respiratory system
Asthma
A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.
Which of the following binds to the protein portion of hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin?
Carbon dioxide
Which of the following are hairlike projections in the nasal cavities responsible for trapping dust and other small particles from entering the respiratory tract?
Cilia
Pons
Controls the rate of breathing, or respiratory rate
Medulla oblongata
Controls the rhythm and depth of breathing or the quality of respirations
respiratory volume
Different volumes of air move in and out of the lungs during different intensities of breathing.
Surfactant
Fatty substance secreted by some alveolar cells that helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse in on themselves between inspirations
Which of the following is the process that contributes to decreased amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood?
Hyperventilation
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the sinuses?
Mandibular
Thoracocentesis
Medical procedure in which a sterile needle is introduced into the chest to remove fluid and pus
What is the medical term for the nostrils?
Nares
Which of the following lists the respiratory structures in order from the point air enters the respiratory system?
Nares, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs
glottis
Opening between vocal cords
Bronchioles
Part of the respiratory tract that branches from the tertiary bronchi
Expiration
Process of breathing out; also known as exhalation
Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
Pump oxygenated blood through the body
Which of the following are functions of the paranasal sinuses?
Reduce the weight of the skull Give the voice its tone Equalize the pressure in the skull
Nasal conchae
Structures that extend from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
Thoracostomy
Surgical insertion of a chest tube to provide continuous drainage of the thoracic
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the lungs?
The lungs are located in the pulmonary cavity.
Which of the following are the characteristics of carbon monoxide that are dangerous to humans?
The odorless gas binds more tightly to the molecule than oxygen and overrules oxygen, causing carbon monoxide poisoning. It is poisonous to humans. It is a colorless gas that binds to the same heme area of hemoglobin as does oxygen.
Total lung capacity
Total volume of air that the lungs can hold
Bronchi
Two branches of the trachea that enter the lungs
Functional residual capacity
Volume of air that remains in the lungs following exhalation of resting tidal volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Volume that can be exhaled during forced breathing in addition to resting tidal volume
Alveoli
air sacs in the lungs
The ends of the tertiary bronchi branch out into the bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are the ______, which are sacs of air
alveoli
Allergic rhinitis
an allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus
A condition in which the tubes of the bronchial tree become obstructed due to inflammation is known as
asthma.
The ______ pressure is greater outside the body than inside, causing air to flow passively from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.
atmospheric
Inspiration
breathing in
The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called
breathing. ventilation. respiration.
During expiration, air rich with ______ flows out of the airways
carbon dioxide
The nasal ______ is the hollow space behind the nose responsible for warming and moistening the external air.
cavity
Thorax
chest, pleural cavity
Atelectasis
collapsed lung
The diaphragm is a muscle that assists in the pulmonary ventilation process by ______ during ventilation.
contracting and relaxing
The purpose of the pleura is to ________ of the membranes during respiration.
decrease friction
Hyperventilation is a condition of rapid deep breathing, causing the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood to
decrease.
The pharynx is an organ of 2 body systems, the respiratory and the
digestive
Air flows into the airways during inspiration because the thoracic cavity
enlarges.
One of the functions of the paranasal sinuses is to reduce the weight of the skull and ______ the pressure between the inside of the skull and the outside environment.
equalize
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs is called ______ respiration
external
Bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchial tubes
During ______, oxygen enters the oropharynx; continues through the sinuses to the larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree; and finally reaches the alveoli in the lungs
inhalation
The 2 events involved in breathing are
inspiration and expiration.
Another name for the ______ is the Adam's apple
larynx
Epiglottic cartilage of the ______ forms the framework of the epiglottis.
larynx
The function of the pharynx is to allow air to flow into the
larynx.
The voice box, which is located superior to and is continuous with the trachea, is also known as the
larynx.
The bones of the skull that contain the sinuses are the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and ______ bones.
maxillae
The functions of the respiratory system are to
move air into and out of the lungs. remove carbon dioxide from the blood. deliver oxygen to body cells through the bloodstream
nares
nose opening
Physicians often refer to the alveoli as the pulmonary ______, meaning working tissue.
parenchyma
Inflammation of the membranes lining the sinus cavities caused by either infection or allergies is diagnosed as
sinusitis
Tidal volume
the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs during the respiratory cycle
The lungs are located in the ______ cavity.
thoracic
Pharynx
throat
The largest of the three cartilage of the larynx is the ______ cartridge
thyroid
Various respiratory ______ are assessed to determine the overall health of the respiratory system.
volumes
trachea
windpipe
The alveoli are the ______ tissue within the lung because they make the exchange of oxygen with carbon dioxide.
working
