REHAB 544 Exam 3 Clinical Correlations

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

AVN of the hip in children 3-12 that deforms the femoral head. Treated with splints until acetabulum is fully formed.

Hip Dysplasia

Acetabulum doesn't come together the way it should or in the right orientation

Labral Tear

Appears anteriorly and superiorly mostly in young people/athletes. Accompanied by anterior pain and popping/licking as femoral head rolls over the tear.

Osteoarthritis

Break down of articular cartilage, can get bad enough to have no articular cartilage. Fixed w total hip replacement/arthroplasty.

Osteoporosis

Degeneration/weakening of the trabeculae which weakens the strength of bones overall. Common in women/people with estrogen

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SUEF)

Femoral head separates from the neck and moves anterio-laterally in adolescents (12 for XX and 13.5 for XY). Most common in XY phenotype. Results in isolated hip and thigh pain, altered gait, limited ROM.

Hip Fractures

Femoral head/neck fx are intracapsular and account for 45% of all hip fx in elderly. Susceptible to mal-union or AVN due to poor vascular supply. 50% of fx caused by osteoporosis/osteopenia

Transient Synovitis

Kids (3-8, mostly 5-6) will start limping for about a week. Treated with anti inflammatory medication

Total Knee Arthroplasty

When cartilage wears down and patients need a knee replacement. Spike driven into the tibia with artificial tibial plateau. Prosthetic femoral condoles are attached to the femur. Need to be weight bearing immediately.