Science Midterm

clouds denoted by the prefix alto form

2000 to 6000 meters above the ground

before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to

4 degrees celcius

which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?

Iron

Warm air rises and cools as it expands. Warm air will continue to rise as long as it is

Warmer and less dense that the surrounding air

When a cold air mass moves into a region occupied by a warm air mass the contact zone is

a cold front

sand on the beach is an example of

a heterogeneous mixture

Compared to a giant ice berg, a hot cup of coffee has

a higher temperature but less thermal energy

When a warm air mass moves into a region occupied by a cold air mass, the contact zone is

a warm front

severe thunderstorms are common

all over the US

As an air parcel expands and cools or compresses and warms with no interchange of heat with its surroundings the situation is called

an adiabatic process

When weather forecasters compare present features of the weather with weather conditions produced by such features in the past they are using the

analog method

Pour a liter of water at 40 degrees celsius into a liter of water at 20 degrees celsius and the final temperature of the two become

at or about 30 degrees celsius

lightning occurs as water droplets in a cloud become electrically charged

at the top of the cloud

Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated up the gap

becomes wider

lower temperatures can be expected

behind an advancing cold front

warmer temperatures can be expected

behind an advancing warm front

The amount of water vapor in the air can hold depends on air temperature. At higher temperature the air

can hold more water vapor

------- is an element

carbon

Cooking egg

chemical change

burning gasoline

chemical change

decomposing water

chemical change

fermenting fruit juice

chemical change

Cloud types associated with stable air includ

cirrostratus altostratus and stratus clouds

Clouds that are generally develop 6000 meters above the ground are

cirrus and cirrostratus type clouds

14k gold is a

compund

Caffeine is a

compund

table salt is a

compund

the changing of a vapor into a liquid is called

condensation

We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are

condensing on our bodies

Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees celsius if the temperature is slightly increased the volumes of water

contracts

When an air mass passes from a maritime source region to a warmer continental region, heating from the warmer air causes

convectional lifting

Evaporation of raindrops in the atmosphere

cools the air

Aluminum has a high specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergoes the fastest increase in temperature will be

copper

when a bimetallic bar made of copper an iron strips is heated the bar bends toward the iron strip the reason is

copper expands more than iron

In the Northern Hemisphere, the winds of a tornado travel at speeds up to 800m/h in a

counter clockwise direction

Cloud types associated with stable air include

cumulus and stratus type clouds

As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools the diameter of the hole

decreases

If glass expanded more than mercury then the mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature

decreases

Chlorine gas is a

element

pure silver is a

element

any object that is warmer than its surroundings will

emit raiation

the changing of a substance from a liquid into a vapor is called

evaporation

The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe in the sierra Mountains in CA at this moment is

exactly 4 degrees celsius

as air rises it

expands and cools

as an air parcel moves up the side of a mountain it

expands and cools

Clouds occur when moist air is cooled by

expansion when it rises

air becomes saturated when its temperature

falls to a point where water vapor molecules condense

the state of matter for an object that has neither definite shape nor volume is

gaseous

Which of the following describes a chemical property of gold

gold is a non-reactive metal (inert)

Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased

helium

Sand in water is a

heterogeneous mixture

Some molecules are able to form large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations materials composed of such molecules have

high specific heat capacity

the moderate temperature of islands throughout the world has much to do with waters

high specific heat capacity

petroleum is a

homogeneous mixture

which of the following contracts most when temperature is increased? Equal volumes of

ice water

hurricanes are generated

in tropical areas, from tropical storms with high levels of moisture and thermal energy, as moist thermal winds converge in tropical storms

As air temperature decreases, relative humidity

increases

Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal amounts of

iron

ice has a lower density than water because ice

is made of open structured-hexagonal crystals

as rising air cools

its capacity for containing water vapor decreases and the relative humidity of the rising air increases

Heat energy is measured in units

joules and calories

When an iron ring is heated the hole becomes

larger

microscopic slush in a water tends to make the water

less dense

Place 1kg block of iron at 40 degrees celsius into 1kg of water at 20 degrees celsius and the final temperature of the two become

less than 30 degrees celsius

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity

The Fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold in the night is evidence that sand has a

low specific heat capacity

In general warm days are associated with

low surface pressure

an example of homogeneous mixture is

milk

Temperature in the air is increased by the process of

moisture condenstion

Temperature in the air is decreased by the process of

moisture evaporation

if the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is ponds in the cold of winter would be

more likely to freeze

-------- is an element

oxygen

A ------ change involves a change in one or more physical properties but no change in the fundamental components of the substance

physical

Ironing a shirt

physical change

boiling water

physical change

dissolving sugar in water

physical change

evaporating alcohol

physical change

grinding grain

physical change

sanding table top

physical change

consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in

pressure and temperature

----------- are compunds

salt and water

the limit at which air contains as much moisture as it can hold for a given temperature is called

saturation

--------- is a chemical

silverware tarnishing

The state of matter of an object that has both definite shape and volume is

solid

ice tends to form at the

surface of bodies of water

heat energy travels from an object with a high

temperature to an object with a lower temperature

An example of a mixture is

the air in this room

The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called

the dew point

The reason that white-hot sparks from a 4th of July type sparkler don't harm you it because

the energy per molecule is high but the total energy transfer is small

in a chemical change

the products are different substances from the starting materials

The fact that a thermometer takes its own temperature illustrated

thermal equilibrium

We are warmed by condensation because water molecules that strike our bodies

transfer some of their kinetic energy to us

All of the earth's weather occurs in the

troposhpere

a solution can be distinguished from a compound by its

variable composition

When ice floats on water a small part of it is above surface the volume of ice above the surface is equal to the volume of the

vast number of open spaces in the hexagonal crystals

The birth of a thunderstorm occurs when

warm humid air rises in a stable enviroment

which of the following expands most when the temperature is lowered? Equal amounts of

water at 4 degrees celcius

during a very cold winter water pipes sometimes burst, the reason for this is

water expands when freezes

an adiabatic process occurs

when no thermal energy enters or leaves the system

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger energy flows from

your finger to the ice