renal 14

The nurse is providing supportive care to a client receiving hemodialysis in the management of acute renal failure. Which statement from the nurse best reflects the ability of the kidneys to recover from acute renal failure?

The kidneys can improve over a period of months. Correct

The nurse is reviewing the potassium level of a patient with kidney disease. The results of the test are 6.5 mEq/L, and the nurse observes peaked T waves on the ECG. What priority intervention does the nurse anticipate the physician will order to reduce the potassium level?

Administration of sodium polystyrene sulfonate [Kayexalate])

The dialysate should be warmed in a

commercial warmer

The client with chronic renal failure is exhibiting signs of anemia. Which is the best nursing rationale for this symptom?

diminished erythropoietin production

patient teaching for pruritis

skin clean and dry brief showers with tepid water pat the skin dry use moisturizing lotions /creams avoid scratching use a mild laundry detergent add extra rinse cycle add 1 tsp vinegar per quart of water to the rinse cycle to remove detergent residue.

The most accurate indicator of fluid loss or gain in an acutely ill patient

weight

After teaching a group of students about how to perform peritoneal dialysis, which statement would indicate to the instructor that the students NEED additional teaching?

"It is appropriate to warm the dial sate in a microwave."

1-kg weight gain is equal to

1,000 mL of retained fluid

The client with chronic renal failure complains of intense itching. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for further nursing education?

Brief hot daily showers Hot water removes more oils from the skin and can increase dryness and itching.

Which of the following is as integumentary manifestation of chronic renal failure?

Gray-brown skin color Integumentary manifestations of chronic renal failure include a gray-bronze skin color and ecchymosis.

The nurse is caring for a patient after kidney surgery. What major danger should the nurse closely monitor for?

Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage

Which of the following is used to decrease potassium level seen in acute renal failure?

Kayexalate Kayexalate works by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestinal tract

What are the primary presenting features of acute glomerulonephritis

hematuria edema azotemia proteinuria (>3 to 5 g/day)

A client is admitted for treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF). The nurse knows that this disorder increases the client's risk of:

water and sodium retention secondary to a severe decrease in the glomerular filtration rate.

what are some neurological manifestations of chronic renal failure

Asterixis (flapping arms) tremors seizures

The nurse is reviewing a patient's laboratory results. What findings does the nurse assess that are consistent with acute glomerulonephritis? (Select all that apply.)

Red blood cells in the urine Proteinuria White cell casts in the urine

Mr. Jarvis's renal failure has become chronic. You are seeing him in clinic and he discusses the various signs and symptoms he is experiencing. Select all of the following which you know to be associated with chronic renal failure.

• Lethargy • Muscle cramps • Bleeding of the oral mucous membranes

Which of the following is a term used to describe excessive nitrogenous waster in the blood, as seen in acute glomerulonephritis?

Azotemia

A client with chronic renal failure comes to the clinic for a visit. During the visit, he complains of pruritus. Which suggestion by the nurse would be most appropriate?

Keep your showers brief, patting your skin dry after showering."

A client is admitted with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. His blood pressure on admission is 74/30 mm Hg. The client is oliguric and his blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels are elevated. The physician will most likely write an order for which treatment?

Start I.V. fluids with a normal saline solution bolus followed by a maintenance dose.