reproductive system
All of the following are accessory glands of the male reproductive system except the ______. a. epididymis b. prostate gland c. bulbourethral glands d. seminal vesicles
epididymis
sperm moves from the seminiferous tubules into the rete testis, and then into the ____________. Next, sperm enter the ductus deferns.
epididymis
the ______ a tightly coiled tube on the outside of the testis that leads into the ductus deferens.
epididymis
the site of sperm cell maturation is the ___________. As they pass through this structure, sperm gain the ability to swim.
epididymis
Baby girls are born with ______ oocytes than are present at puberty.
more
Indicate the characteristics of the ductus deferens (vas deferens). a. bear its end, dilates into an ampulla b. it is the site of spermatogenesis c. it is part of the spermatic cord d, it originates at the lower end of the epididymis e. it is located within the prostate gland
near its end it dilates into an ampulla, it is part of the spermatic cord, it originates at the lower end of the epididymis
List three structures located within the spermatic cord. a. urethra b. nerves c. blood vessels d. ductus deferens e. ejaculatory duct
nerves, blood vessels, ductus deferens
where are the seminal vesivles located? a. within the penis b. inferior to the prostaTe gland c. posterior to the urinary bladder d. anterior to the urinary bladder e. within the ductus deferens
posterior to the urinary bladder
Millions of primordial follicles form in the ovarian cortex before birth. A primordial follicle consists of a layer of follicular cells surrounding a single, large cell called a________ oocyte.
primary
The developing female gametes, as they progress through meiosis I, are called ______. a. oogonia b. secondary oocytes c. primary oocytes
primary oocytes
What do oogonia develop into?
primary oocytes
Which structures are formed in the ovary prior to birth? a. first polar bodies b. secondary oocytes c. primordial follices d. zygotes
primordial follices
The pouch of skin and subcutaneous tissue that hangs from the lower abdominal region posterior to the penis and encloses the testes is the ______.
scrotum
the tests are suspended in a pouch of skin, muscle, and fibrous connective tissue called the ___________.
scrotum
The external accessory organs of the male reproductive system are the: a. seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland b. testis and ductus deferens c. penis and prostate gland d. scrotum and penis
scrotum and penis
Which cells in the seminiferous tubule give rise to sperm cells? a. spermatogenic cells b. sustentacular cells c. interstitial cells
spermatogenic cells
The male erectile organ that serves to deposit semen in the vagina is the
penis
Located in the penis are ______ column(s) of corpora cavernosa and ______ column(s) of corpora spongiosa. a. 3;3 b.2;1 c.2;2 d.1;2
2;1
Describe the broad ligament: a. A fold of the peritoneum that attaches each ovary to the posterior side of the round ligament. b. A ligament that extends from the inferior side of the uterus to the vagina. c. A ligament that extends from the ovary to the body wall. d. A fold of peritoneum extending from the lateral uterus to the pelvic wall that attaches to the ovaries and uterine tube.
A fold of peritoneum extending from lateral uterus to pelvic wall that attaches to the ovaries and uterine tube
Describe the dartos muscle. a. The layer of smooth muscle under the superficial fascia of the scrotum. b. The layer of smooth muscle surrounding the vagina c. The layer of muscle surrounding the penile urethra. d. The muscle surrounding the cervical orifice which opens during childbirth.
The layer of smooth muscle under the superficial fascia of the scrotum.
The function of the bulbourethral glands is to secrete ______. a. the hormone testosterone b. a fluid that helps liquify semen after ejaculation c. a fluid that provides nutrients for the sperm d. a fluid that lubricates the end of the penis
a fluid that lubricates the end of the penis
When do the testes descend into the scrotum? a. 6 months after birth b. a month or 2 before birth c. at birth
a month or 2 before birth
the other structures of the male reproductive system are the ___________ __________ organs, and they are responsible for transporting sperm cells and their secretions to the outside of the body, and to secrete male sex hormones.
accessory sex
The gonadotropins FSH and LH are released under the influence of GnRH. FSH and LH are released from the ______. a. anterior pituitary gland b. hypothalamus c. posterior pituitary gland d. testes
anterior pituitary gland
Indicate which organs secrete hormones that control male reproductive functions. a. anterior pituitary gland b. testes c. thyroid gland d. adrenal gland e. hypothalamus
anterior pituitary gland, testes, hypothalamus
The suspensory ligament holds the ovary ______. a. laterally b. as its upper end c. as its lower end
as its upper end
Where is the prostate gland located? a. at the base (proximal end) of the penis b. posterior to the ejaculatory duct c. on the posterior wall of the bladder d. at the base (inferior to) the bladder
at the base the bladder
Which ligament is a fold of peritoneum that extends from the lateral uterus to the pelvic wall? a. round ligament b. cardinal ligament c. broad ligament d. suspensory ligament
broad ligament
Sperm cells cannot fertilize an oocyte until they enter the female reproductive tract. Here they undergo a process called ___________, which weakens the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells.
capacitation
The shaft of the penis is composed of three columns of erectile tissue: a pair of dorsally located corpora ____________ and a single ventral corpus _____________.
cavernosa; spongiosum
The outermost region or layer of the ovary where the oocytes develop is called the_______.
cortex
where is the prepuce found? a. surrounding the testes b. in the testes c. covering the glans penis d. posterior to the urinary bladder
covering the glans penis
The ______ contracts when it is cold, and the scrotum becomes taut and wrinkled, holding the testes snugly against the body. a. epididymis b. seminal vesicle c. dartos muscle
dartos muscle
The tubular structure that originates at the lower end of the epididymis and ends behind the urinary bladder is the
ductus deferens`
The epididymis directs sperm cells into what structure? a. seminal vesicles b. ductus deferens c. prostate gland d. seminiferous tubules
ductus deferns
The epididymis directs sperm cells into what structure? a. seminiferous tubules b. prostate gland c. seminal vesicles d. ductus deferns
ductus deferns
Capacitation is a process that occurs in the ______ and results in ______. a. vas deferens; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells b. female reproductive tract; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells c. vas deferens; motility of the sperm cell d. female reproductive tract motility of the sperm cell
female reproductive tract; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induces the anterior pituitary to secrete the two gonadotropins: ______ and ______. a. androgens b. follice-stimulating hormone c. estrogens d. luteinizing hormone e. testosterone
follice stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
The loose fold of skin at the distal end of the penis that extends to cover the glans penis is called the_______.
foreskin
The corpus spongiosum enlarges at its distal end to form which region of tissue? a. glans penis b. vas deferens c. epididymis
glans penis
The gubernaculum is a connective tissue cord that extends from the ______ to the ______ of a developing fetus. a. gonad, floor of the abdomopelvic cavity b. testis, ureter c. testis, membranous urethra d. ovary, vagina
gonad, floor of abdomopelvic cavity
the primary sex organs of the male reproduct system can also be called what?
gonads
A connective tissue cord that extends from the testis to the floor of the abdominopelvic cavity during development is the________.
gubernaculum
a fibrous cord called the _____ is attached to each developing testis and extends into the inguinal region of the abdominal cavity. It passes through the abdominal wall and is fastened to the skin of the scrotum.
gubernaculum
as the body grows the testis remains anchored to the _______.
gubernaculum
Where are the bulbourethral glands located?
inferior to prostate
guided by the gubernaculum, the testis descend through the ______ canal of the abdominal wall and enters the scrotum, where it remains.
inguinal
Which structures/cells produce the male sex hormones? a. sustentacular cells or sertoli cells b. hypothalamus c. anterior lobe of the pituitary gland d. interstitial cells or cells of leydeg
interstitial cells or cells of leydig
Indicate two characteristics of the fluid produced by seminal vesicles. a. it is a thin, milky fluid containing abundant mucus b. it is an acidic fluid c. it contains fructose d. it contains prostaglandins
it contains fructose, it contains prostaglandins
in a male fetus, the testes form masses of tissue posterior to the parietal peritoneum, near the developing_________.
kidneys
Most androgens are produced by the________ cells of the testes, but the adrenal_______ also synthesizes small amounts.
leydig and cortex
Each testes is divided by septa into a smaller units called ______. a. seminiferous tubules b. epididymis c. scrotum d. lobules
lobules
What is produced by the interstitial cells of the testes? a. gonadotropin-releasing hormone b. sperm cells c. male sex hormones d. estrogens
male sex hormones
Which structure divides the scrotum into right and left compartments?
medial septum
During spermatogenesis, ______ is the process that ensures that each sperm cell will have only 23 chromosomes.
meiosis
Which two processes are included in spermatogenesis? a. Fertilization of an egg by a sperm. b.meiosis c. mitosis d.spermiogenesis
meiosis and spermiogenesis
The female reproductive system produces and maintains the female sex cells, called
oocytes
The ovarian stem cells that generate oocytes are
oogonia
Which term refers to ovarian stem cells that give rise to oocytes? a. polar bodies b. primordial follices c. ova d. oogonia
oogonia
The cortex of the ovary is the ______ layer.
outer
At its lower end, the ovary is attached to the uterus by a rounded, cord-like thickening of the broad ligament, called the_________ ligament.
ovarian
In females, the primary sex organs are the two
ovaries
In the female reproductive system, the pair of solid, ovoid structures that are located in the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity are the ______.
ovaries
The cylindrical organ that conveys urine and semen through the urethra to the outside is the _________.
penis
The organs that produce and secrete oocytes and female sex hormones are called the
ovaries
The solid, ovoid organs of the female reproductive system, located in shallow depressions in the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity, are called the
ovaries
Which of the following is not a function of the female reproductive system? a. provide a favorable environment for a developing offspring b. produce FSH and LH c. produce and maintain the female sex cells d. produce estrogen and progesterone
produce FSH and LH
Identify three functions of the organs of the female reproductive system. a. monitor blood sugar levels b. secrete the gonadotropins FSH and LH c. produce female sex hormones d. produce and maintain female sex cells e. facilitate the development of the offspring
produce female sex hormones, produce and maintain female sex cells, facilitate the development of the offspring
List two functions of the ovaries. a. production of oocytes b. secretion of progesterone and estrogen c. secretion of follice stimulating hormone(FSH) d. secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH)
production of oocytes, secretion of progesterone and estrogen
During which part of meiosis do the nucleoli disappear, chromosomes shorten and thicken, and spindles start to form in the cell? a. prophase I b. anaphase I c. metaphase I d. telophase I
prophase I
In males, which gland is located inferior to the urinary bladder, surrounding the superior portion of the urethra? a. bulbourethal gland b. prostate gland c. epididymis d. seminal vesicle
prostate gland
indicate the 3 male accessory glands: a. seminiferous tubule b.prostate c. ductus deferns d. seminal vesivle e. bulbourethral gland
prostate, seminal vesicle, bulbourethral gland
The fluid expelled during male orgasm is called
semen
The fluid that the urethra conveys to the outside during male ejaculation is called
semen
Each lobule within the testis contains one to four ______ with spermatogenic cells in the epithelial lining. a. ductus deferens b. inguinal canals c. seminiferous tubules d. seminal vesicles
seminiferous tubules
this is the sequence of structures through which sperm will travel after leaving the seminiferous tubules. 1. epididymis 2. ductus deferens 3. ejaculatory duct 4. urethra
seminiferous tubules
A tough, white, fibrous capsule extends into the testis forming thin ______ that divide the testis into ______. a. lobules; seminiferous tubules b. seminiferous tubules; lobules c. lobules; septa d. septa; lobules
septa;lobules
The cells of the seminiferous tubules that support and nourish the sperm-producing cells are called_______ cells.
sertoli
What is the function of the epididymides? a. site of sperm production b. site of fertilization of an oocyte c. site of sperm maturation d. production of testosterone
site of sperm maturation
The male reproductive structures function to produce _______ cells and introduce them into the vagina.
sperm
The process of sperm cell production (including both meiosis and development of sperm from spermatids) is called
spermatogenesis
______ line seminiferous tubules and give rise to sperm cells. ______ lie in between the tubules and secrete male sex hormones. a. interstitial cells; spermatogenic cells b. spermatogenic cells; interstitial cells
spermatogenic cells; interstitial cells
Undifferentiated diploid spermatogenic cells are called________.
spermatogonia
which two processes are included the spermatogenesis? a. spermiogenesis b.mitosis c.fertilization of an egg by a sperm. d. meiosis
spermiogenesis and meiosis
The glans penis is formed by the corpus_______, an area of erectile tissue in the penis.
spongiosum
What is the spermatic cord? a. the main tube of the epididymis b. sac that contains the testes c. the name of the nerve supplying the testes d. structure that suspends the testis in the scrotum
structure that suspends the testis in the scrotum
what is the function of the sustentacular cells? a. act as stem cells for sperm b. produce testosterone c. secrete a component of semen d.support and nourish spermatogenic cells
support and nourish spermatogenic cells
Two endocrine glands (hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland) and a male reproductive organ (________), secrete hormones that maintain sperm cell production and oversee the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics.
testes
the ________ are ovoid structures in which there are 2 that both suspend from the trunk by a spermatic cord, within the cavity of the saclike scrotum.
testes
usually a month or two before birth, the ____ descend to the lower abdominal cavity and pass through the abdominal wall into the scrotum.
testes
Where are androgens produced? a. testes b. hypothalamus c. adrenal cortex d. anterior pituitary gland e. adrenal medulla
testes and adrenal cortex
The descent of the testes into the scrotum is stimulated by the hormone______.
testosterone
What stimulates the testes to descend during development? a. prolactin b. testosterone c. estrogen d. growth hormone
testosterone
the male sex hormone______, the developing testes secrete, stimulates the testes to descend.
testosterone
Which of the following are accessory female sex organs? a. the ovaries b. the uterus c. the uterine tubes d. the vagina
the uterus, uterine tubes, and vagina
Which of the following are accessory female sex organs? a. the uterus b. the vagina c. the ovaries d. the uterine tubes
the uterus, vagina, uterine tubes
When exposed to cold temperatures, the testes move ______ the pelvic cavity. When exposed to warmth, the testes move ______ the pelvic cavity. a. towards; toward b. away from; away from c. away from; toward d. toward; away from
toward; away from
the prostate gland releases its secretions into the____.
urethra