Science - Skeletal System (What does the skeleton do? Pages 36-40)

List 4 of the 5 major functions of the skeleton system

(a) Allows us to move (b) Produce blood cells (c) Protect internal organs (d) Store certain material until needed

Name the 4 types of moveable joints Give an example of each type of moveable joint.

(a) Ball and socket - shoulder (b) Pivot Joint - neck (c) Hinge joint - Knee (d) Gliding joint - wrist

Spaces, or "soft spots," in the cranium that allow for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs are _________. (a) Fontanels (b) Sutures (c) Sinuses

(a) Fontanels

The vertebrae that are located at the waist are ___________ (a) Cervical (b) Lumbar (c) Thoracic (d) Sacral

(b) Lumbar

Name 2 treatments for osteoporosis

Increase calcium and Vitamin D Exercise Medications to increase bone mass

Do you have a funny bone?

No

What connects bones to bones?

ligaments

Ball and socket joint example

shoulder and hip, gives the greatest range of motion

What are the 2 kinds of joints?

immovable and movable

How many bones do you have in your body?

206

How many total ribs does a human skeleton have?

24

How many bones do you have in EACH foot?

26 in each

How many small bones make up the vertebrae?

26 small bones

How many bones do you have in EACH hand?

27 in each

How many bones make up the human spine?

33

A side to side or lateral curvature of the spine is: ________

Scoliosis

How are bones held together in moveable joints?

Ligaments - strong connective tissue

What connects bones to muscles?

tendons

The ribs, sternum, and scapulae are all what types of bones?

Flat

How would your legs move if your knees were ball and socket joints?

A ball and socket joint gives the user more flexibility, allowing movement in several directions, but does not provide stability. If your knees, for example, were ball and socket joints, your lower legs would move all around but would not be stable enough to hold up your body.

What is a skeleton?

A framework that shapes and supports an animal/humans, protects its internal organs, and allows it to move in its environment.

What is a gliding joint?

Allows one bone to slide over another; allows it to bend and flex; Example is wrist and ankle

How does age affect our bones?

As we get older, our bones can lose calcium and get weaker, becoming easier to break.

Give an example of an immovable joint

Bones in the skull meet at immovable joints.

What minerals do bones store? Give one example

Calcium

A bone break that pierces or ruptures through the skin is a

Compound fracture

What foods are good for developing strong, healthy bones?

Dairy products, such as milk and cheese, are good for developing strong healthy bones because they certain lots of calcium.

Which bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body?

Femur

What is hinge joint?

Example is elbow and knee This movement is limited to extension and flexion

TRUE OR FALSE Red marrow is mainly fat cells

False

Why are at least two muscles needed to move any joint in the body?

Generally, two skeletal muscles are joined to one bone, so that when one muscle contracts in one direction for enabling the bone to move in that specific direction; the other muscle becomes relaxed to facilitate the movement of the bone.

Why is posture important?

Good posture relies on strong, flexible muscles. Stiff, weak, or tight muscles contribute to poor posture and misalignment of the body. Long-term, bad posture leads to joint and muscle pain in the shoulders, back, neck, and elsewhere.

Why does your body need both immovable and movable joints?

Immovable joints are for protection. Our skull has immovable joints which protect our brain from damage. Movable joints are for motion and movement.

What is a joint?

Joint allows movement in different ways

What is a pivot joint?

Joint that allows one bone to rotate around another bone; Example - neck

Area where 2 or more bones join together

Joints

What are the 5 major functions of the skeleton?

Provides shape and support Enables you to move Protects organs Produces blood cells Stores minerals & other materials until your body needs them

Are bones in your body hollow?

Many bones in our body are hollow. They are filled with a jelly-like substance called bone marrow. Blood cells are made in the bone marrow

What connects our bones together so we can move?

Muscles connect our bones together so we can move.

What is the function of intervertebral disks?

Shock absorbers Permits bending and twisting of vertebral column

Give example of production and storage of substances for bones.

Some bones produces substances body needs. Tissues in the long bones of arms and legs make certain blood cells. Bones also store minerals like calcium and phosphorous. When body needs minerals, bones release small amounts of them into the blood

What is the advantage of having large vertebrae at the base of the vertebral column?

The advantage of having large vertebrae at the base of the vertebral column is having stability in terms of the center of gravity of the person.

What is a skeletal system? Name parts of the skeletal system

The skeletal system is the body system composed of bones and cartilage and performs the following critical functions for the human body: supports the body, facilitates movement and protects internal organs.

Which body parts does the vertebral column support?

The vertebrae surround and protect the spinal cord. Encloses and protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and serves as a point of attachment for the ribs, pelvic girdle, and the muscles of the back.

Why do you think it is helpful for your hand to have 27 bones?

To allow for complex movements Provide support, flexibility, and dexterity, so you can perform a range of activities and movements.

TRUE OR FALSE Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body

True

TRUE OR FALSE Bones surround vital organs to protect them

True

TRUE OR FALSE Vertebrae connect to form the backbone or vertebral column

True

True or false Most of the body's bones are associated with muscles, which pull on the bones to make them move

True

The first 7 pairs of ribs are called:

True ribs

What would happen if we had no skeleton?

Various possible answers; e.g. having no shape, being like jelly, not being able to move, organs could be easily damaged.

What would happen if your skull bones had movable joints?

Your brain would not be protected from injuries, Brain would be damaged

Where are blood cells produced?

bone marrow