Review Ch. #8

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Worrying about an upcoming test would be likely to increase the alcohol absorption rate in the body.

True

Which substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant?

Nicotine

Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?

Nicotine nasal spray

The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the

blood alcohol concentration.

A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because

carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.

The water that is pulled out of the body due to alcohol's diuretic effect is from

cerebrospinal fluid.

A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as

emphysema

Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT

tolerance to nicotine.

An addictive drug produced by fermentation is

ethyl alcohol.

When women drink alcohol during pregnancy, they can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as

fetal alcohol syndrome

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT

weakness in the limbs.

Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis actually

produce three times more carbon monoxide and nicotine than cigarettes.

Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT

the time of day the alcohol is consumed.

Smoking contributes to heart disease by doing all of the following EXCEPT

thinning the plaque in the major blood vessels.

The effects of alcohol are different for women and men because

women have lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase than men.

The reduction in alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to

zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.

A driver is considered always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of

0.08% or higher.

The depressant effects of alcohol become apparent at a blood alcohol concentration of

0.10 percent

A social norms approach to reducing alcohol consumption would involve

efforts to change the perceived frequency of drinking on campus.

Which population group has the highest rate of smoking?

Native American/AI

How many Americans suffer health disorders each year from smoking tobacco?

10 million

One standard drink equals

12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.

What percentage of Americans abstain from drinking alcohol?

21 percent

How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers?

4 hours

Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as

4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.

What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey?

50 percent

Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly?

50%

Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involves a potentially lethal blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this?

Alcohol poisoning

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use?

Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.

Which substance in cigarettes decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells?

Carbon monoxide

Which of the following is NOT true about alcohol absorption?

Carbonated alcoholic beverages are absorbed less rapidly than those containing no sparkling additives

Which of the following occurs within 24 hours of quitting smoking?

Chance of heart attack decreases.

Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

ETS exposure is higher among African Americans and low-income persons.

If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?

Eat before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.

An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20 percent alcohol by volume.

False

Cigars are less of a health risk than cigarettes.

False

College students who smoke are more likely to have lower levels of perceived stress than nonsmokers.

False

Mixing alcohol with energy drinks reduces the level of alcohol impairment.

False

People who breathe tobacco smoke from another person's cigarette are known as sidestream smokers.

False

Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?

Female college students' alcohol consumption is now close to that of male college students.

Which effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?

It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.

Which of the following is NOT true about smokeless tobacco?

It does not contain cancer-causing substances.

Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?

It forms tar, a thick, brownish sludge.

Which of the following statements about nicotine is TRUE?

It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant.

Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover?

It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.

Which substance in cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation?

Menthol

Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?

Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.

Which of the following is a major contributor to indoor air pollution?

Secondhand smoke

Which substance in cigarettes is a thick, brownish sludge containing carcinogens?

Tar

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.

"Drunkorexia" is a term used to describe behavior that combines heavy drinking and disordered eating.

True

Advertising for cigarettes targets specific groups in society.

True

Alcohol and tobacco result in more deaths each year than all illicit drugs combined.

True

Alcohol intoxication increases the risk of non-consensual sex.

True

Cigarette advertising in the United States that targets children is illegal.

True

Smokers have a 70% higher death rate from heart disease than nonsmokers.

True

Which is TRUE about women and alcoholism?

Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to women and smoking?

Women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers

All of the following are smoking cessation medications EXCEPT

Xenadrine

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alcohol poisoning?

Yellowish tint to the skin

The toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called

acetaldehyde

Marketing of tobacco products currently targets all of the following EXCEPT

affluent citizens in high-income areas.

When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or

alcohol dependence.

Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because

alcohol is a diuretic

Long-term alcohol abusers can develop a chronic and dangerous inflammation of the liver known as

alcoholic hepatitis

Smokeless tobacco users

are 50 times more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.

The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is

cirrhosis

Nicotine paralyzes the cilia on the surfaces of upper respiratory passages and prevents it from

cleaning out foreign matter.

A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n)

congener

Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with

death from alcohol poisoning.

The process by which addicts get an addictive substance out of their system as part of ending their dependence on it is

detoxification

A nicotine inhaler is safer than a nicotine nasal spray because

it is easier to overdose with the nasal spray.

After a night of heavy drinking, John still appears sober while his friends are obviously intoxicated. It is likely that John has developed

learned behavioral tolerance

Chewing tobacco can lead to a condition characterized by leathery white patches inside the mouth known as

leukoplakia

The main site of alcohol metabolism is the

liver

The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include

mental retardation.

Colleges have implemented programs to reduce alcohol use that include a nonjudgmental approach to working with students known as

motivational interviewing.

Environmental cues such as drinking a cup of coffee or finishing a meal can induce a craving for nicotine; these cues are known as

pairings

Eating food when drinking alcohol

slows alcohol absorption.

Approximately 20 percent of alcohol is diffused through the

stomach lining


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