reproductive system

All of the following are accessory glands of the male reproductive system except the ______. a. epididymis b. prostate gland c. bulbourethral glands d. seminal vesicles

epididymis

sperm moves from the seminiferous tubules into the rete testis, and then into the ____________. Next, sperm enter the ductus deferns.

epididymis

the ______ a tightly coiled tube on the outside of the testis that leads into the ductus deferens.

epididymis

the site of sperm cell maturation is the ___________. As they pass through this structure, sperm gain the ability to swim.

epididymis

Baby girls are born with ______ oocytes than are present at puberty.

more

Indicate the characteristics of the ductus deferens (vas deferens). a. bear its end, dilates into an ampulla b. it is the site of spermatogenesis c. it is part of the spermatic cord d, it originates at the lower end of the epididymis e. it is located within the prostate gland

near its end it dilates into an ampulla, it is part of the spermatic cord, it originates at the lower end of the epididymis

List three structures located within the spermatic cord. a. urethra b. nerves c. blood vessels d. ductus deferens e. ejaculatory duct

nerves, blood vessels, ductus deferens

where are the seminal vesivles located? a. within the penis b. inferior to the prostaTe gland c. posterior to the urinary bladder d. anterior to the urinary bladder e. within the ductus deferens

posterior to the urinary bladder

Millions of primordial follicles form in the ovarian cortex before birth. A primordial follicle consists of a layer of follicular cells surrounding a single, large cell called a________ oocyte.

primary

The developing female gametes, as they progress through meiosis I, are called ______. a. oogonia b. secondary oocytes c. primary oocytes

primary oocytes

What do oogonia develop into?

primary oocytes

Which structures are formed in the ovary prior to birth? a. first polar bodies b. secondary oocytes c. primordial follices d. zygotes

primordial follices

The pouch of skin and subcutaneous tissue that hangs from the lower abdominal region posterior to the penis and encloses the testes is the ______.

scrotum

the tests are suspended in a pouch of skin, muscle, and fibrous connective tissue called the ___________.

scrotum

The external accessory organs of the male reproductive system are the: a. seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland b. testis and ductus deferens c. penis and prostate gland d. scrotum and penis

scrotum and penis

Which cells in the seminiferous tubule give rise to sperm cells? a. spermatogenic cells b. sustentacular cells c. interstitial cells

spermatogenic cells

The male erectile organ that serves to deposit semen in the vagina is the

penis

Located in the penis are ______ column(s) of corpora cavernosa and ______ column(s) of corpora spongiosa. a. 3;3 b.2;1 c.2;2 d.1;2

2;1

Describe the broad ligament: a. A fold of the peritoneum that attaches each ovary to the posterior side of the round ligament. b. A ligament that extends from the inferior side of the uterus to the vagina. c. A ligament that extends from the ovary to the body wall. d. A fold of peritoneum extending from the lateral uterus to the pelvic wall that attaches to the ovaries and uterine tube.

A fold of peritoneum extending from lateral uterus to pelvic wall that attaches to the ovaries and uterine tube

Describe the dartos muscle. a. The layer of smooth muscle under the superficial fascia of the scrotum. b. The layer of smooth muscle surrounding the vagina c. The layer of muscle surrounding the penile urethra. d. The muscle surrounding the cervical orifice which opens during childbirth.

The layer of smooth muscle under the superficial fascia of the scrotum.

The function of the bulbourethral glands is to secrete ______. a. the hormone testosterone b. a fluid that helps liquify semen after ejaculation c. a fluid that provides nutrients for the sperm d. a fluid that lubricates the end of the penis

a fluid that lubricates the end of the penis

When do the testes descend into the scrotum? a. 6 months after birth b. a month or 2 before birth c. at birth

a month or 2 before birth

the other structures of the male reproductive system are the ___________ __________ organs, and they are responsible for transporting sperm cells and their secretions to the outside of the body, and to secrete male sex hormones.

accessory sex

The gonadotropins FSH and LH are released under the influence of GnRH. FSH and LH are released from the ______. a. anterior pituitary gland b. hypothalamus c. posterior pituitary gland d. testes

anterior pituitary gland

Indicate which organs secrete hormones that control male reproductive functions. a. anterior pituitary gland b. testes c. thyroid gland d. adrenal gland e. hypothalamus

anterior pituitary gland, testes, hypothalamus

The suspensory ligament holds the ovary ______. a. laterally b. as its upper end c. as its lower end

as its upper end

Where is the prostate gland located? a. at the base (proximal end) of the penis b. posterior to the ejaculatory duct c. on the posterior wall of the bladder d. at the base (inferior to) the bladder

at the base the bladder

Which ligament is a fold of peritoneum that extends from the lateral uterus to the pelvic wall? a. round ligament b. cardinal ligament c. broad ligament d. suspensory ligament

broad ligament

Sperm cells cannot fertilize an oocyte until they enter the female reproductive tract. Here they undergo a process called ___________, which weakens the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells.

capacitation

The shaft of the penis is composed of three columns of erectile tissue: a pair of dorsally located corpora ____________ and a single ventral corpus _____________.

cavernosa; spongiosum

The outermost region or layer of the ovary where the oocytes develop is called the_______.

cortex

where is the prepuce found? a. surrounding the testes b. in the testes c. covering the glans penis d. posterior to the urinary bladder

covering the glans penis

The ______ contracts when it is cold, and the scrotum becomes taut and wrinkled, holding the testes snugly against the body. a. epididymis b. seminal vesicle c. dartos muscle

dartos muscle

The tubular structure that originates at the lower end of the epididymis and ends behind the urinary bladder is the

ductus deferens`

The epididymis directs sperm cells into what structure? a. seminal vesicles b. ductus deferens c. prostate gland d. seminiferous tubules

ductus deferns

The epididymis directs sperm cells into what structure? a. seminiferous tubules b. prostate gland c. seminal vesicles d. ductus deferns

ductus deferns

Capacitation is a process that occurs in the ______ and results in ______. a. vas deferens; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells b. female reproductive tract; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells c. vas deferens; motility of the sperm cell d. female reproductive tract motility of the sperm cell

female reproductive tract; weakening of the acrosomal membranes of sperm cells

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induces the anterior pituitary to secrete the two gonadotropins: ______ and ______. a. androgens b. follice-stimulating hormone c. estrogens d. luteinizing hormone e. testosterone

follice stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

The loose fold of skin at the distal end of the penis that extends to cover the glans penis is called the_______.

foreskin

The corpus spongiosum enlarges at its distal end to form which region of tissue? a. glans penis b. vas deferens c. epididymis

glans penis

The gubernaculum is a connective tissue cord that extends from the ______ to the ______ of a developing fetus. a. gonad, floor of the abdomopelvic cavity b. testis, ureter c. testis, membranous urethra d. ovary, vagina

gonad, floor of abdomopelvic cavity

the primary sex organs of the male reproduct system can also be called what?

gonads

A connective tissue cord that extends from the testis to the floor of the abdominopelvic cavity during development is the________.

gubernaculum

a fibrous cord called the _____ is attached to each developing testis and extends into the inguinal region of the abdominal cavity. It passes through the abdominal wall and is fastened to the skin of the scrotum.

gubernaculum

as the body grows the testis remains anchored to the _______.

gubernaculum

Where are the bulbourethral glands located?

inferior to prostate

guided by the gubernaculum, the testis descend through the ______ canal of the abdominal wall and enters the scrotum, where it remains.

inguinal

Which structures/cells produce the male sex hormones? a. sustentacular cells or sertoli cells b. hypothalamus c. anterior lobe of the pituitary gland d. interstitial cells or cells of leydeg

interstitial cells or cells of leydig

Indicate two characteristics of the fluid produced by seminal vesicles. a. it is a thin, milky fluid containing abundant mucus b. it is an acidic fluid c. it contains fructose d. it contains prostaglandins

it contains fructose, it contains prostaglandins

in a male fetus, the testes form masses of tissue posterior to the parietal peritoneum, near the developing_________.

kidneys

Most androgens are produced by the________ cells of the testes, but the adrenal_______ also synthesizes small amounts.

leydig and cortex

Each testes is divided by septa into a smaller units called ______. a. seminiferous tubules b. epididymis c. scrotum d. lobules

lobules

What is produced by the interstitial cells of the testes? a. gonadotropin-releasing hormone b. sperm cells c. male sex hormones d. estrogens

male sex hormones

Which structure divides the scrotum into right and left compartments?

medial septum

During spermatogenesis, ______ is the process that ensures that each sperm cell will have only 23 chromosomes.

meiosis

Which two processes are included in spermatogenesis? a. Fertilization of an egg by a sperm. b.meiosis c. mitosis d.spermiogenesis

meiosis and spermiogenesis

The female reproductive system produces and maintains the female sex cells, called

oocytes

The ovarian stem cells that generate oocytes are

oogonia

Which term refers to ovarian stem cells that give rise to oocytes? a. polar bodies b. primordial follices c. ova d. oogonia

oogonia

The cortex of the ovary is the ______ layer.

outer

At its lower end, the ovary is attached to the uterus by a rounded, cord-like thickening of the broad ligament, called the_________ ligament.

ovarian

In females, the primary sex organs are the two

ovaries

In the female reproductive system, the pair of solid, ovoid structures that are located in the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity are the ______.

ovaries

The cylindrical organ that conveys urine and semen through the urethra to the outside is the _________.

penis

The organs that produce and secrete oocytes and female sex hormones are called the

ovaries

The solid, ovoid organs of the female reproductive system, located in shallow depressions in the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity, are called the

ovaries

Which of the following is not a function of the female reproductive system? a. provide a favorable environment for a developing offspring b. produce FSH and LH c. produce and maintain the female sex cells d. produce estrogen and progesterone

produce FSH and LH

Identify three functions of the organs of the female reproductive system. a. monitor blood sugar levels b. secrete the gonadotropins FSH and LH c. produce female sex hormones d. produce and maintain female sex cells e. facilitate the development of the offspring

produce female sex hormones, produce and maintain female sex cells, facilitate the development of the offspring

List two functions of the ovaries. a. production of oocytes b. secretion of progesterone and estrogen c. secretion of follice stimulating hormone(FSH) d. secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH)

production of oocytes, secretion of progesterone and estrogen

During which part of meiosis do the nucleoli disappear, chromosomes shorten and thicken, and spindles start to form in the cell? a. prophase I b. anaphase I c. metaphase I d. telophase I

prophase I

In males, which gland is located inferior to the urinary bladder, surrounding the superior portion of the urethra? a. bulbourethal gland b. prostate gland c. epididymis d. seminal vesicle

prostate gland

indicate the 3 male accessory glands: a. seminiferous tubule b.prostate c. ductus deferns d. seminal vesivle e. bulbourethral gland

prostate, seminal vesicle, bulbourethral gland

The fluid expelled during male orgasm is called

semen

The fluid that the urethra conveys to the outside during male ejaculation is called

semen

Each lobule within the testis contains one to four ______ with spermatogenic cells in the epithelial lining. a. ductus deferens b. inguinal canals c. seminiferous tubules d. seminal vesicles

seminiferous tubules

this is the sequence of structures through which sperm will travel after leaving the seminiferous tubules. 1. epididymis 2. ductus deferens 3. ejaculatory duct 4. urethra

seminiferous tubules

A tough, white, fibrous capsule extends into the testis forming thin ______ that divide the testis into ______. a. lobules; seminiferous tubules b. seminiferous tubules; lobules c. lobules; septa d. septa; lobules

septa;lobules

The cells of the seminiferous tubules that support and nourish the sperm-producing cells are called_______ cells.

sertoli

What is the function of the epididymides? a. site of sperm production b. site of fertilization of an oocyte c. site of sperm maturation d. production of testosterone

site of sperm maturation

The male reproductive structures function to produce _______ cells and introduce them into the vagina.

sperm

The process of sperm cell production (including both meiosis and development of sperm from spermatids) is called

spermatogenesis

______ line seminiferous tubules and give rise to sperm cells. ______ lie in between the tubules and secrete male sex hormones. a. interstitial cells; spermatogenic cells b. spermatogenic cells; interstitial cells

spermatogenic cells; interstitial cells

Undifferentiated diploid spermatogenic cells are called________.

spermatogonia

which two processes are included the spermatogenesis? a. spermiogenesis b.mitosis c.fertilization of an egg by a sperm. d. meiosis

spermiogenesis and meiosis

The glans penis is formed by the corpus_______, an area of erectile tissue in the penis.

spongiosum

What is the spermatic cord? a. the main tube of the epididymis b. sac that contains the testes c. the name of the nerve supplying the testes d. structure that suspends the testis in the scrotum

structure that suspends the testis in the scrotum

what is the function of the sustentacular cells? a. act as stem cells for sperm b. produce testosterone c. secrete a component of semen d.support and nourish spermatogenic cells

support and nourish spermatogenic cells

Two endocrine glands (hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland) and a male reproductive organ (________), secrete hormones that maintain sperm cell production and oversee the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics.

testes

the ________ are ovoid structures in which there are 2 that both suspend from the trunk by a spermatic cord, within the cavity of the saclike scrotum.

testes

usually a month or two before birth, the ____ descend to the lower abdominal cavity and pass through the abdominal wall into the scrotum.

testes

Where are androgens produced? a. testes b. hypothalamus c. adrenal cortex d. anterior pituitary gland e. adrenal medulla

testes and adrenal cortex

The descent of the testes into the scrotum is stimulated by the hormone______.

testosterone

What stimulates the testes to descend during development? a. prolactin b. testosterone c. estrogen d. growth hormone

testosterone

the male sex hormone______, the developing testes secrete, stimulates the testes to descend.

testosterone

Which of the following are accessory female sex organs? a. the ovaries b. the uterus c. the uterine tubes d. the vagina

the uterus, uterine tubes, and vagina

Which of the following are accessory female sex organs? a. the uterus b. the vagina c. the ovaries d. the uterine tubes

the uterus, vagina, uterine tubes

When exposed to cold temperatures, the testes move ______ the pelvic cavity. When exposed to warmth, the testes move ______ the pelvic cavity. a. towards; toward b. away from; away from c. away from; toward d. toward; away from

toward; away from

the prostate gland releases its secretions into the____.

urethra