Science, Chapter 2
What percentage of energy is typically transferred between each level of a trophic pyramid?
10%
How is a decomposer also a consumer?
A decomposer consumes the remains of other organisms.
Which of these describes a purpose of a food chain?
A food chain tracks the transfer of matter and energy.
Which of these describes a direct effect of an interaction in a food web?
An increase in rabbits causes a decrease in plant populations.
A food chain is...
An individual path in a food web.
What is an example of a decomposer?
Bacteria
Matter flowing through a food web...
Can take more than one path.
What trophic level has the most energy?
First stage consumers
How do food webs represent the flow of energy in the model?
Food web models represent energy flow using arrows.
Food web diagrams help scientists understand...
How matter and energy flows among populations of organisms in an ecosystem.
A trophic pyramid is a model that shows...
How much energy flows from one stage to the next in a food chain.
Why isn't all of one prey's matter transferred to the predator that consumes it?
Matter can become waste, Matter can be lost as carbon dioxide, Matter can be lost to the environment.
Is a mushroom a form of waste?
No
An indirect effect is an interaction in a food web where...
One population affects the abundance of another through its effect on a third population.
How do producers get their matter and energy from decomposers?
Producers absorb the raw materials that decomposers produce.
How did the Finnish scientists who were trying to restore Lake Vesijärvi's oxygen modify their first design?
Scientists added top predators to the lake.
What do trophic pyramids demonstrate about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?
The amount of energy available to each organism decreases as it flows through the ecosystem.
A food web is a model that shows...
The feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.
What was the result of the Finnish scientists' first design to restore Lake Vesijärvi's clear waters?
Their first solution did not meet the criteria of restoring the lake's oxygen.
How do trophic pyramids get their shape?
Trophic pyramids get their shape from the loss of energy that happens at each stage.
Do decomposers keep consumers healthy?
Yes