Russian Revolution Vocabulary Quiz (Ch. 11/Sec. 5)

Cheka

early Soviet secret police force

Commissar

Communist party officials assigned to the army to teach party principles and ensure party loyalty during the Russian Revolution

New Economic Policy

Policy proclaimed by Vladimir Lenin in 1924(?) (1921-1928) to encourage the revival of the Soviet economy by allowing small private business and farming using markets instead of communist state ownership. His idea was that the Soviet state would just control "the commanding heights" of the economy like major industry, while allowing ordinary citizens to operate business and property ownership as normal.

New Economic Policy

Policy proclaimed by Vladimir Lenin in 1924(?) (1921-1928) to encourage the revival of the Soviet economy by allowing small private business and farming using markets instead of communist state ownership. His idea was that the Soviet state would just control "the commanding heights" of the economy like major industry, while allowing ordinary citizens to operate business and property ownership as normal. Joseph Stalin ended this in 1928 and replaced it with greater state ownership, collectivization, and a series of Five-Year Plans.

Tsarina Alexandra

Wife of Nicholas II. She allowed Rasputin to control government and went into shock when he was assassinated. She was Queen Victoria's granddaughter.

Abdicate

To give up a position, right, or power

"Peace, Land, and Bread!"

What Lenin and the Bolsheviks promised to the hungry, war-weary Russians. The slogan used by Lenin to win the support of the people; Peace appealed to the soldiers; Land appealed to the peasants; and Bread appealed to the workers. It is the promise Lenin made to his supporters on his arrival in April 1917 in Russia after his exile abroad (in Germany).

"Peace, Land, and Bread!"

What Lenin and the Bolsheviks promised tot he hungry, war-weary Russians. The slogan used by Lenin to win the support of the people; Peace appealed to the soldiers; Land appealed to the peasants; and Bread appealed to the workers. It is the promise Lenin made to his supporters on his arrival in April 1917 in Russia after his exile abroad (in Germany); used to gain support from the peasants, urban workers, and soldiers by promising "peace, land, and bread."

Soviets

A Russian council composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers; A soviet was a local ruling council elected by workers.

Russian Civil War (Reds vs. Whites) (1918-1921)

-Reds (Bolsheviks) were supporters of Vladimir Lenin and Communism. -Whites (Loyalists) were supporters of Czar Nicholas II coming back to the throne to rule Russia. -Reds defeat the Whites and create Communist Russia. -The Czars family is executed so the Romanovs could never rule Russia again -(U.S.S.R)-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Also known as the Soviet Union (1922)

Tsar Nicholas II

Before the Russian Revolution, the country was ruled by a king, Tsar Nicholas II. He was the last Tsar of Russia and the end of the Romanov line. Was executed along with the rest of his family under the order of Lenin. He was a weak and ineffective leader.

Bolsheviks

A radical socialist group. A party of revolutionary Marxists, led by Vladimir Lenin, who seized power in Russia in 1917.

Gregory Rasputin

A self proclaimed holy man who hurt the reputation of the royal family. The Tsarina believed he was close to God and could cure Alexei, the Tsarevich, of hemophilia. He came to have power over Tsarina. In 1916 had immense amount of power over Alexandria, he appointed officials. He was assassinated on December 30, 1916.

"War Communism"

A system introduced under Bolshevik rule after 1917 which involved land being seized and redistributed, factories given to the workers, banks being nationalized, and church property being granted to the state. This was enforced by the Cheka.

Provisional Government

A temporary government created by the Duma after the abdication of the czar; it made the decision to remain in World War One, costing it the support of the soviets and the people; Temporary government led by Alexander Kerensky

November 1917 Revolution

It's taken place in Petrograd . The reason why it is started we're because the provisional Government said they would give lands to the peasants which they didn't so the peasants start the revolution. Bolsheviks fought under Lenin to overthrow the provisional government, treaty of Brest-Litovsk ended the war between Russia and Germany. This helped the Bolsheviks gain and hold political control because it toppled provisional government and gave power to Bolsheviks; Led by a man named Vladimir Lenin, a group of Communists named the Bolsheviks took control of the Russian government in a bloodless coup [a forced overthrow of the government in which no one was killed] called the November (or Bolshevik) Revolution.

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin)

Opponent of Tsarist Russia, began to immerse himself in Marxian socialist ideas as a law student. He then went on to form the Bolsheviks, and tried to start a revolution in July 1917. It failed, he went into hiding, but regrouped in Petrograd, where he and his partner Trotsky gained power. He then moved on government buildings, and was declared the head of the new Bolshevik government; Leader of Bolsheviks.

Duma

The elected parliament. Though through establishing this is seemed like the Czar was giving his people power, in reality he could easily get rid of this if they made any laws or such that he didn't like; a legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics of the former Soviet Union;a group of elected officials

March 1917 Revolution

Tsar Nicholas was forced to abdicate throne, provisional government was put in place (very weak), there was a rise of the Marxist Bolsheviks. It gave power to middle-class liberals who aimed to establish a limited monarchy, power in the cities grew in local councils of workers called Soviets; The March Revolution of 1917 dethroned Nicholas II but failed to put a strong government in his place.

U.S.S.R.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Created by Lenin in 1922.