Saxon Math 8/7 Lesson 1 terms
equation
A mathematical sentence that contains an equals sign. 3 + 4 = 7 5 + a = 9
perfect square
A number multiplied by itself 1 × 1 = 1 2 × 2 = 4 3 × 3= 9
braces
Symbols which are used to designate a set, { }
operations of arithmetic
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
inverse operations
two operations that undo each other, such as addition and subtraction. we can "undo" an addition by subtracting one of the addends from the sum. 2+3=5 5-3=2
property of zero for multiplication
zero times any number is zero a x 0= 0
number line
A diagram that represents numbers as points on a line. 0 is the point of origin, numbers to the right are positive and greater than (>) 0 numbers to the left are negative and less than (<) 0
factor
A number that is multiplied by another number to get a product
associative property of addition
Changing the grouping of three or more addends does not change the sum. (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
associative property of multiplication
Changing the grouping of three or more factors does not change the product. (a x b) x c = a x (b x c)
commutative property of addition
Changing the order of the addends does not change the sum. a + b = b + a
commutative property of multiplication
Changing the order of the factors does not change the product. a × b = b × a
identity property of addition
If you add zero to a number, the sum is the same as that number. a + 0 = a
identity property of multiplication
If you multiply a number by one, the product is the same as that number. a x 1 = a
whole numbers
Includes zero with the counting numbers. (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...)
counting numbers
The numbers used to count; also known as natural numbers
decimal point
The symbol in a decimal number used as a reference point for place value. ex) 34.15
fact family
a group of related facts using the same numbers 2+3=5 3+2=5 5-3=2 5-2=3
addend
a number that is added to another number
comparison symbols
greater than/ less than, equal to ( > < ) (=) our rule: the alligator eats the larger number, or the arrow points to the smaller number.
variables
letters used to represent unknown quantities
evaluate an expression
replacing each variable in the expression with a given value and simplifying the result
quotient
the answer to a division problem
product
the answer to a multiplication problem
difference
the answer to a subtraction problem
sum
the answer to an addition problem
dividend
the number that is being divided; the number inside the division house or the number on top of a division problem.
subtrahend
the number that is being subtracted or taken away
divisor
the number you divide by; the number knocking at the door of the division house or on bottom of a division problem.
binary
the operations of arithmetic are BINARY, which means we only work with two numbers in each step. This is why we have PEMDAS to help determine the order of operations we should evaluate first.
ellipsis
the three dots ... mean that the list is infinite (goes on without end)
minuend
the top number in a subtraction problem that is being subtracted from.
