Science Midterm
clouds denoted by the prefix alto form
2000 to 6000 meters above the ground
before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to
4 degrees celcius
which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?
Iron
Warm air rises and cools as it expands. Warm air will continue to rise as long as it is
Warmer and less dense that the surrounding air
When a cold air mass moves into a region occupied by a warm air mass the contact zone is
a cold front
sand on the beach is an example of
a heterogeneous mixture
Compared to a giant ice berg, a hot cup of coffee has
a higher temperature but less thermal energy
When a warm air mass moves into a region occupied by a cold air mass, the contact zone is
a warm front
severe thunderstorms are common
all over the US
As an air parcel expands and cools or compresses and warms with no interchange of heat with its surroundings the situation is called
an adiabatic process
When weather forecasters compare present features of the weather with weather conditions produced by such features in the past they are using the
analog method
Pour a liter of water at 40 degrees celsius into a liter of water at 20 degrees celsius and the final temperature of the two become
at or about 30 degrees celsius
lightning occurs as water droplets in a cloud become electrically charged
at the top of the cloud
Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated up the gap
becomes wider
lower temperatures can be expected
behind an advancing cold front
warmer temperatures can be expected
behind an advancing warm front
The amount of water vapor in the air can hold depends on air temperature. At higher temperature the air
can hold more water vapor
------- is an element
carbon
Cooking egg
chemical change
burning gasoline
chemical change
decomposing water
chemical change
fermenting fruit juice
chemical change
Cloud types associated with stable air includ
cirrostratus altostratus and stratus clouds
Clouds that are generally develop 6000 meters above the ground are
cirrus and cirrostratus type clouds
14k gold is a
compund
Caffeine is a
compund
table salt is a
compund
the changing of a vapor into a liquid is called
condensation
We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are
condensing on our bodies
Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees celsius if the temperature is slightly increased the volumes of water
contracts
When an air mass passes from a maritime source region to a warmer continental region, heating from the warmer air causes
convectional lifting
Evaporation of raindrops in the atmosphere
cools the air
Aluminum has a high specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergoes the fastest increase in temperature will be
copper
when a bimetallic bar made of copper an iron strips is heated the bar bends toward the iron strip the reason is
copper expands more than iron
In the Northern Hemisphere, the winds of a tornado travel at speeds up to 800m/h in a
counter clockwise direction
Cloud types associated with stable air include
cumulus and stratus type clouds
As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools the diameter of the hole
decreases
If glass expanded more than mercury then the mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature
decreases
Chlorine gas is a
element
pure silver is a
element
any object that is warmer than its surroundings will
emit raiation
the changing of a substance from a liquid into a vapor is called
evaporation
The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe in the sierra Mountains in CA at this moment is
exactly 4 degrees celsius
as air rises it
expands and cools
as an air parcel moves up the side of a mountain it
expands and cools
Clouds occur when moist air is cooled by
expansion when it rises
air becomes saturated when its temperature
falls to a point where water vapor molecules condense
the state of matter for an object that has neither definite shape nor volume is
gaseous
Which of the following describes a chemical property of gold
gold is a non-reactive metal (inert)
Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased
helium
Sand in water is a
heterogeneous mixture
Some molecules are able to form large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations materials composed of such molecules have
high specific heat capacity
the moderate temperature of islands throughout the world has much to do with waters
high specific heat capacity
petroleum is a
homogeneous mixture
which of the following contracts most when temperature is increased? Equal volumes of
ice water
hurricanes are generated
in tropical areas, from tropical storms with high levels of moisture and thermal energy, as moist thermal winds converge in tropical storms
As air temperature decreases, relative humidity
increases
Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal amounts of
iron
ice has a lower density than water because ice
is made of open structured-hexagonal crystals
as rising air cools
its capacity for containing water vapor decreases and the relative humidity of the rising air increases
Heat energy is measured in units
joules and calories
When an iron ring is heated the hole becomes
larger
microscopic slush in a water tends to make the water
less dense
Place 1kg block of iron at 40 degrees celsius into 1kg of water at 20 degrees celsius and the final temperature of the two become
less than 30 degrees celsius
A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a
low specific heat capacity
The Fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold in the night is evidence that sand has a
low specific heat capacity
In general warm days are associated with
low surface pressure
an example of homogeneous mixture is
milk
Temperature in the air is increased by the process of
moisture condenstion
Temperature in the air is decreased by the process of
moisture evaporation
if the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is ponds in the cold of winter would be
more likely to freeze
-------- is an element
oxygen
A ------ change involves a change in one or more physical properties but no change in the fundamental components of the substance
physical
Ironing a shirt
physical change
boiling water
physical change
dissolving sugar in water
physical change
evaporating alcohol
physical change
grinding grain
physical change
sanding table top
physical change
consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in
pressure and temperature
----------- are compunds
salt and water
the limit at which air contains as much moisture as it can hold for a given temperature is called
saturation
--------- is a chemical
silverware tarnishing
The state of matter of an object that has both definite shape and volume is
solid
ice tends to form at the
surface of bodies of water
heat energy travels from an object with a high
temperature to an object with a lower temperature
An example of a mixture is
the air in this room
The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called
the dew point
The reason that white-hot sparks from a 4th of July type sparkler don't harm you it because
the energy per molecule is high but the total energy transfer is small
in a chemical change
the products are different substances from the starting materials
The fact that a thermometer takes its own temperature illustrated
thermal equilibrium
We are warmed by condensation because water molecules that strike our bodies
transfer some of their kinetic energy to us
All of the earth's weather occurs in the
troposhpere
a solution can be distinguished from a compound by its
variable composition
When ice floats on water a small part of it is above surface the volume of ice above the surface is equal to the volume of the
vast number of open spaces in the hexagonal crystals
The birth of a thunderstorm occurs when
warm humid air rises in a stable enviroment
which of the following expands most when the temperature is lowered? Equal amounts of
water at 4 degrees celcius
during a very cold winter water pipes sometimes burst, the reason for this is
water expands when freezes
an adiabatic process occurs
when no thermal energy enters or leaves the system
When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger energy flows from
your finger to the ice