Rock Cycle Quiz
What are the processes that can change rocks from one form to another?
Weathering, erosion, compaction, cementation, melting, cooling
What are some examples of metamorphic rocks?
Quartzite, slate, marble, gneiss, shcist, phyllite, and serpentine
What is compaction?
Reduced in size by pressure
Where is sedimentary rock found?
The bottoms of lakes and oceans
What does metamorphosis mean?
A noticeable or complete change of character, appearance, or condition
What is the rock cycle?
A series of processes on and beneath Earth's surface that slowly change rocks from one kind to another
How does limestone form?
By chemical precipitations or by organic activity
How does the rate of cooling affect the type of igneous rock formed?
Determines the rock's texture; slow cooling produces coarse-textured minerals; fast cooling causes fine-textured minerals.
What is cementation?
Filled in with cementing agents
How is igneous rock formed?
Formed from liquid rock called magma; if they crystallize and solidify below the Earth, they are intrusive; if they form on the surface, they are extrusive
What is the most common igneous rock?
Granite
What Earth forces cause metamorphic rocks to form?
Heat, pressure, and chemical action
What is the difference between acidic and basic igneous rocks?
High silica content and are light in weight and color; rich in iron and magnesium, dark, and heavy
What are the three basic types of rock?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Why would lava cool more quickly than magma?
Lava is a fine-textured mineral and magma is a coarse-textured mineral
What is magma?
Melted rock
What do we call metamorphic rock formed from sedimentary rock? From igneous rock?
Meta-sedimentary rocks and meta-igneous rocks, respectively
Where do many sedimentary rocks form?
Over much of the North American continent
What is the study of rocks called?
Petrology
What is deposition?
Process in which sediment is laid down
What is weathering?
Process that breaks down rock
What is erosion?
Process when sediments move from place to place
What are extrusive rocks?
Rocks that are formed as lava cools on or near Earth's surface
What is an intrusive rock?
Rocks that form below Earth's surface
What do sand and mud become when they form sedimentary rock?
Sandstone and shale, respectively
Conglomerates form from what kind of rocks?
Sedimentary rocks that have metamorphosed
What is a rock?
Something that is made up of a mineral or a mixture of minerals; can also contain sediments or the fossilized remains of plants and animals
What forces on Earth causes rocks to form?
Temperature, pressure, and chemical reactions
What natural activites work to break down rock?
Water, wind, waves, and gravity
How are igneous rocks formed?
When magma cools
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
When rocks are subjected to heat and pressure in the Earth's crust
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
When weathering breaks a rock, it turns into sediments, and are then pressed and cemented together
What can rocks tell us about the Earth's past?
Where rivers used to flow, where huge inland seas were located, and what lived in these waters
How does nature move and lay down (DEPOSIT) rock?
Wind, rain`
What are some of nature's tools to erode rocks?
Wind, sun, ice, rain
