination, and performing an examination on the wrong patient

a diabetic patient who has taken insulin while preparing for a fasting radiologic examination is susceptible to a hypoglycemic reaction reaction. this is characterized by 1. fatigue 2. cyanosis 3. restlessness

fatigue and restlessness

In order to prevent glass fragments from entering a drug, which type of needle is necessary to draw injectables from a glass ampule?

filtration

a drug's chemical name is most closely related to its

generic name

a technologist encountering a patient that experiences vertigo should

guide the patient to a sitting or recumbent position

skin discoloration owing to cyanosis may be observed in the 1. gums 2. earlobes 3. corneas

gums and earlobes

Radiographs are the property of the (A) radiologist. (B) patient. (C) health-care institution. (D) referring physician.

health care institution

the term used to describe expectoration of blood from the bronchi is

hemoptysis

which of the following is another name for an intermittent injection port?

heparin lock

which of the following is not a sign of extravasation?

hives around the injection site

A patient whose systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mmHg is usually considered (A) hypertensive. (B) hypotensive. (C) average / normal. (D) baseline.

hypertensive

a patient whose systolic blood pressure is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg usually is considered?

hypertensive

the condition of below-normal blood pressure is termed

hypotension

a patient arrives at the ED with a knife wound to the abdomen; the patient's shirt and pants are soaked with blood. the patient's blood pressure has dropped to 90/40 mm Hg and her pulse is 134 bpm. what type of shock is the patient experiencing?

hypovolemic

what type of shock results from loss of blood?

hypovolemic

An illness of unknown or obscure cause is said to be

idiopathic

what is the appropriate action if a patient has signed consent for a procedure but once on the radiographic table refuses the procedure?

immediately stop the procedure and inform the radiologist and the referring physician of the patient's request

which three of the following are physiologic changes associated with advanced age?

increased skin tears, decreased balance, and decreased muscle mass

an emetic is used to

induce vomiting

a nosocomial infection is a(n)

infection acquired in a hospital

Sterile technique is required when contrast agents are administered

intrathecally

A radiographer who discloses confidential information to unauthorized individuals may be found guilty of (A) invasion of privacy. (B) slander. (C) libel. (D) defamation.

invasion of privacy

a radiographer who discloses confidential patient information to unauthorized individuals can be found guilty of

invasion of privacy

positive contrast agents are associated with (select 5)

iodine, negative contrast, high atomic number, radiopacity, positive contrast, barium

which of the following should be avoided during patient transfers (choose 3)

jerking movements, twisting, bending of the lower back

all of the following are rules of good body ergonomics except

keep a narrow base of support

all of the following rules regarding proper hand washing technique are correct except

keep hands and forearms higher than elbows

the structure labeled number 3 in figure 2-39 is the

left vertebral artery

the legal doctrine respondeat superior means which of the following

let the master answer

the legal doctrine respondeat superior relates to which of the following?

let the master answer

to "excuse" suboptimal images, a radiographer makes a note on the exam requisition claiming that the patient "was uncooperative". the radiographer can legally be found guilty of

libel

select the 3 correct completions. to reduce the back strain that can result from moving heavy objects, the radiographer should

lift the bent knees and straight back, push or roll a heavy object, provide a broad base of support

physical changes characteristic of gerontologic patients usually include 1. loss of bone calcium. 2. loss of hearing. 3. loss of mental alertness.

loss of bone calcium

benefits of proper body ergonomics include: (select 3)

maintenance of balance, reduction of stress on joints and soft tissue, decreased risk of injury

the following diseases are characterized by vector mode transmission 1. malaria 2. measles 3. TB 4. lyme disease 5. mumps

malaria and lyme disease

a variety of information is utilized to determine a patient's health status and to reach a diagnosis. some are subjective, like the patient's narrative, their perception of pain, and the physician's bedside observations, as two physicians may come away with two distinct impressions from the same patient interview. some data are objective, like blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood glucose level. the use of the word objective here means which of the following?

measurable

techniques that function to reduce the spread of microbes are termed

medical asepsis

which of the following patient identifiers is not considered protected information?

medical record number

which of the following radiographic procedures uses an intrathecal route of introducing a drug or contrast medium?

myelogram

the most commonly used method of low-flow oxygen delivery is the

nasal cannula

which of the following routes of administration is NOT parenteral?

nasogastric

_____ is a mild allergic reaction symptom, while _____ is considered a moderate allergic reaction symptom.

nausea; urticaria

hirschsprung disease, or congenital megacolon, is related to which of the following age groups

neonate

the condition of low neutrophils is termed

neutropenic

all of the following statements regarding oxygen delivery are true except

none of the above; they are all true (oxygen is classified as a drug and must be prescribed by a physician, the rate of delivery and mode of delivery must be part of a physician order for oxygen, oxygen may be ordered as continuously or as needed; prn)

the moral principle of preventing harm to a patient is called

nonmaleficence

the moral principle that describes the radiographer's aspiration to do no harm or to allow no act that might cause harm to the patient is termed

nonmaleficence

the ethical principle that aspires never to, above all, do harm describes

nonmalficence

Hand gestures, pantomime, and facial expressions are all forms of which type of communication:

nonverbal

which of the following is the term used to describe any infection that is acquired in a hospital?

nosocomial

when interviewing a patient, what is it the the health care professional can observe?

objective signs

for patients with perforated bowel, which contrast media could be used for a barium enema: 1. barium sulfate 2. omnipaque 3. isovue

omnipaque and isovue

Methods of parenteral drug administration include all the following, EXCEPT A topical B subcutaneous C oral D intramuscular E intrathecal

oral

which of the following conditions describes a patient who is unable to breathe easily while in the recumbent position?

orthopnea

which nonverbal communication term refers to "the demonstration of a movement or gesture"

pantomime

Some patients, such as infants and children, are unable to maintain the necessary radiographic position without assistance. If mechanical restraining devices cannot be used, which of the following should be requested or permitted to hold the patient? A. Transporter B Patient's father C. Patient's mother D. Student radiographer

patient's father

According to the CDC, all the following precaution guidelines are true except

patients under the MRSA precautions require a negative pressure room.

which of the following apply to informed consent? (select 3)

patients who sign their own informed consent must be competent to do so, parents and legal guardians can sign informed consent for minors, all areas of the consent form must be filled out prior to patient and/or guardian signing

which of the following is a violation of correct sterile technique?

persons in sterile dress should pass each other face to face

an iatrogenic infection is one caused by

physician intervention

the term "health care proxy" is synonymous with:

power of attorney

which of the following would be a reason for performing an orbits series? 1. hemolytic anemia 2. prior employment as a steel worker 3. orthopedic implants

prior employment as a steel worker

what should you do if you discover while taking patient history that the patient scheduled for an intravenous urogram (IVU) takes metformin hydrochloride daily but has no evidence of AKI and with eGFR greater than or equal to 30 mL/1.73 squared? 1. proceed with the examination if kidney function is normal. 2. instruct the patient to withhold metformin for 48 hours after the examination 3. reschedule the examination until the patient has been off metformin for 48 hours.

proceed with the examination if kidney function is normal

a patient who is diaphoretic is experiencing

profuse sweating

During a grand mal seizure, the patient should be (A) protected from injury. (B) placed in a semiupright position to prevent aspiration of vomitus. (C) allowed to thrash freely. (D) given a sedative to reduce jerky body movements and reduce the possibility of injury.

protected from injury

which of the following is a condition in which an occluded blood vessel stops blood flow to a portion of the lungs?

pulmonary embolism

which of the following devices is used to determine blood oxygenation levels?

pulse oximeter

the radiographer is required to perform which of the following procedures prior to entering a contact isolation room with a mobile x-ray unit? 1. put on gown and gloves only 2. put on gown, gloves, mask, and cap 3. clean the mobile x-ray unit

put on gown and gloves only

the term used to describe an individual with a core temperature higher than 100 degrees F

pyrexic

the medical abbreviation meaning "every hour" is

qh

pulse is commonly measured at: 1. radial artery 2. carotid artery 3. mandibular artery

radial and carotid

all of the following statements regarding pediatric positioning are true except

radiography of pediatric patients with a myelomeningocele defect should be performed in the supine position

when caring for the elderly, it is important to remember that, as one ages, there is often a decrease in: 1. reaction time 2. strength 3. long-term memory

reaction time and strength

Compared to oral temperature, which of the following temperature sites would result in slightly higher values: (1) Rectal (2) Axillary (3) Forehead

rectal only

nitroglycerin _________ blood vessels, resulting in _________ blood flow.

relaxes; increased

when a patient with an arm injury needs help in undressing, the radiographer should

remove clothing from the uninjured arm first

a radiographer has recently joined your staff. you are aware that this individual has had her ARRT certification revoked. realizing that your state requires certification, you speak to a supervisor about the matter. your supervisor replies that he knows but made an exception "because we are so short staffed." you should

report this directly to the ARRT

tracheotomy is an effective technique most commonly used to restore breathing where there is

respiratory pathway obstruction above the larynx

streptococcus pyogenes, candida albicans, bordettella pertussis, and mycobacterium tuberculosis are pathogens that cause disease in which body system?

respiratory tract

all of the following are part of the patient care partnership except the right to

review any hospital/institutional records

Aspirated foreign bodies in older children and adults are most likely to lodge in the (A) right main bronchus. (B) left main bronchus. (C) esophagus. (D) proximal stomach.

right main stem bronchus

contact precautions are required when handling patients with all of the following except

rubeola

which of the following would be useful for an examination of a patient suffering from parkinson disease? 1. short exposure time 2. high ratio grid 3. compensating filtration

short exposure time

Verbal disclosure of confidential information that is detrimental to the patient is referred to as

slander

Forms of intentional misconduct include 1. slander. 2. invasion of privacy. 3. negligence.

slander and invasion of privacy

Logrolling is a method of moving patients with suspected

spinal injury

an autoclave is used for

steam sterilization

the complete killing of all microorganisms is termed

sterilization

which of the following medical equipment is used to determine blood pressure? 1. pulse oximeter 2. stethoscope 3. sphygmomanometer

stethoscope and sphygmomanometer

of the following, which patient(s) would present an increased risk of barium aspiration during an upper GI series?

stroke patients, mentally challenged patients, and patients with altered mental status (all of the above)

which of the following medication routes refers to the term parenteral? 1. subcutaneous 2. intramuscular 3. oral

subcutaneous and intramuscular

An autoclave provides which method of pathogenic removal?

surgical asepsis

while measuring blood pressure, the first pulse that is heard is recorded as the

systolic pressure

which of the following blood pressure measurements might indicate shock?

systolic pressure lower than 60 mmHg

a patient suffering from hematuria

tests positive for blood in their urine

According to the AHA's Patient Care Partnership, a patient considering options for treatment should be provided which 3 of the following 6 pieces of information:

the benefits and risk of each treatment, whether the treatment is part of a research study, financial obligations for utilizing an uncovered treatment option

when considering blood return from the lungs via the pulmonary veins, which of the following statements are true? (select 2)

the blood is well oxygenated, the blood enters the left atrium

During measurement of blood pressure, which of the following occurs as the radiographer controls arterial tension with the sphygmomanometer? A. The brachial vein is collapsed. B. The brachial artery is temporarily collapsed. C. The antecubital vein is monitored. D. Oxygen saturation of arterial blood is monitored.

the brachial artery is temporarily collapsed

when a radiographer is obtaining a patient history, both subjective and objective data should be obtained. an example of subjective data is that

the patient states that she experiences extreme pain in the upright position

For medicolegal reasons, radiographic images are required to include all the following information except A. the patient's name and/or identification number. B. the patient's birth date. C. a right- or left-side marker. D. the date of the examination.

the patient's birth date

An Advanced Health Care Directive, or living will, is in effect when:

the patient's condition complies with the state living will law

which of the following statements is correct with regard to assisting a patient from a wheelchair to an x-ray table?

the patient's stronger side should be closer to the x-ray table

which of the following are aspects of informed consent: (choose 3)

the provider must discuss the procedure/treatment with the patient and describe what it will entail, alternative procedures and treatments are presented and discussed, the patient must be informed of any risks associated with the procedure or treatment

the expansion and recoil of an artery describes a vital sign measurement called

the pulse

which of the following patient rights is violated by discussing privileged patient information with an individual who is not involved with the patient's care? 1. the right to considerate and respectful care 2. the right to privacy 3. the right to continuity of care

the right to privacy

the higher the gauge number of an intravenous (IV) needle,

the smaller is its diameter

a technologist is performing an assisted transfer from wheelchair radiographic exam table with adjustable height. the patient has previously suffered a CVA and presents with left-side weakness. which four of the following six options will best achieve a successful transfer with reduced chance of injury for both patient and technologist?

the technologist should discuss the steps of the transfer with the patient beforehand to make sure the patient understands, the technologist should squat at the knee and the hip, keeping the back straight offering support and standing with the patient, the wheelchair should be turned toward the table at a 45 degree angle with the patient's strong side closest to the table, the footrests of the wheelchair should be pivoted out of the way or removed before beginning

the legal doctrine res ipsa locquitur means which of the following

the thing speaks for itself

graves disease is associated with

thyroid overactivity

the medical abbreviation meaning "three times a day" is

tid

Hemovac or Penrose drains are used for

tissue drainage of wounds or postoperative drainage.

fluids and medications are administered to patients intravenously for which of the following reasons? 1. to promote rapid response 2. to administer parenteral nutrition 3. to achieve a local effect

to promote rapid response and to administer parenteral nutrition

droplet precautions protect against all of the following except

tuberculosis

A signed consent form is necessary prior to performing all the following procedures except: A. Myelogram B. Cardiac catheterization C. Upper GI series D. Interventional vascular procedure

upper GI series

a consent form, signed by the patient and the physician, is necessary prior to performing all of the following procedures EXCEPT

upper GI series

the most frequent site of hospital acquired infection is the

urinary tract

the medical term for hives is

urticaria

which of the following techniques can help prevent falls during the patient transfers?

utilize the gait belt to help grasp onto the patient while assisting them to a standing position