Section 7: Dentistry

Which of the following mm increments do periodontal probes with Williams markings have?

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10

How many incisors are present in the adult equine patient?

12

Which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula?

2 X {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 3/2: M 1/1}

An adult equine mouth normally contains ___________ cheek teeth.

24

How many deciduous teeth do horses have?

24

Using the Triadan system, the proper way to describe a cat's first mandibular right molar is:

409

Ideally, the cutting edge of the scaler should be held at what angle to the tooth surface?

45-90 degrees

What is the minimum age for a cat to have all of its permanent teeth?

6 months

At what age do the permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt?

6-8 months

Which of the following patients would benefit from prophylactic antibiotics?

A 10-year-old King Charles Spaniel with cardiomyopathy

Brachygnathism is a genetic defect best characterized as:

A maxilla that is longer than the mandible

For what is crown reduction and restoration used?

A palatal trauma caused by a lingually displaced mandibular canine

Which of the following statements regarding teeth polishing is false?

A rough surface with impede plaque retention

The following statements are all true EXCEPT:

A sulcus depth ≤ 3 mm is normal in a cat

What term identifies the loss of tooth structure by an outside cause?

Abrasion

An oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to:

Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth

Hypodontia is defined as:

Absence of only a few teeth

Which of the following statements is false?

After receiving instructions, clients will maintain a dental home care program on a daily basis

when conducting a tooth-by-tooth evaluation with dental radiographs, when is the client given the total estimate for care?

After the evaluation is completed, while the patient is still anesthetized

Nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth through the:

Apical delta

Perioceutics refer to which of the following?

Application of time-released antibiotics directly within the oral cavity

Where do tooth resorption lesions first appear clinically in the cat?

At the cementoenamel junction

Which of the following statements is true regarding the teeth of equine patients?

Brachydont teeth fully erupt before maturity and are normally long and hard enough to survive for the life of the individual

The term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is:

Brachygnathism

Which of the following is the correct dental term/definition for describing a tooth surface?

Buccal

What term identifies the hard, mineralized substance on the tooth surface?

Calculus

What mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth?

Cementum

Dentin is covered by:

Cementum and enamel

Which of the following antiseptics are considered choice oral rinse for horses?

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Which of the following options are best suited for rinsing a mouth before a dental prophy?

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true?

Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis

Malocclusion in which the mandible is caudal to the maxilla is termed:

Class 3 mandibular mesioclusions

When referring to dental-related conditions, staging is a way to:

Classify tumors

Oligodontia is defined as:

Congenital absence of many, but not all, teeth

What inheritable oral condition, causing a non-neoplastic bone formation, is primarily seen in West Highland White Terrier?

Cranial mandibular osteodystrophy

What instrument is used for root planing?

Curette

What is the main purpose of premolar teeth?

Cutting and breaking

A client would like to know what chew toy would be safest for her dog's teeth. You suggest that she is best to give "Fido" a:

Dense rubber exerciser

Periodontal disease is the result of the inflammatory process to:

Dental plaque

Most abnormal dental conditions experienced by lagomorphs and rodents are a result of:

Diet, Environment, Husbandry

Enamel hypoplasia is also referred to as:

Dysplasia

If a tooth is fractured, and there is a black spot in the center of the cut surface, into which you can place a dental explorer, the best treatment would be:

Either a root canal or an extraction

Teeth that grow throughout an equine patient's life are termed:

Elodont

The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following EXCEPT:

Enamel

A dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which of the following oral conditions?

Enamel hypoplasia

All of the following are common non-neoplastic conditions seen in the oral cavity of horses, EXCEPT:

Epulis

What instrument is used to detect subgingival calculus?

Explorer

The free or marginal gingiva:

Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth

The space between two roots, where they meet the crown, is called:

Furcation

When inspecting the pathology of a patient during an oral assessment, one would look at:

Gingival recession

Which material is used to fill the pulp chamber inside the tooth during root canal therapy?

Gutta percha

When grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to a Grade 2?

Horizontal movement >1 mm

Mrs. Walker comes to pick up her dog after dental prophylaxis has been performed. Which of the following topics would be least helpful to be discussed as a part of the discharge instructions?

How to give injections

The most common mistake made in treating periodontal disease is:

Inadequate root planing

Which teeth are the most appropriate for determining the age of horses?

Incisors

Stomatitis is defined as:

Inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue

Which of the following statements regarding enamel is true?

Is relatively nonporous and impervious

A biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous ameloblastoma or an acanthomatous epulis. Which of the following statements is true regarding this growth?

It is a nonmalignant tumor

A common cause of excessive wear and attrition in teeth is:

Loss of teeth

Canine teeth are always present in which of the following patients?

Male horses

What is a coon cause of pain/discomfort and severe oral pathology in dental patients?

Malocclusions

Which nerve block will anesthetize all the maxillary teeth on the injected side?

Maxillary

Which teeth on each side of the dog's mouth have three roots?

Maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars

How long does it take plaque to accumulate on a clean tooth surface?

Minutes

When assessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Löe and Silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingival index 2 indicates:

Moderate gingivitis with gentle probing resulting in bleeding

Which of the following systemic factors may affect enamel development?

Nutritional deficiency

Which statement is true?

Oral examination should proceed in an orderly and structured fashion, using appropriate instrumentation

Which disease causes a cat to start spontaneously and aggressively pawing at the face ad mouth and to cry out in pain?

Orofacial pain syndrome

All of the following are common soft-tissue neoplasms seen in horses, EXCEPT:

Osteoma

The dental formula for the permanent teeth in the dog is 2 (I 3/3 and C 1/1), in addition to:

P 4/4 and M 2/3 = 42

Horizontal bone loss occurs in cases of:

Periodontal disease

All of the following would be considered part of an oral assessment, EXCEPT:

Popliteal lymph nodes

Malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Presence of resorptive lesions to the destruction of teeth

The primary difference between primary and permanent teeth is:

Primary teeth are smaller than permanent teeth with long, slender roots

What is the purpose of a dentifrice when used in the dog and cat?

Provides a pleasant taste and improves the effectiveness of brushing

Gingivoplasty is the

Removal of hyperplastic gingival tissue

What tissue is not part of the periodontium?

Root

When one or more of the upper incisors rest caudally on the lower incisors, and the rest of the occlusion is normal, the condition is known as:

Rostral crossbite

Which dental radiographic projection images 301-304 and 401-404?

Rostral mandibular view

To prep a patient for surgical tooth extraction, which of the following should occur?

Scale, polish, rinse with chlorhexidine, then extract

What breed would be associated with a dolichocephalic head shape?

Seal point Siamese

Which of the following instruments should be used to reduce the crown of sharp canine teeth?

Small files

All of the following are complications that may result from extraction, EXCEPT

Stomatitis

All of the following dental conditions could be avoided with preventive care, EXCEPT:

Stomatitis

The purpose of fluoride treatment is to:

Strengthen enamel and help desensitize teeth

Fluoride accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT:

Strengthening the periodontal ligament

If the lower incisors seem to be excessively loose in a brachycephalic or miniature-breed dog,

The depth of the gingival sulcus should be tested

Dental dysplasia is the abnormal development of teeth that involve which of the following?

The entire tooth

Why is human toothpaste not recommended for pets?

The fluoride content is too high

Which of the following statements about the eruption of permanent teeth is false?

The permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines

When grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed Grade 3?

The probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/lingual

The furcation is best described as:

The space between two roots where they meet the crown

Which of the following statements is false when performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis?

The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival scaling only

What is TRUE about deciduous incisors?

They have roots that are long, thin, and fragile

Which of the following is the single most effective means of removing plaque?

Tooth brushing

When using hand instruments to clean teeth:

Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin

Between patients, it is best to use the following order for maintaining instruments:

Use, wash, sharpen, and sterilze

When grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to a Grade 3?

Vertical and horizontal movement

When inspecting the mucous membranes during an oral assessment, one would look at:

Vesicle formation and ulceration

An elongation of one side of the animal's head results in:

Wry mouth