Science Final 8th Grade Physical Science

How many calories are in 1 Kilocalorie?

1,000

Which has the most gravitational energy? A skier at 100 feet or 1000 feet.

1000 feet

What is the atomic number of a Carbon atom that has 6 protons

6

Rate of change in velocity is known as...

Acceleration

On the pH scale, what is a 1?

Acid

What are the basic Building blocks of almost all the matter around you?

Atoms

Symbol for carbon

C

A spoon on a stove is an example of what type of heat transfer?

Conduction

A pot of boiling water is an example of what type of heat transfer?

Convection

_______________ reactions require energy to keep going

Endothermic

What do waves transfer?

Energy

_____________ reactions give off energy

Exothermic

__________ is a force that opposes the motion of an object.

Friction

What has the highest wavelength, gamma or radio waves?

Gamma

What is the chemical symbol for water

H20

The tendency of object to resist a change in motion is called what?

Inertia

What is the unit used to measure work called?

Joule

What states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed?

Law of Conservation of Matter

______ are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Liquids

_____________ are substances that are both metals and nonmetals

Metalloids

On the pH scale , what is 7 said to be?

Neutral

unit of force

Newton (N)

The general form for a chemical equation is reactant + reactant --> ___________ + Product

Product

What is the process by which heat energy gets to Earth by the Sun?

Radiation

___________ is the bouncing of waves off a surface.

Reflection

A pencil in a clear cup of water is an example of reflection or refraction?

Refraction

______________ is the bending of light rays as they pass through a lens.

Refraction

___________ is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Temperature

The formula for Density is Mass/______

Volume

An ________ is a compound that tastes sour, reacts with metals and turns blue litmus red

acid

An ________ is a mixture of two or more elements

alloy

The __________ ____________ is the number of protons in the nucleus

atomic number

A _____ is a compound that tastes bitter, feels slippery and turns litmus blue

base

On the pH scale, what is a 14?

base

A ________ is a material that increases the speed of a reaction by lowering activation energy

catalyst

Plants convert light energy into ___________ energy.

chemical

a _______ change is when one substance is changed into another

chemical

_______ _______ are made up of two or more simple machines

compound machines

__________ are the pure substances made of two or more different elements

compounds

_______ is material through which electric charges can easily flow

conductor

A __________ bond is a chemical bond that forms when 2 atoms share electrons

covalent

The top of a wave is called the ______.

crest

Solar panels change radiant energy to __________ energy.

electrical

An ________ is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

element

Frying an egg is an example of an _____________ reaction.

endothermic

ability to do work

energy

an __________ __________ is the specific amount of energy an electron has

energy level

A log on fire is an example of an ___________ reaction.

exothermic

A push or pull is an example of what?

force

Which state of matter are molecules able to move freely?

gas

_______ is a force that attracts objects toward each other

gravity

the vertical column in the periodic table is a ________

group

A __________ ion (OH-) is a negative ion made of oxygen and hydrogen.

hydroxide

An _____ is a material used to slow down a reaction

inhibitor

Atom with the same # of protons and different # if neutrons of the same element is an

isotope

Electricity is an example of _________ energy.

kinetic

Something falling is an example of ______ energy.

kinetic

A roller coaster in motion is an ex. of

kinetic energy

_______ simple machine made up of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum

lever

A metal that is easily hammered is said to be what?

malleable

Potential energy = _______ x height (mh)

mass

_______is the amount of matter in an object

mass

the ________ _________ of an atom is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

mass number

A car burning fuels changes chemical energy into __________ energy.

mechanical

______ is change in an object position over time

motion

Electrons have a what charge?

negative -

A ________ is a particle in the nucleus that is electrically neutral

neutron

A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally is said to be a ________ bond

nonpolar

An _____ ______ has only one path for the current to take

open circuit

Each horizontal row in the periodic table is called

period

Color, hardness, magnetism, and state are ________ properties

physical

forth stae of matter is called

plasma

a _________ bond is a covalent bond in which electrons are shared

polar

Protons have a _______ charge.

positive +

A ride at the top of a roller coaster is an example of __________ energy.

potential

Carrying a bowling ball up a ladder is an example of ________ energy.

potential

The formula for mechanical energy is ______ energy + kinetic energy.

potential

The greater the rise the greater the _______ energy.

potential

A __________ are the new substances you begin with.

product

what is 2,000 times bigger than the other, proton or electron?

proton

the atomic number of a substance is the number of ___________

protons

what type of simple machine is used to pull a flag up a pole?

pulley

The transfer of heat without matter is called __________.

radiation

A _______ is the substances you begin with.

reactant

We have a blue sky because the wavelength is ________ the most.

refracted

Placing the north end of two magnets together ______ each other

repels

The smaller part of a solution is called what?

solute

the largest part of the solution is called......

solvent

______ is measure of the distance traveled per unit of time

speed

Phase change from solid directly to gas is called

sublimation

the max speed an object reaches as it falls is known as _______ _______

terminal velocity

log burning converts chemical energy into _____ _____

thermal energy

a _______ bond forms when 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

triple

The lowest part of a wave is called _________.

trough

___________ electrons are the electrons the outermost energy level of an atom

valence

the process in which a liquid changes to a gas is called.....

vaporization

Speed in a particular direction is called what?

velocity

_______ measures the force of gravity

weight