Review Ch. #8
Worrying about an upcoming test would be likely to increase the alcohol absorption rate in the body.
True
Which substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant?
Nicotine
Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?
Nicotine nasal spray
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the
blood alcohol concentration.
A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because
carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.
The water that is pulled out of the body due to alcohol's diuretic effect is from
cerebrospinal fluid.
A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as
emphysema
Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT
tolerance to nicotine.
An addictive drug produced by fermentation is
ethyl alcohol.
When women drink alcohol during pregnancy, they can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as
fetal alcohol syndrome
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT
weakness in the limbs.
Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis actually
produce three times more carbon monoxide and nicotine than cigarettes.
Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT
the time of day the alcohol is consumed.
Smoking contributes to heart disease by doing all of the following EXCEPT
thinning the plaque in the major blood vessels.
The effects of alcohol are different for women and men because
women have lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase than men.
The reduction in alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to
zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.
A driver is considered always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of
0.08% or higher.
The depressant effects of alcohol become apparent at a blood alcohol concentration of
0.10 percent
A social norms approach to reducing alcohol consumption would involve
efforts to change the perceived frequency of drinking on campus.
Which population group has the highest rate of smoking?
Native American/AI
How many Americans suffer health disorders each year from smoking tobacco?
10 million
One standard drink equals
12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
What percentage of Americans abstain from drinking alcohol?
21 percent
How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers?
4 hours
Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as
4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey?
50 percent
Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly?
50%
Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involves a potentially lethal blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this?
Alcohol poisoning
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use?
Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.
Which substance in cigarettes decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells?
Carbon monoxide
Which of the following is NOT true about alcohol absorption?
Carbonated alcoholic beverages are absorbed less rapidly than those containing no sparkling additives
Which of the following occurs within 24 hours of quitting smoking?
Chance of heart attack decreases.
Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?
ETS exposure is higher among African Americans and low-income persons.
If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?
Eat before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.
An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20 percent alcohol by volume.
False
Cigars are less of a health risk than cigarettes.
False
College students who smoke are more likely to have lower levels of perceived stress than nonsmokers.
False
Mixing alcohol with energy drinks reduces the level of alcohol impairment.
False
People who breathe tobacco smoke from another person's cigarette are known as sidestream smokers.
False
Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?
Female college students' alcohol consumption is now close to that of male college students.
Which effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?
It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.
Which of the following is NOT true about smokeless tobacco?
It does not contain cancer-causing substances.
Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?
It forms tar, a thick, brownish sludge.
Which of the following statements about nicotine is TRUE?
It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant.
Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover?
It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.
Which substance in cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation?
Menthol
Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?
Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.
Which of the following is a major contributor to indoor air pollution?
Secondhand smoke
Which substance in cigarettes is a thick, brownish sludge containing carcinogens?
Tar
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.
"Drunkorexia" is a term used to describe behavior that combines heavy drinking and disordered eating.
True
Advertising for cigarettes targets specific groups in society.
True
Alcohol and tobacco result in more deaths each year than all illicit drugs combined.
True
Alcohol intoxication increases the risk of non-consensual sex.
True
Cigarette advertising in the United States that targets children is illegal.
True
Smokers have a 70% higher death rate from heart disease than nonsmokers.
True
Which is TRUE about women and alcoholism?
Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to women and smoking?
Women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers
All of the following are smoking cessation medications EXCEPT
Xenadrine
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alcohol poisoning?
Yellowish tint to the skin
The toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called
acetaldehyde
Marketing of tobacco products currently targets all of the following EXCEPT
affluent citizens in high-income areas.
When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or
alcohol dependence.
Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because
alcohol is a diuretic
Long-term alcohol abusers can develop a chronic and dangerous inflammation of the liver known as
alcoholic hepatitis
Smokeless tobacco users
are 50 times more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.
The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is
cirrhosis
Nicotine paralyzes the cilia on the surfaces of upper respiratory passages and prevents it from
cleaning out foreign matter.
A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n)
congener
Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with
death from alcohol poisoning.
The process by which addicts get an addictive substance out of their system as part of ending their dependence on it is
detoxification
A nicotine inhaler is safer than a nicotine nasal spray because
it is easier to overdose with the nasal spray.
After a night of heavy drinking, John still appears sober while his friends are obviously intoxicated. It is likely that John has developed
learned behavioral tolerance
Chewing tobacco can lead to a condition characterized by leathery white patches inside the mouth known as
leukoplakia
The main site of alcohol metabolism is the
liver
The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include
mental retardation.
Colleges have implemented programs to reduce alcohol use that include a nonjudgmental approach to working with students known as
motivational interviewing.
Environmental cues such as drinking a cup of coffee or finishing a meal can induce a craving for nicotine; these cues are known as
pairings
Eating food when drinking alcohol
slows alcohol absorption.
Approximately 20 percent of alcohol is diffused through the
stomach lining