Science chapter 10 the periodic table

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Physical properties of metals

Luster, conductivity, ductility, malleability, density, strength, boiling point, melting point

Name 3 properties of metals?

Luster, malleability, ductility

Organize the following metals from least metallic to most metallic: barium, zinc, iron, and strontium

Zinc, Iron, Strontium, Barium

With which type of metal would you use for gunpowder or fireworks?

Alkali and alkaline earth

Elements that have the lowest densities of all the metals are called ______ ______

Alkali metals

Mallebility

Ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets

Know the valuable properties of the actinide series elements?

Actinide series elements, such as plutonium, are used as fuel for nuclear reactors.

Classify each marked element, 1 and 2, as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid

1- metal 2-nonmetal

What does the decimal number in an element key represent?

A- atomic mass

The ______ ____ increases by one for each element as you move left to right across a period

Atomic number

Name 3 elements that are named after someone

Bohrium, seaborgium, meitnerium

Periodic table

Chart of the elements arranged into rows and columns according to their physical and chemical properties

Group

Column on the periodic table

Semiconductor

Conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures

Evaluate the physical properties of potassium, magnesium, and copper. Select the best choice to use for a building project. Explain why this building material is the best building material to use.

Copper because both magnesium and potassium explode when exposed to water and air

Which is a chemical property of transition metals?

D- reacts little with oxygen

Luster

Describes the ability of a metal to reflect light

Who created the periodic table?

Dimitri Mendeleev

Chemical properties of metals

Do not easily react with other substances

Alkaline earth metals

Don't react as quickly with other elements . Do not occur naturally. Combine with other elements to form compounds. Soft and silvery. Low densities.

Identify the property that makes copper metal ideal for wiring.

Ductility

Halogen

Element in group 17 of the periodic table

Metalliod

Element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals

Metal

Element that is generally shiny. It is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets. A metal is a good conductor of electricity and thermal energy.

Alkali metals

Elements in group 1

Noble gases

Elements in group 18

Alkaline metals

Elements in group 2 of the periodic table

Transition metals

Elements in groups 3-12

Nonmetals

Elements that have no metallic properties

Know the parts of an element key.

For example: Element- Helium Atomic number- 2 *balloon*- State of matter Symbol- He Mass- 4.00

Name the scientific term used for columns used on the periodic table.

Group

Name two nonmetals

Helium and oxygen

Transition metals

Higher melting points, greater strength, and higher densities. React less quickly with oxygen. Some occur as free elements, not as compounds

What is the most abundant element in the universe?

Hydrogen

Know the valuable properties of the lanthanide series elements

Lanthanide series elements are used to make strong magnets.

List the physical properties that most metals have in common

Luster, conductivity, ductility, and malleability

Know that Mendeleev predicted the existence and properties of elements that were not known at the time he developed the periodic table

Mendeleev predicted this because he knew each element in each column had the same properties. There were also some gaps between the known elements. Mendeleev predicted scientists would find them.

Know the history of the periodic table, especially as developed by Mendeleev.

Mendeleev studied the physical properties, such as density, color, melting, point, and atomic mass. He also noted chemical properties such as how each element reacted with other elements. He arranged the elements in a list using their atomic masses.

What is francium?

Metal

What is mercury?

Metal

What is zinc?

Metal

What are the 3 basic sections of the periodic table?

Metal- element that is generally shiny. It is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets. A metal is a good conductor of electricity and thermal energy. Nonmetal- elements that have no metallic properties. Metalloid- element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals

Know that metallic properties increase as you move from the top right (not metallic) to the bottom left (most metallic)

Metallic properties tend to increase as you move down a group and across a period. Zinc is the least metallic, and francium is the most metallic, and it is the most explosive.

What is silicon?

Metalliod

Know how nonmetals are different from metals

Metals are ductile, malleable, and good conductors of electricity and thermal energy. All are solids except mercury at room temperature. Nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Those that are solid at room temperature have a dull surface, which means they have no luster. They are good insulators.

Examine this section of the periodic table. What metal will have properties most similar to those of chromium (Cr)? Why?

Molybdenum because it is under chromium.

What are the names of the 5 pieces of information in a square of an element in the periodic table?

Name, symbol, atomic mass, atomic number, state of matter

Identify. Copy and fill in the graphic organizer below to identify the color coded regions of the periodic table.

No metal, metalloids

What is oxygen?

Nonmetal

Know the physical and chemical properties of nonmetals and metalliods

Nonmetals- many are gases at room temperature. Solids have a dull surface, so no luster. Poor conductors of electricity, but good insulators. Metalloids- Semiconductors. Act as metals and conductors at high temperatures. Act as nonmetals and stop electricity from flowing at low temperatures.

What are the 4 basic elements that make up a living thing?

Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen

Know the 4 elements most common in the human body

Oxygen- 65% Carbon- 18.5% Hydrogen- 9.5% Nitrogen-3.3%

Where will element 119 go on the periodic table?

Period 8, Group 1a

What is the name of the chart with all of the elements organized?

Periodic table

Identify the scientific term used for rows on the periodic table.

Periods

Know how the periodic table is organized: periods, groups, increasing atomic number, etc.

Periods- rows on periodic table. There are 7 periods. Groups- columns on periodic table. There are 18 groups. Increasing atomic number- number of protons in that element. The periodic table is organized by this way.

Name 3 elements that are named after planets

Plutonium, neptunium, uranium

Predict. Look at the periodic table and predict three elements that have lower melting points than calcium (Ca).

Potassium, Bromine, and Krypton

Period 6, Group 8a

Radon

Alkali metals

React quickly with other elements, such as oxygen. They only occur in compounds. They have a silvery appearance. Soft enough to cut with a knife. Have the lowest densities.

Periods

Rows on the periodic table

Which item conducts electricity at high temperatures but not at low temperatures?

Semiconductor

What element is most used than any other for electronic devices?

Silicon

Investigate your classroom and locate five example of materials made from metal.

Sink, desk legs, eraser holder on whiteboard, vents, file cabinet

What is the element in Period 5, Group 2?

Strontium

Ductility

The ability to be pulled into thin wires

Know that semiconductors are a useful form of metalloids, and silicon is the most common metalloid made into a semiconductor

This property is useful in electronic devices, such as computers, televisions, and solar cells. Silicon, combined with other elements, makes sand, glass, electronic devices, and medical tubing.

Name an actinide that exists naturally on Earth

Thorium

With which type of metal would you build a bridge?

Transition

To which series does the lanthanide/actinide series belong to?

Transition metal

Period 7, Group 8a

Ununoctium or Oganesson


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