Respiratory System: Gas Exchange
Partial pressures of Carbon Dioxide at 760 mmHg and 747 mmHg
.3 mmHg .3 mmHg
Internal respiration depends on what three factors?
1. Available surface area 2. Partial pressure gradients 3. Variable rate of blood flow varies.
What three factors cause the partial pressures of gases in the alveoli to differ from pressures in the atmosphere?
1. Humidification of air 2. Gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries 3. mixing of new and old air
Efficient external respiration depends on three main factors:
1. Surface area and structure of the respiratory membrane 2. Partial pressure gradients 3. Matching alveolar air flow to pulmonary capillary flow
Partial pressures of Oxygen at 760 mmHg and 747 mmHg
159 mmHg 156 mmHg
Partial pressures of water at 760 mmHg and 747 mmHg
3.5 mmHg 3.4 mmHg
What is the atmospheric pressure on the top of Mt. Whitney?
440 mmHg
Partial pressures of Nitrogen at 760 mmHg and 747 mmHg
597 mmHg 587 mmHg
Calculate the partial pressure of oxygen on the top of Mt. Whitney
92 mmHg
Why does more carbon dioxide dissolve in liquid when both gases are the same pressure?
Carbon dioxide is much more soluble in liquid than oxygen
name the law that explains why carbon dioxide is more soluble in liquid than oxygen
Henry's Law
What makes up the air, (percentage?)
Oxygen (20.9%) Carbon Dioxide (0.04%) Nitrogen (78.6%) Water (0.46%)
The planet Pneumo has a total atmospheric pressure of 900 mmHg. Oxygen and carbon dioxide each constitute 30% of the atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen on the planet Pneumo? Which gas would be found in the highest concentration in your blood?
PO2 =270 mmHg CO2 would be found in the highest concentration in the blood
When air flow is restricted so that the partial pressure of oxygen is low and carbon dioxide is high, what happens to the bronchioles?
dilation (O2 effect)
When air flow is restricted so that the partial pressure of oxygen is low and carbon dioxide is high, what happens to the arterioles?
vasoconstriction (CO2 effect)
