respiratory system

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Asthma

A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Which of the following binds to the protein portion of hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin?

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following are hairlike projections in the nasal cavities responsible for trapping dust and other small particles from entering the respiratory tract?

Cilia

Pons

Controls the rate of breathing, or respiratory rate

Medulla oblongata

Controls the rhythm and depth of breathing or the quality of respirations

respiratory volume

Different volumes of air move in and out of the lungs during different intensities of breathing.

Surfactant

Fatty substance secreted by some alveolar cells that helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse in on themselves between inspirations

Which of the following is the process that contributes to decreased amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood?

Hyperventilation

Which of the following is NOT a bone of the sinuses?

Mandibular

Thoracocentesis

Medical procedure in which a sterile needle is introduced into the chest to remove fluid and pus

What is the medical term for the nostrils?

Nares

Which of the following lists the respiratory structures in order from the point air enters the respiratory system?

Nares, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

glottis

Opening between vocal cords

Bronchioles

Part of the respiratory tract that branches from the tertiary bronchi

Expiration

Process of breathing out; also known as exhalation

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Pump oxygenated blood through the body

Which of the following are functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Reduce the weight of the skull Give the voice its tone Equalize the pressure in the skull

Nasal conchae

Structures that extend from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Thoracostomy

Surgical insertion of a chest tube to provide continuous drainage of the thoracic

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the lungs?

The lungs are located in the pulmonary cavity.

Which of the following are the characteristics of carbon monoxide that are dangerous to humans?

The odorless gas binds more tightly to the molecule than oxygen and overrules oxygen, causing carbon monoxide poisoning. It is poisonous to humans. It is a colorless gas that binds to the same heme area of hemoglobin as does oxygen.

Total lung capacity

Total volume of air that the lungs can hold

Bronchi

Two branches of the trachea that enter the lungs

Functional residual capacity

Volume of air that remains in the lungs following exhalation of resting tidal volume

Expiratory reserve volume

Volume that can be exhaled during forced breathing in addition to resting tidal volume

Alveoli

air sacs in the lungs

The ends of the tertiary bronchi branch out into the bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are the ______, which are sacs of air

alveoli

Allergic rhinitis

an allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus

A condition in which the tubes of the bronchial tree become obstructed due to inflammation is known as

asthma.

The ______ pressure is greater outside the body than inside, causing air to flow passively from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

atmospheric

Inspiration

breathing in

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called

breathing. ventilation. respiration.

During expiration, air rich with ______ flows out of the airways

carbon dioxide

The nasal ______ is the hollow space behind the nose responsible for warming and moistening the external air.

cavity

Thorax

chest, pleural cavity

Atelectasis

collapsed lung

The diaphragm is a muscle that assists in the pulmonary ventilation process by ______ during ventilation.

contracting and relaxing

The purpose of the pleura is to ________ of the membranes during respiration.

decrease friction

Hyperventilation is a condition of rapid deep breathing, causing the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood to

decrease.

The pharynx is an organ of 2 body systems, the respiratory and the

digestive

Air flows into the airways during inspiration because the thoracic cavity

enlarges.

One of the functions of the paranasal sinuses is to reduce the weight of the skull and ______ the pressure between the inside of the skull and the outside environment.

equalize

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs is called ______ respiration

external

Bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchial tubes

During ______, oxygen enters the oropharynx; continues through the sinuses to the larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree; and finally reaches the alveoli in the lungs

inhalation

The 2 events involved in breathing are

inspiration and expiration.

Another name for the ______ is the Adam's apple

larynx

Epiglottic cartilage of the ______ forms the framework of the epiglottis.

larynx

The function of the pharynx is to allow air to flow into the

larynx.

The voice box, which is located superior to and is continuous with the trachea, is also known as the

larynx.

The bones of the skull that contain the sinuses are the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and ______ bones.

maxillae

The functions of the respiratory system are to

move air into and out of the lungs. remove carbon dioxide from the blood. deliver oxygen to body cells through the bloodstream

nares

nose opening

Physicians often refer to the alveoli as the pulmonary ______, meaning working tissue.

parenchyma

Inflammation of the membranes lining the sinus cavities caused by either infection or allergies is diagnosed as

sinusitis

Tidal volume

the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs during the respiratory cycle

The lungs are located in the ______ cavity.

thoracic

Pharynx

throat

The largest of the three cartilage of the larynx is the ______ cartridge

thyroid

Various respiratory ______ are assessed to determine the overall health of the respiratory system.

volumes

trachea

windpipe

The alveoli are the ______ tissue within the lung because they make the exchange of oxygen with carbon dioxide.

working


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