Security +

A company just implemented a new telework policy that allows employees to use personal devices for official email and file sharing while working from home. Some of the requirements are: - Employees must provide an alternate work location (i .e., a home address). - Employees must install software on the device that will prevent the loss of proprietary data but will not restrict any other software from being installed. Which of the following BEST describes the MDM options the company is using?

Application management, remote wipe, geofencing, context-aware authentication, and containerization

A company has decided to move its operations to the cloud. It wants to utilize technology that will prevent users from downloading company applications for personal use, restrict data that is uploaded, and have visibility into which applications are being used across the company. Which of the following solutions will BEST meet these requirements?

Application whitelisting

A security audit has revealed that a process control terminal is vulnerable to malicious users installing and executing software on the system. The terminal is beyond end-of-life support and cannot be upgraded, so it is placed on a protected network segment. Which of the following would be MOST effective to implement to further mitigate the reported vulnerability?

Application whitelisting

The lessons-learned analysis from a recent incident reveals that an administrative office worker received a call from someone claiming to be from technical support. The caller convinced the office worker to visit a website, and then download and install a program masquerading as an antivirus package. The program was actually a backdoor that an attacker could later use to remote control the worker's PC. Which of the following would be BEST to help prevent this type of attack in the future?

Application whitelisting

Users at an organization have been installing programs from the Internet on their workstations without first receiving proper authorization. The organization maintains a portal from which users can install standardized programs. However, some users have administrative access on their workstations to enable legacy programs to function properly. Which of the following should the security administrator consider implementing to address this issue?

Application whitelisting

Which of the following describes the BEST approach for deploying application patches?

Apply the patches to systems in a testing environment, then to systems in a staging environment, and finally to production systems.

A security analyst needs to implement security features across smartphones, laptops, and tablets. Which of the following be the MOST effective across heterogeneous platforms?

Applying MDM software

Which of the following represents a biometric FRR?

Authorized users being denied access

When planning to build a virtual environment, an administrator needs to achieve the following: - Establish policies to limit who can create new VMs. - Allocate resources according to actual utilization. - Require justification for requests outside of the standard requirements. - Create standardized categories based on size and resource requirements. Which of the following is the administrator MOST likely trying to do?

Avoid VM sprawl

Which of the following must be in place before implementing a BCP?

BIA

A company is setting up a web server on the Internet that will utilize both encrypted and unencrypted web-browsing protocols. A security engineer runs a port scan against the server from the Internet and sees the following output: Port Protccol State Service ---- -------- ----- ------- 22 tcp opgn ssh 2S tcp filtered smtp 53 tcp filtered domain 80 tcp open http 443 tcp op-em https Which of the following steps would be best for the security engineer to take NEXT?

Block SSH access from the Internet.

A company has drafted an insider-threat policy that prohibits the use of external storage devices. Which of the following would BEST protect the company from data exfiltration via removable media?

Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security tool

Which of the following would be MOST effective to contain a rapidly spreading attack that is affecting a large number of organizations?

Blocklist

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to facilitate penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has agreed to pay for each vulnerability that is discovered. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that is being used?

Bug bounty

A startup company is using multiple SaaS and IaaS platforms to stand up a corporate infrastructure and build out a customerfacing web application. Which of the following solutions would be BEST to provide security, manageability, and visibility into the platforms?

CASB

An organization has various applications that contain sensitive data hosted in the cloud. The company's leaders are concerned about lateral movement across applications of different trust levels. Which of the following solutions should the organization implement to address the concern?

CASB

The Chief Information Security Officer directed a risk reduction in shadow IT and created a policy requiring all unsanctioned highrisk SaaS applications to be blocked from user access. Which of the following is the BEST security so

CASB

Which of the following would BEST identify and remediate a data-loss event in an enterprise using third-party, web-based services and file-sharing platforms?

CASB

After multiple on premises security solutions were migrated to the cloud, the incident response time increased. The analysts are spending a long time trying to trace information on different cloud consoles and correlating data in different formats. Which of the following can be used to optimize the incident response time?

CMS

A security engineer at an offline government facility is concerned about the validity of an SSL certificate. The engineer wants to perform the fastest check with the least delay to determine if the certificate has been revoked. Which of the following would BEST meet these requirements?

CRL

A security analyst is reviewing output of a web server log and notices a particular account is attempting to transfer large amounts of money: GET http://yourbank.com/transfer.do?acctnum=087646958&amount=500000 HTTP/1.1 GET http://yourbank.com/transfer.do?acctnum=087646958&amount=5000000 HTTP/1.1 GET http://yourbank.com/transfer.do?acctnum=087646958&amount=l000000 HTTP/1.1 GET http://yourbank.com/transfer.do?acctnum=087646958&amount=500 HTTP/1.1 Which of the following types of attack is MOST likely being conducted?

CSRF

Which of the following employee roles is responsible for protecting an organization's collected personal information?

CTO

A security analyst is reviewing information regarding recent vulnerabilities. Which of the following will the analyst MOST likely consult to validate which platforms have been affected?

CVE

A security analyst is looking for a solution to help communicate to the leadership team the severity levels of the organization's vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST meet this need?

CVSS

Which of the following provides a calculated value for known vulnerabilities so organizations can prioritize mitigation steps?

CVSS

A university is opening a facility in a location where there is an elevated risk of theft. The university wants to protect the desktops in its classrooms and labs. Which of the following should the university use to BEST protect these assets deployed in the facility?

Cable locks

Which of the following is the correct order of volatility from MOST to LEAST volatile?

Cache, memory, temP.orary filesystems, disk, archival media

A forensic analyst needs to prove that data has not been tampered with since it was collected. Which of the following methods will the analyst MOST likely use?

Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm.

Which of the following holds staff accountable while escorting unauthorized personnel?

Cameras

A security analyst has been tasked with creating a new WiFi network for the company. The requirements provided to the analyst are as follows: • Must be platform-independent • Devices must have an approval process to join • Must require reauthentication for select device types but not others • Allows for unauthenticated access Which of the following options BEST accommodates these requirements?

Captive portal

A store receives reports that shoppers' credit card information is being stolen. Upon further analysis, those same shoppers also withdrew money from an ATM in that store. The attackers are using the targeted shoppers' credit card information to make online purchases. Which of the following attacks is the MOST probable cause?

Card skimming

A company provides mobile devices to its users to permit access to email and enterprise applications. The company recently started allowing users to select from several different vendors and device models. When configuring the MDM, which of the following is a key security implication of this heterogeneous device approach?

Certain devices are inherently less secure than others, so compensatory controls will be needed to address the delta between device vendors.

An employee has been charged with fraud and is suspected of using corporate assets. As authorities collect evidence, and to preserve the admissibility of the evidence, which of the following forensic techniques should be used?

Chain of custody

A smart switch has the ability to monitor electrical levels and shut off power to a building in the event of power surge of power surge or other fault situation. The switch was installed on a wired network in a hospital and is monitored by the facilities department via a cloud application. The security administrator isolated the switch on a separate VLAN and set up a patching routine. Which of the following steps should also be taken to harden the smart switch?

Change the default password for the switch.

An external forensics investigator has been hired to investigate a data breach at a large enterprise with numerous assets. It is known that the breach started in the DMZ and moved to the sensitive information, generating multiple logs as the attacker traversed through the network? Which of the following will BEST assist with this investigation?

Check the SIEM to review the correlated logs

A security analyst was called to investigate a file received directly from a hardware manufacturer. The analyst is trying to determine whether the file was modified in transit before installation on the user's computer. Which of the following can be used to safely assess the file?

Check the hash of the installation file

A help desk technician receives an email from the Chief Information Officer (CIO) asking for documents. The technician knows the CIO is on vacation for a few weeks. Which of the following should the technician do to validate the authenticity of the email?

Check the metadata in the email header of the received path in reverse order to follow the email's path.

Which of the following is the MOST relevant security check to be performed before embedding third-party libraries in developed code?

Check to see if the third party has resources to create dedicated development and staging environments.

Ann, a forensic analyst, needs to prove that the data she originally acquired has remained unchanged while in her custody. Which of the following should Ann use?

Checksums

A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help to accomplish this goal?

Classify the data

A Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is dissatisfied with the level of service from the company's new service provider. The service provider is preventing the CEO from sending email from a work account to a personal account. Which of the following types of service providers is being used?

Cloud service provider

Customers reported their antivirus software flagged one of the company's primary software products as suspicious. The company's Chief Information Security Officer has tasked the developer with determining a method to create a trust model between the software and the customer's antivirus software. Which of the following would be the BEST solution?

Code signing

A company just developed a new web application for a government agency. The application must be assessed and authorized prior to being deployed. Which of the following is required to assess the vulnerabilities resident in the application?

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

When implementing automation with loT devices, which of the following should be considered FIRST to keep the network secure?

Communication protocols

Several universities are participating in a collaborative research project and need to share compute and storage resources. Which of the following cloud deployment strategies would BEST meet this need?

Community

A recent audit uncovered a key finding regarding the use of a specific encryption standard in a web application that is used to communicate with business customers. Due to the technical limitations of its customers, the company is unable to upgrade the encryption standard. Which of the following types of controls should be used to reduce the risk created by this scenario?

Compensating

An organization has hired a red team to simulate attacks on its security posture. Which of the following will the blue team do after detecting an IoC?

Conduct forensics on the compromised system.

A cybersecurity manager has scheduled biannual meetings with the IT team and department leaders to discuss how they would respond to hypothetical cyberattacks. During these meetings, the manager presents a scenario and injects additional information throughout the session to replicate what might occur in a dynamic cybersecurity event involving the company, its facilities, its data, and its staff. Which of the following describes what the manager is doing?

Conducting a tabletop exercise

A major clothing company recently lost a large amount of proprietary information. The security officer must find a solution to ensure this never happens again. Which of the following is the BEST technical implementation to prevent this from happening again?

Configure DLP solutions

A security analyst is hardening a network infrastructure. The analyst is given the following requirements: -Preserve the use of public IP addresses assigned to equipment on the core router. -Enable "in transport" encryption protection to the web server with the strongest ciphers. Which of the following should the analyst implement to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Configure NAT on the core router/Enable TLSv2 encryption on the web server

A financial organization has adopted a new secure, encrypted document-sharing application to help with its customer loan process. Some important PII needs to be shared across this new platform, but it is getting blocked by the DLP systems. Which of the following actions will BEST allow the PII to be shared with the secure application without compromising the organization's security posture?

Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII

A company is planning to install a guest wireless network so visitors will be able to access the Internet. The stakeholders want the network to be easy to connect to so time is not wasted during meetings. The WAPs are configured so that power levels and antennas cover only the conference rooms where visitors will attend meetings. Which of the following would BEST protect the company's internal wireless network against visitors accessing company resources?

Configure the guest wireless network to be on a separate VLAN from the company's internal wireless network.

A recently discovered zero-day exploit utilizes an unknown vulnerability in the SMB network protocol to rapidly infect computers. Once infected, computers are encrypted and held for ransom. Which of the following would BEST prevent this attack from reoccurring?

Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports.

A root cause analysis reveals that a web application outage was caused by one of the company's developers uploading a newer version of the third-party libraries that were shared among several applications. Which of the following implementations would be BEST to prevent the issue from reoccurring?

Containerization

An engineer wants to access sensitive data from a corporate-owned mobile device. Personal data is not allowed on the device. Which of the following MDM configurations must be considered when the engineer travels for business?

Containerization

In the middle of a cyberattack, a security engineer removes the infected devices from the network and locks down all compromised accounts. In which of the following incident response phases is the security engineer currently operating?

Containment

Which of the following incident response steps involves actions to protect critical systems while maintaining business operations?

Containment

An administrator is experiencing issues when trying to upload a support file to a vendor. A pop-up message reveals that a payment card number was found in the file, and the file upload was blocked. Which of the following controls is most likely causing this issue and should be checked FIRST?

Content filter

A development team employs a practice of bringing all the code changes from multiple team members into the same development project through automation. A tool is utilized to validate the code and track source code through version control. Which of the following BEST describes this process?

Continuous integration

An organization implemented a process that compares the settings currently configured on systems against secure configuration guidelines in order to identify any gaps. Which of the following control types has the organization implemented?

Corrective

During an incident, a company's CIRT determines it is necessary to observe the continued network-based transactions between a callback domain and the malware running on an enterprise PC. Which of the following techniques would be BEST to enable this activity while reducing the risk of lateral spread and the risk that the adversary would notice any changes?

Create and apply microsegmentation rules

A consultant is configuring a vulnerability scanner for a large, global organization in multiple countries. The consultant will be using a service account to scan systems with administrative privileges on a weekly basis, but there is a concern that hackers could gain access to the account and pivot throughout the global network. Which of the following would be BEST to help mitigate this concern?

Create different accounts for each region, each configured with push MFA notifications.

As part of the lessons-learned phase, the SOC is tasked with building methods to detect if a previous incident is happening again. Which of the following would allow the security analyst to alert the SOC if an event is reoccurring?

Creating a playbook within the SOAR

Which of the following types of attacks is specific to the individual it targets?

Credential harvesting

A security analyst needs to determine how an attacker was able to use User3 to gain a foothold within a company's network. The company's lockout policy requires that an account be locked out for a minimum of 15 minutes after three unsuccessful attempts. While reviewing the log files, the analyst discovers the following: Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred?

Credential-stuffing

A security analyst needs to perform periodic vulnerability scans on production systems. Which of the following scan types would produce the BEST vulnerability scan report?

Credentialed

Which of the following would MOST likely be identified by a credentialed scan but would be missed by an uncredentialed scan?

Critical infrastructure vulnerabilities on non-IP protocols.

A security analyst reviews the datacenter access logs for a fingerprint scanner and notices an abundance of errors that correlate with users' reports of issues accessing the facility. Which of the following MOST likely indicates the cause of the access issues?

Cross-over error rate

A security analyst is receiving numerous alerts reporting that the response time of an Internet-facing application has been degraded. However, the internal network performance was not degraded. Which of the following MOST likely explains this behavior?

DDoS attack

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned about the volume and integrity of sensitive information that is exchanged between the organization and a third party through email. The CSO is particularly concerned about an unauthorized party who is intercepting information that is in transit between the two organizations. Which of the following would address the CSO's concerns?

DKIM

A company recently experienced a significant data loss when proprietary information was leaked to a competitor. The company took special precautions by using proper labels; however, email filter logs do not have any record of the incident. An investigation confirmed the corporate network was not breached, but documents were downloaded from an employee's COPE tablet and passed to the competitor via cloud storage. Which of the following is the BEST remediation for this data leak?

DLP

A security administrator needs to implement a solution to ensure data exfiltration is minimized. Which of the following should the administrator implement?

DLP

A security analyst has received an alert about PII being sent via email. The analyst's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has made it clear that PII must be handled with extreme care. From which of the following did the alert MOST likely originate?

DLP

The Chief Information Security Officer wants to prevent exfiltration of sensitive information from employee cell phones when using public USB power charging stations. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to implement?

DLP

An organization's help desk is flooded with phone calls from users stating they can no longer access certain websites. The help desk escalates the issue to the security team, as these websites were accessible the previous day. The security analysts run the following command: ipconfig /flushdns, but the issue persists. Finally, an analyst changes the DNS server for an impacted machine, and the issue goes away. Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred on the original DNS server?

DNS cache poisoning

A security analyst is investigating some users who are being redirected to a fake website that resembles www.comptia.org. The following output was found on the naming server of the organization: Name Type Date www A 192.168.1.10 Server1 A 10.10.10.10 Server2 A 10.10.10.11 file A 10.10.10.12

DNS poisoning

A security engineer is reviewing log files after a third party discovered usernames and passwords for the organization's accounts. The engineer sees there was a change in the IP address for a vendor website one week earlier. This change lasted eight hours. Which of the following attacks was MOST likely used?

DNS poisoning

A user's login credentials were recently compromised. During the investigation, the security analyst determined the user input credentials into a pop-up window when prompted to confirm the username and password. However, the trusted website does not use a pop-up for entering user credentials. Which of the following attacks occurred?

DNS poisoning

An incident, which is affecting dozens of systems, involves malware that reaches out to an Internet service for rules and updates. The IP addresses for the Internet host appear to be different in each case. The organization would like to determine a common loC to support response and recovery actions. Which of the following sources of information would BEST support this solution?

DNS query logs

A company recently experienced an attack during which its main website was directed to the attacker's web server, allowing the attacker to harvest credentials from unsuspecting customers. Which of the following should the company implement to prevent this type of attack from occurring in the future?

DNSSEC

Phishing and spear-phishing attacks have been occurring more frequently against a company's staff. Which of the following would MOST likely help mitigate this issue?

DNSSEC and DMARC

Which of the following should be monitored by threat intelligence researchers who search for leaked credentials?

Dark web

A technician enables full disk encryption on a laptop that will be taken on a business trip. Which of the following does this process BEST protect?

Data at rest

Which of the following will MOST likely cause machine learning and AI-enabled systems to operate with unintended consequences?

Data bias

A routine audit of medical billing claims revealed that several claims were submitted without the subscriber's knowledge. A review of the audit logs for the medical billing company's system indicated a company employee downloaded customer records and adjusted the direct deposit information to a personal bank account. Which of the following does this action describe?

Data breach

Which of the following provides the BEST protection for sensitive information and data stored in cloud-based services but still allows for full functionality and searchability of data within the cloud-based services?

Data encryption

An organization has implemented a policy requiring the use of conductive metal lockboxes for personal electronic devices outside of a secure research lab. Which of the following did the organization determine to be the GREATEST risk to intellectual property when creating this policy?

Data exfiltration over a mobile hotspot

Which of the following allows for functional test data to be used in new systems for testing and training purposes to protect the real data?

Data masking

An organization's Chief Information Security Officer is creating a position that will be responsible for implementing technical controls to protect data, including ensuring backups are properly maintained. Which of the following roles would MOST likely include these responsibilities?

Data protection officer

A security analyst notices several attacks are being blocked by the NIPS but does not see anything on the boundary firewall logs. The attack seems to have been thwarted. Which of the following resiliency techniques was applied to the network to prevent this attack?

Defense in depth

A backdoor was detected on the containerized application environment. The investigation detected that a zero-day vulnerability was introduced when the latest container image version was downloaded from a public registry. Which of the following is the BEST solution to prevent this type of incident from occurring again?

Define a vulnerability scan to assess container images before being introduced on the environment.

Which of the following is the MOST secure but LEAST expensive data destruction method for data that is stored on hard drives?

Degaussing

A security analyst is reviewing the following output from a system: TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60101 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60102 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60103 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60104 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60105 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60106 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60107 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60108 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60109 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:80 192.168.1.2:60110 TIME_WAIT Which of the following is MOST likely being observed?

Denial of service

The Chief Technology Officer of a local college would like visitors to utilize the school's WiFi but must be able to associate potential malicious activity to a specific person. Which of the following would BEST allow this objective to be met?

Deploying a captive portal to capture visitors' MAC addresses and names

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requested a report on potential areas of improvement following a security incident. Which of the following incident response processes is the CISO requesting?

Detection

A network administrator has been asked to install an IDS to improve the security posture of an organization. Which of the following control types is an IDS?

Detective

A security administrator is setting up a SIEM to help monitor for notable events across the enterprise. Which of the following control types does this BEST represent?

Detective

Which of the following control types would be BEST to use to identify violations and incidents?

Detective

Which of the following types of controls is a CCTV camera that is not being monitored?

Detective

A security analyst is designing the appropriate controls to limit unauthorized access to a physical site. The analyst has a directive to utilize the lowest possible budget. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?

Detective controls

Which of the following control types would be BEST to use in an accounting department to reduce losses from fraudulent transactions?

Deterrent

A systems administrator is considering different backup solutions for the IT infrastructure. The company is looking for a solution that offers the fastest recovery time while also saving the most amount of storage used to maintain the backups. Which of the following recovery solutions would be the BEST option to meet these requirements?

Differential

A developer is concerned about people downloading fake malware-infected replicas of a popular game. Which of the following should the developer do to help verify legitimate versions of the game for users?

Digitally sign the relevant game files

A security administrator is trying to determine whether a server is vulnerable to a range of attacks. After using a tool, the administrator obtains the following output: HTTP/1.0 200 OK Content-Type: text/html Server: Apache Root:s9fyf983#:0:1:System Operator:/:/bin/bash Daemon:*:1:1::/tmp: User1:fi@su3FF:183:100:user:/home/users/user1:/bin/bash Which of the following attacks was successfully implemented based on the output?

Directory traversal

A security engineer obtained the following output from a threat intelligence source that recently performed an attack on the company's server: GET index.php?page=..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2fetc2fpasswd GET index.php?page=..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2..2fetc2fpasswd GET index.php?page=..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2f..2fetc2fpasswd Which of the following BEST describes this kind of attack?

Directory traversal

During an incident response, a security analyst observes the following log entry on the web server: Which of the following BEST describes the type of attack the analyst is experiencing?

Directory traversal

A junior security analyst is reviewing web server logs and identifies the following pattern in the log file: http://comptia.org/../../../etc/passwd Which of the following types of attacks is being attempted and how can it be mitigated?

Directory traversal; implement a WAF

After installing a Windows server, a cybersecurity administrator needs to harden it, following security best practices. Which of the following will achieve the administrator's goal? (Choose two.)

Disabling guest accounts/Disabling NetBIOS over TCP/IP

While reviewing an alert that shows a malicious request on one web application, a cybersecurity analyst is alerted to a subsequent token reuse moments later on a different service using the same single sign-on method. Which of the following would BEST detect a malicious actor?

Disabling session tokens for all sites

An organization is developing a plan in the event of a complete loss of critical systems and data. Which of the following plans is the organization MOST likely developing?

Disaster recovery

A systems administrator needs to implement an access control scheme that will allow an object's access policy to be determined by its owner. Which of the following access control schemes BEST fits the requirements?

Discretionary access control

A university with remote campuses, which all use different service providers, loses Internet connectivity across all locations. After a few minutes, Internet and VoIP services are restored, only to go offline again at random intervals, typically within four minutes of services being restored. Outages continue throughout the day, impacting all inbound and outbound connections and services. Services that are limited to the local LAN or WiFi network are not impacted, but all WAN and VoIP services are affected. Later that day, the edge-router manufacturer releases a CVE outlining the ability of an attacker to exploit the SIP protocol handling on devices, leading to resource exhaustion and system reloads. Which of the following BEST describe this type of attack? (Choose two.)

DoS/Race condition

A customer has reported that an organization's website displayed an image of a smiley face rather than the expected web page for a short time two days earlier. A security analyst reviews log files and sees the following around the time of the incident:

Domain hijacking

Which of the following would BEST provide a systems administrator with the ability to more efficiently identify systems and manage permissions and policies based on location role, and service level?

Domain services

A technician needs to prevent data loss in a laboratory. The laboratory is not connected to any external networks. Which of the following methods would BEST prevent the exfiltration of data? (Choose two.)

Drive encryption/USB blocker

A network administrator needs to build out a new datacenter, with a focus on resiliency and uptime. Which of the following would BEST meet this objective? (Choose two.)

Dual power supply

A remote user recently took a two-week vacation abroad and brought along a corporate-owned laptop. Upon returning to work, the user has been unable to connect the laptop to the VPN. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the user's inability to connect the laptop to the VPN?

Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network.

A malicious actor recently penetrated a company's network and moved laterally to the datacenter. Upon investigation, a forensics firm wants to know what was in the memory on the compromised server. Which of the following files should be given to the forensics firm?

Dump

A Chief Information Officer is concerned about employees using company-issued laptops to steal data when accessing network shares. Which of the following should the company implement?

EDR

Historically, a company has had issues with users plugging in personally owned removable media devices into corporate computers. As a result, the threat of malware incidents is almost constant. Which of the following would BEST help prevent the malware from being installed on the computers?

EDR

Which of the following technical controls is BEST suited for the detection and prevention of buffer overflows on hosts?

EDR

A network administrator would like to configure a site-to-site VPN utilizing IPsec. The administrator wants the tunnel to be established with data integrity, encryption, authentication, and anti-replay functions. Which of the following should the administrator use when configuring the VPN?

ESP

During a routine scan of a wireless segment at a retail company, a security administrator discovers several devices are connected to the network that do not match the company's naming convention and are not in the asset inventory. WiFi access is protected with 256-bit encryption via WPA2. Physical access to the company's facility requires two-factor authentication using a badge and a passcode. Which of the following should the administrator implement to find and remediate the issue? (Choose two.)

Enable MAC filtering on the switches that support the wireless network./Scan the wireless network for rogue access points.

Administrators have allowed employees to access their company email from personal computers. However, the administrators are concerned that these computers are another attack surface and can result in user accounts being breached by foreign actors. Which of the following actions would provide the MOST secure solution?

Enable an option in the administration center so accounts can be locked if they are accessed from different geographical areas.

Developers are about to release a financial application, but the number of fields on the forms that could be abused by an attacker is troubling. Which of the following techniques should be used to address this vulnerability?

Encrypt data before submission.

A new plug-and-play storage device was installed on a PC in the corporate environment. Which of the following safeguards will BEST help to protect the PC from malicious files on the storage device?

Encrypt the disk on the storage device

An organization routes all of its traffic through a VPN. Most users are remote and connect into a corporate datacenter that houses confidential information. There is a firewall at the Internet border, followed by a OLP appliance, the VPN server, and the datacenter itself. Which of the following is the WEAKEST design element?

Encrypted VPN traffic will not be inspected when entering or leaving the network

To secure an application after a large data breach, an e-commerce site will be resetting all users' credentials. Which of the following will BEST ensure the site's users are not compromised after the reset?

Encrypted credentials in transit

A company suspects that some corporate accounts were compromised. The number of suspicious logins from locations not recognized by the users is increasing. Employees who travel need their accounts protected without the risk of blocking legitimate login requests that may be made over new sign-in properties. Which of the following security controls can be implemented?

Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold.

A RAT that was used to compromise an organization's banking credentials was found on a user's computer. The RAT evaded antivirus detection. It was installed by a user who has local administrator rights to the system as part of a remote management tool set. Which of the following recommendations would BEST prevent this from reoccurring?

Enforce application whitelisting.

Several large orders of merchandise were recently purchased on an e-commerce company's website.The totals for each of the transactions were negative values, resulting in credits on the customers' accounts. Which of the following should be implemented to prevent similar situations in the future?

Ensure input validation is in Qlace to Qrevent the use of invalid characters and values.

A penetration tester gains access to a network by exploiting a vulnerability on a public-facing web server. Which of the following techniques will the tester most likely perform NEXT?

Establish rules of engagement before proceeding.

A security administrator is analyzing the corporate wireless network. The network only has two access points running on channels 1 and 11. While using airodump-ng. the administrator notices other access points are running with the same corporate ESSID on all available channels and with the same BSSID of one of the legitimate access points. Which of the following attacks is happening on the corporate network?

Evil twin

A security analyst reports a company policy violation in a case in which a large amount of sensitive data is being downloaded after hours from various mobile devices to an external site. Upon further investigation, the analyst notices that successful login attempts are being conducted with impossible travel times during the same time periods when the unauthorized downloads are occurring. The analyst also discovers a couple of WAPs are using the same SSID, but they have non-standard DHCP configurations and an overlapping channel. Which of the following attacks is being conducted?

Evil twin

A user reports constant lag and performance issues with the wireless network when working at a local coffee shop. A security analyst walks the user through an installation of Wireshark and gets a five-minute pcap to analyze. The analyst observes the following output: Which of the following attacks does the analyst MOST likely see in this packet capture?

Evil twin

Remote workers in an organization use company-provided laptops with locally installed applications and locally stored data. Users can store data on a remote server using an encrypted connection. The organization discovered data stored on a laptop had been made available to the public. Which of the following security solutions would mitigate the risk of future data disclosures?

FDE

An engineer needs to deploy a security measure to identify and prevent data tampering within the enterprise. Which of the following will accomplish this goal?

FIM

Which of the following would detect intrusions at the perimeter of an airport?

Fencing

Which of the following will provide the BEST physical security countermeasures to stop intruders? (Choose two.)

Fencing/Sensors

An organization wants to implement a third factor to an existing multifactor authentication. The organization already uses a smart card and password. Which of the following would meet the organization's needs for a third factor?

Fingerprints

A systems analyst determines the source of a high number of connections to a web server that were initiated by ten different IP addresses that belong to a network block in a specific country. Which of the following techniques will the systems analyst MOST likely implement to address this issue?

Firewall rules

A large industrial system's smart generator monitors the system status and sends alerts to third-party maintenance personnel when critical failures occur. While reviewing the network logs, the company's security manager notices the generator's IP is sending packets to an internal file server's IP. Which of the following mitigations would be BEST for the security manager to implement while maintaining alerting capabilities?

Firewall whitelisting

Which of the following would be the BEST method for creating a detailed diagram of wireless access points and hotspots?

Footprinting

A company wants to modify its current backup strategy to minimize the number of backups that would need to be restored in case of data loss. Which of the following would be the BEST backup strategy to implement?

Full backups followed by differential backups

A company recently transitioned to a strictly BYOD culture due to the cost of replacing lost or damaged corporate-owned mobile devices. Which of the following technologies would be BEST to balance the BYOD culture while also protecting the company's data?

Full-disk encryption

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) has asked a technician to devise a solution that can detect unauthorized execution privileges form the OS in both executable and data files and can work in conjunction with proxies or UTM. Which of the following would BEST meet the CSO's requirements?

Fuzzing

A user is concerned that a web application will not be able to handle unexpected or random inputs without crashing. Which of the following BEST describes the type of testing the user should perform?

Fuzzing

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) needs to create a policy set that meets international standards for data privacy and sharing. Which of the following should the CISO read and understand before writing the policies?

GDPR

Which of the following is MOST likely to outline the roles and responsibilities of data controllers and data processors?

GDPR

An organization is developing an authentication service for use at the entry and exit ports of country borders. The service will use data feeds obtained from passport systems, passenger manifests, and high-definition video feeds from CCTV systems that are located at the ports. The service will incorporate machine-learning techniques to eliminate biometric enrollment processes while still allowing authorities to identify passengers with increasing accuracy over time. The more frequently passengers travel, the more accurately the service will identify them. Which of the following biometrics will MOST likely be used, without the need for enrollment? (Choose two.)

Gait/Facial

A security analyst needs to generate a server certificate to be used for 802.1X and secure RDP connections. The analyst is unsure what is required to perform the task and solicits help from a senior colleague. Which of the following is the FIRST step the senior colleague will most likely tell the analyst to perform to accomplish this task?

Generate a CSR.

A company is receiving emails with links to phishing sites that look very similar to the company's own website address and content. Which of the following is the BEST way for the company to mitigate this attack?

Generate a list of domains similar to the company's own and implement a DNS sinkhole for each.

An organization that has a large number of mobile devices is exploring enhanced security controls to manage unauthorized access if a device is lost or stolen. Specifically, if mobile devices are more than 3mi (4.8km) from the building, the management team would like to have the security team alerted and server resources restricted on those devices. Which of the following controls should the organization implement?

Geofencing

An organization is planning to open other datacenters to sustain operations in the event of a natural disaster. Which of the following considerations would BEST support the organization's resiliency?

Geographic dispersal

A security analyst must enforce policies to harden an MDM infrastructure. The equirements are as follows: - Ensure mobile devices can be tracked and wiped. - Confirm mobile devices are encrypted. Which of the following should the analyst enable on all the devices to meet these requirements?

Geolocation

A worldwide manufacturing company has been experiencing email account compromises. In one incident, a user logged in from the corporate office in France, but then seconds later, the same user account attempted a login from Brazil. Which of the following account policies would BEST prevent this type of attack?

Geolocation

The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of an organization would like staff members to have the flexibility to work from home anytime during business hours, including during a pandemic or crisis. However, the CEO is concerned that some staff members may take advantage of the flexibility and work from high-risk countries while on holiday or outsource work to a third- party organization in another country. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) believes the company can implement some basic controls to mitigate the majority of the risk. Which of the following would be BEST to mitigate the CEO's concerns? (Choose two.)

Geolocation/Time-of-day restrictions

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct a penetration test on its network and applications. The enterprise provided the firm with access to a guest account. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that is being used?

Gray-box

A cybersecurity administrator needs to implement a Layer 7 security control on a network and block potential attacks. Which of the following can block an attack at Layer 7? (Choose two.)

HIDS/WAF

An enterprise needs to keep cryptographic keys in a safe manner. Which of the following network appliances can achieve this goal?

HSM

A security analyst is evaluating solutions to deploy an additional layer of protection for a web application. The goal is to allow only encrypted communications without relying on network devices. Which of the following can be implemented?

HTTP security header

Which of the following threat actors is MOST likely to be motivated by ideology?

Hacktivist

A company's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) recently warned the security manager that the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is planning to publish a controversial opinion article in a national newspaper, which may result in new cyberattacks. Which of the following would be BEST for the security manager to use in a threat model?

Hacktivists

Which of the following BEST describes the method a security analyst would use to confirm a file that is downloaded from a trusted security website is not altered in transit or corrupted using a verified checksum?

Hashing

Which of the following BEST helps to demonstrate integrity during a forensic investigation?

Hashing

A website developer is working on a new e-commerce website and has asked an information security expert for the most appropriate way to store credit card numbers to create an easy reordering process. Which of the following methods would BEST accomplish this goal?

Hashing the credit card numbers upon entry

Which of the following cryptographic concepts would a security engineer utilize while implementing nonrepudiation? (Choose two.)

Hashing/Private key

A web server administrator has redundant servers and needs to ensure failover to the secondary server when the primary server goes down. Which of the following should the administrator implement to avoid disruption?

High availability

The Chief Compliance Officer from a bank has approved a background check policy for all new hires. Which of the following is the policy MOST likely protecting against?

Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance

A financial institution would like to store its customer data in a cloud but still allow the data to be accessed and manipulated while encrypted. Doing so would prevent the cloud service provider from being able to decipher the data due to its sensitivity. The financial institution is not concerned about computational overheads and slow speeds. Which of the following cryptographic techniques would BEST meet the requirement?

Homomorphic

A cloud service provider has created an environment where customers can connect existing local networks to the cloud for additional computing resources and block internal HR applications from reaching the cloud. Which of the following cloud models is being used?

Hybrid

Which of the following distributes data among nodes, making it more difficult to manipulate the data while also minimizing downtime?

Hybrid cloud

A company is considering transitioning to the cloud. The company employs individuals from various locations around the world. The company does not want to increase its on premises infrastructure blueprint and only wants to pay for additional compute power required. Which of the following solutions would BEST meet the needs of the company?

Hybrid environment

A security analyst is reviewing the following command-line output: Internet address Physical address Type 192.168.1.1 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.2 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.3 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.4 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.5 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic ---output omitted- -- 192.168.1.251 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.252 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.253 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.254 aa-bb-cc-00-11-22 dynamic 192.168.1.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff dynamic Which of the following is the analyst observing?

ICMP spoofing

Which of the following ISO standards is certified for privacy?

ISO 27701

A company reduced the area utilized in its datacenter by creating virtual networking through automation and by creating provisioning routes and rules through scripting. Which of the following does this example describe?

IaC

Which of the following cloud models provides clients with servers, storage, and networks but nothing else?

IaaS

A security analyst is running a vulnerability scan to check for missing patches during a suspected security incident. During which of the following phases of the response process is this activity MOST likely occurring?

Identification

A security operations analyst is using the company's SIEM solution to correlate alerts. Which of the following stages of the incident response process is this an example of?

Identification

A developer is building a new portal to deliver single-pane-of-glass management capabilities to customers with multiple firewalls. To improve the user experience, the developer wants to implement an authentication and authorization standard that uses security tokens that contain assertions to pass user information between nodes. Which of the following roles should the developer configure to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Identity provider/Tokenized resource

An organization has a growing workforce that is mostly driven by additions to the sales department. Each newly hired salesperson relies on a mobile device to conduct business. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) is wondering if the organization may need to scale down just as quickly as it scaled up. The CIO is also concerned about the organization's security and customer privacy. Which of the following would be BEST to address the CIO's concerns?

Implement BYOD for the sales department while leveraging the MDM.

An organization blocks user access to command-line interpreters, but hackers still managed to invoke the interpreters using native administrative tools. Which of the following should the security team do to prevent this from happening in the future?

Implement HIPS to block inbound and outbound SMB ports 139 and 445.

A security engineer needs to implement the following requirements: . All Layer 2 switches should leverage Active Directory for authentication. . All Layer 2 switches should use local fallback authentication of Active Directory is offline. . All Layer 2 switches are not the same and are manufactured by several vendors. Which of the following actions should the engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Implement RADIUS/Configure port security on the switch with the secondary login method.

An organization wants to participate in threat intelligence information sharing with peer groups. Which of the following would MOST likely meet the organization's requirement?

Implement a TAXII server.

Joe, a user at a company, clicked an email links that led to a website that infected his workstation. Joe was connected to the network, and the virus spread to the network shares. The protective measures failed to stop this virus, and it has continued to evade detection. Which of the following should a security administrator implement to protect the environment from this malware?

Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution.

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is concerned about the organization's ability to continue business operations in the event of a prolonged DDoS attack on its local datacenter that consumes database resources. Which of the following will the CISO MOST likely recommend to mitigate this risk?

Implement a hot-site failover location.

A security analyst is responding to an alert from the SIEM. The alert states that malware was discovered on a host and was not automatically deleted. Which of the following would be BEST for the analyst to perform?

Implement a network-wide scan for other instances of the malware.

A network administrator is concerned about users being exposed to malicious content when accessing company cloud applications. The administrator wants to be able to block access to sites based on the AUP. The users must also be protected because many of them work from home or at remote locations, providing on-site customer support. Which of the following should the administrator employ to meet these criteria?

Implement an SWG.

A Chief Security Office's (CSO's) key priorities are to improve preparation, response, and recovery practices to minimize system downtime and enhance organizational resilience to ransomware attacks. Which of the following would BEST meet the CSO's objectives?

Implement application whitelisting and centralized event-log management, and perform regular testing and validation of full backups

A company has limited storage space available and an online presence that cannot be down for more than four hours. Which of the following backup methodologies should the company implement to allow for the FASTEST database restore time in the event of a failure, while being mindful of the limited available storage space?

Implement differential backups every Sunday at 8:00 p.m. and nightly incremental backups at 8:00 p.m.

A dynamic application vulnerability scan identified that code injection could be performed using a web form. Which of the following will be the BEST remediation to prevent this vulnerability?

Implement input validations.

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned about the amount of PII that is stored locally on each salesperson's laptop. The sales department has a higher-than-average rate of lost equipment. Which of the following recommendations would BEST address the CSO's concern?

Implement managed FDE.

A security analyst discovers that a company's username and password database was posted on an Internet forum. The usernames and passwords are stored in plain text. Which of the following would mitigate the damage done by this type of data exfiltration in the future?

Implement salting and hashing.

A company is implementing a new SIEM to log and send alerts whenever malicious activity is blocked by its antivirus and web content filters. Which of the following is the primary use case for this scenario?

Implementation of detective controls

Which of the following is the BEST example of a cost-effective physical control to enforce a USB removable media restriction policy?

Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced

A security analyst is concerned about critical vulnerabilities that have been detected on some applications running inside containers. Which of the following is the BEST remediation strategy?

Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers

Which of the following BEST reduces the security risks introduced when running systems that have expired vendor support and lack an immediate replacement?

Increase the frequency of vulnerability scans.

An organization's RPO for a critical system is two hours. The system is used Monday through Friday, from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Currently, the organization performs a full backup every Saturday that takes four hours to complete. Which of the following additional backup implementations would be the MOST efficient way for the analyst to meet the business requirements?

Incremental backups Monday through Friday at 6:00 p.m. and differential backups hourly

A security analyst needs to be proactive in understanding the types of attacks that could potentially target the company's executives. Which of the following intelligence sources should the security analyst review?

Industry information-sharing and collaboration groups

A client sent several inquiries to a project manager about the delinquent delivery status of some critical reports. The project manager claimed the reports were previously sent via email, but then quickly generated and backdated the reports before submitting them as plain text within the body of a new email message thread. Which of the following actions MOST likely supports an investigation for fraudulent submission?

Inspect the file metadata

Following a prolonged datacenter outage that affected web-based sales, a company has decided to move its operations to a private cloud solution. The security team has received the following requirements: -There must be visibility into how teams are using cloud-based services. -The company must be able to identify when data related to payment cards is being sent to the cloud. -Data must be available regardless of the end user's geographic location. -Administrators need a single pane-of-glass view into traffic and trends. Which of the following should the security analyst recommend?

Install a DLP solution to monitor data in transit.

A network engineer needs to build a solution that will allow guests at the company's headquarters to access the Internet via WiFi. This solution should not allow access to the internal corporate network, but it should require guests to sign off on the acceptable use policy before accessing the Internet. Which of the following should the engineer employ to meet these requirements?

Install a captive portal

To mitigate the impact of a single VM being compromised by another VM on the same hypervisor, an administrator would like to utilize a technical control to further segregate the traffic. Which of the following solutions would BEST accomplish this objective?

Install a hypervisor firewall to filter east-west traffic

A security analyst is investigating a phishing email that contains a malicious document directed to the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Which of the following should the analyst perform to understand the threat and retrieve possible IoCs?

Install a sandbox to run the malicious payload in a safe environment.

Which of the following are requirements that must be configured for PCI DSS compliance? (Choose two.)

Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data/Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks

A cyber threat intelligence analyst is gathering data about a specific adversary using OSINT techniques. Which of the following should the analyst use?

Internal log files

Which of the following is the MOST effective control against zero-day vulnerabilities?

Intrusion prevention system

An organization recently acquired an ISO 27001 certification. Which of the following would MOST likely be considered a benefit of this certification?

It assures customers that the organization meets security standards.

A security incident has been resolved. Which of the following BEST describes the importance of the final phase of the incident response plan?

It examines and documents how well the team responded, discovers what caused the incident, and determines how the incident can be avoided in the future.

Which of the following is a benefit of including a risk management framework into an organization's security approach?

It provides legal assurances and remedies in the event a data breach occurs.

Certain users are reporting their accounts are being used to send unauthorized emails and conduct suspicious activities. After further investigation, a security analyst notices the following: - All users share workstations throughout the day. - Endpoint protection was disabled on several workstations throughout the network. - Travel times on logins from the affected users are impossible. - Sensitive data is being uploaded to external sites. - All user account passwords were forced to be reset and the issue continued. Which of the following attacks is being used to compromise the user accounts?

Keylogger

Law enforcement officials sent a company a notification that states electronically stored information and paper documents cannot be destroyed. Which of the following explains this process?

Legal hold

A security analyst is investigating multiple hosts that are communicating to external IP addresses between the hours of 2:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m. The malware has evaded detection by traditional antivirus software. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely infecting the hosts?

Logic bomb

Which of the following will increase cryptographic security?

Longer key longevity

A company installed several crosscut shredders as part of increased information security practices targeting data leakage risks. Which of the following will this practice reduce?

Low FRR

A security analyst needs to make a recommendation for restricting access to certain segments of the network using only data-link layer security. Which of the following controls will the analyst MOST likely recommend?

MAC

A penetration tester successfully gained access to a company's network. The investigating analyst determines malicious traffic connected through the WAP despite filtering rules being in place. Logging in to the connected switch, the analyst sees the following in the ARP table:10.10.0.33 a9:60:21:db:a9:83 10.10.0.97 50:4f:b1:55:ab:5d 10.10.0.70 10:b6:a8:1c:0a:33 10.10.0.51 50:4f:b1:55:ab:5d 10.10.0.42 d5:7d:fa:14:a5:46 Which of the following did the penetration tester MOST likely use?

MAC cloning

A security administrator checks the table of a network switch, which shows the following output: VLAN Physical address Type Port 1 001a:42ff:5113 Dynamic GE0/5 1 Ofaa:abcf:ddee Dynamic GE0/5 1 c6a9:6bl6:758e Dynamic GE0/5 1 a3aa:b6a3:1212 Dynamic GE0/5 1 8025:2ad8:bfac Dynamic GE0/5 1 b839:f995:a00a Dynamic GE0/5 Which of the following is happening to this switch?

MAC flooding

Security analysts are conducting an investigation of an attack that occurred inside the organization's network. An attacker was able to collect network traffic between workstations throughout the network. The analysts review the following logs: VLAN Address -------- ----------------- 1 0007.1e5d.3213 1 002a.7d.44.8801 1 0011.aab4.344d The Layer 2 address table has hundreds of entries similar to the ones above. Which of the following attacks has MOST likely occurred?

MAC flooding

An organization recently recovered form a data breach. During the root cause analysis, the organization determined the source of the breach to be a personal cell phone that had been reported lost. Which of the following solutions should the organization implement to reduce the likelihood of future data breaches?

MDM

During an investigation, events from two affected servers in the same subnetwork occurred at the same time: Which of the following should be consistently configured to prevent the issue seen in the logs?

MFA

A security analyst is preparing a threat brief for an upcoming internal penetration test. The analyst needs to identify a method for determining the tactics, techniques, and procedures of a threat actor against the organization's network. Which of the following will the analyst MOST likely use to accomplish the objective?

MITRE ATTACK

A SOC is currently being outsourced. Which of the following is being used?

MSSP

A cybersecurity administrator has a reduced team and needs to operate an on-premises network and security infrastructure efficiently. To help with the situation, the administrator decides to hire a service provider. Which of the following should the administrator use?

MSSP

A company has determined that if its computer-based manufacturing machinery is not functioning for 12 consecutive hours, it will lose more money than it costs to maintain the equipment. Which of the following must be less than 12 hours maintain a positive total cost of ownership?

MTBF

A system that requires an operation availability of 99.99% and has an annual maintenance window available to patching and fixes will require the HIGHEST:

MTBF

Which of the following describes a maintenance metric that measures the average time required to troubleshoot and restore failed equipment?

MTTR

An employee received a word processing file that was delivered as an email attachment. The subject line and email content enticed the employee to open the attachment. Which of the following attack vectors BEST matches this malware?

Macro-enabled file

A junior security analyst is conducting an analysis after passwords were changed on multiple accounts without users' interaction. The SIEM have multiple login entries with the following text: suspicious event -user: scheduledtasks successfully authenticate on AD on abnormal time suspicious event -user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups \amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py suspicious event -user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups \secureyourAD-3rdparty-compliance.sh suspicious event -user: scheduledtasks successfully executed c:\weekly_checkups \amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py Which of the following is the MOST likely attack conducted on the environment

Malicious script

A company processes highly sensitive data and senior management wants to protect the sensitive data by utilizing classification labels. Which of the following access control schemes would be BEST for the company to implement?

Mandatory

Which of the following corporate policies is used to help prevent employee fraud and to detect system log modifications or other malicious activity based on tenure?

Mandatory vacation

Which of the following function as preventive, detective, and deterrent controls to reduce the risk of physical theft? (Choose two.)

Mantraps/Security guards

A systems administrator reports degraded performance on a virtual server. The administrator increases the virtual memory allocation, which improves conditions, but performance degrades again after a few days. The administrator runs an analysis tool and sees the following output: ==3214== timeAttend.exe analyzed ==3214== ERROR SUMMARY: ==3214== malloc/free: in use at exit: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. ==3214== checked 82116 bytes ==3214== definitely lost: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. The administrator terminates the timeAttend.exe, observes system performance over the next few days, and notices that the system performance does not degrade. Which of the following issues is MOST likely occurring?

Memory leak

A grocery store is expressing security and reliability concerns regarding the on-site backup strategy currently being performed by locally attached disks. The main concerns are the physical security of the backup media and the durability of the data stored on these devices. Which of the following is a cost-effective approach to address these concerns?

Migrate to a cloud backup solution.

An organization is building backup server rooms in geographically diverse locations. The Chief Information Security Officer implemented a requirement on the project that states the new hardware cannot be susceptible to the same vulnerabilities in the existing server room. Which of the following should the systems engineer consider?

Migrating workloads to public cloud infrastructure

The board of directors at a company contracted with an insurance firm to limit the organization's liability. Which of the following risk management practices does this BEST describe?

Mitigation

A company is adopting a BYOD policy and is looking for a comprehensive solution to protect company information on user devices. Which of the following solutions would BEST support the policy?

Mobile device management

Field workers in an organization are issued mobile phones on a daily basis. All the work is performed within one city, and the mobile phones are not used for any purpose other than work. The organization does not want these phones used for personal purposes. The organization would like to issue the phones to workers as permanent devices so the phones do not need to be reissued every day. Given the conditions described, which of the following technologies would BEST meet these requirements?

Mobile device management

A user must introduce a password and a USB key to authenticate against a secure computer, and authentication is limited to the state in which the company resides. Which of the following authentication concepts are in use?

Multifactor authentication

An organization is concerned about intellectual property theft by employees who leave the organization. Which of the following will the organization MOST likely implement?

NDA

The security team received a report of copyright infringement from the IP space of the corporate network. The report provided a precise time stamp for the incident as well as the name of the copyrighted file. The analyst has been tasked with determining the infringing source machine and instructed to implement measures to prevent such incidents from occurring again. Which of the following is MOST capable of accomplishing both tasks?

NGFW

A network administrator has been asked to design a solution to improve a company's security posture. The administrator is given the following requirements: - The solution must be inline in the network. - The solution must be able to block known malicious traffic. - The solution must be able to stop network-based attacks. Which of the following should the network administrator implement to BEST meet these requirements?

NIPS

Which of the following provides a catalog of security and privacy controls related to the United States federal information systems?

NIST 800-53

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is evaluating the dangers involved in deploying a new ERP system for the company. The CISO categorizes the system, selects the controls that apply to the system, implements the controls, and then assesses the success of the controls before authorizing the system. Which of the following is the CISO using to evaluate the environment for this new ERP system?

NIST Risk Management Framework

A security analyst needs to complete an assessment. The analyst is logged into a server and must use native tools to map services running on it to the server's listening ports. Which of the following tools can BEST accomplish this task?

Netstat

A security administrator needs to inspect in-transit files on the enterprise network to search for PII, credit card data, and classification words. Which of the following would be the BEST to use?

Network DLP solution

A network engineer needs to create a plan for upgrading the wireless infrastructure in a large office. Priority must be given to areas that are currently experiencing latency and connection issues. Which of the following would be the BEST resource for determining the order of priority?

Network diagrams

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has decided to reorganize security staff to concentrate on incident response and to outsource outbound Internet URL categorization and filtering to an outside company. Additionally, the CISO would like this solution to provide the same protections even when a company laptop or mobile device is away from a home office. Which of the following should the CISO choose?

Next-generation SWG

A penetration tester was able to compromise an internal server and is now trying to pivot the current session in a network lateral movement. Which of the following tools, if available on the server, will provide the MOST useful information for the next assessment step?

Nmap

A security administrator suspects there may be unnecessary services running on a server. Which of the following tools will the administrator MOST likely use to confirm the suspicions?

Nmap

A news article states that a popular web browser deployed on all corporate PCs is vulnerable to a zero-day attack. Which of the following MOST concerns the Chief Information Security Officer about the information in the news article?

No patches are available for the web browser.

A financial analyst has been accused of violating the company's AUP and there is forensic evidence to substantiate the allegation. Which of the following would dispute the analyst's claim of innocence?

Non-repudiation

Which of the following is assured when a user signs an email using a private key?

Non-repudiation

When used at design stage, which of the following improves the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of a database?

Normalization

Which of the following is an example of risk avoidance?

Not installing new software to prevent compatibility errors

A cybersecurity analyst needs to implement secure authentication to third-party websites without users' passwords. Which of the following would be the BEST way to achieve this objective?

OAuth

Which of the following would be used to find the MOST common web-application vulnerabilities?

OWASP

In which of the following common use cases would steganography be employed?

Obfuscation

A retail executive recently accepted a job with a major competitor. The following week, a security analyst reviews the security logs and identifies successful logon attempts to access the departed executive's accounts. Which of the following security practices would have addressed the issue?

Offboarding

After a WiFi scan of a local office was conducted, an unknown wireless signal was identified. Upon investigation, an unknown Raspberry Pi device was found connected to an Ethernet port using a single connection. Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of this device?

On-path attack

An attacker was eavesdropping on a user who was shopping online. The attacker was able to spoof the IP address associated with the shopping site. Later, the user received an email regarding the credit card statement with unusual purchases. Which of the following attacks took place?

On-path attack

A company is concerned about its security after a red-team exercise. The report shows the team was able to reach the critical servers due to the SMB being exposed to the Internet and running NTLMv1. Which of the following BEST explains the findings?

Open ports and services

A security monitoring company offers a service that alerts its customers if their credit cards have been stolen. Which of the following is the MOST likely source of this information?

PCI

A company recently set up an e-commerce portal to sell its product online. The company wants to start accepting credit cards for payment, which requires compliance with a security standard. Which of the following standards must the company comply with before accepting credit cards on its e-commerce platform?

PCI DSS

An organization is moving away from the use of client-side and server-side certificates for EAP. The company would like for the new EAP solution to have the ability to detect rogue access points. Which of the following would accomplish these requirements?

PCI DSS

An information security officer at a credit card transaction company is conducting a framework-mapping exercise with the internal controls. The company recently established a new office in Europe. To which of the following frameworks should the security officer map the existing controls? (Choose two.)

PCI DSS/GDPR

Business partners are working on a security mechanism to validate transactions securely. The requirement is for one company to be responsible for deploying a trusted solution that will register and issue artifacts used to sign, encrypt, and decrypt transaction files. Which of the following is the BEST solution to adopt?

PKI

A user reports trouble using a corporate laptop. The laptop freezes and responds slowly when writing documents, and the mouse pointer occasionally disappears. The task list shows the following results: Which of the following is MOST likely the issue?

PUP

An analyst needs to identify the applications a user was running and the files that were open before the user's computer was shut off by holding down the power button. Which of the following would MOST likely contain that information?

Pagefile

A security analyst is performing a forensic investigation involving compromised account credentials. Using the Event Viewer, the analyst was able to detect the following message: "Special privileges assigned to new logon." Several of these messages did not have a valid logon associated with the user before these privileges were assigned. Which of the following attacks is MOST likely being detected?

Pass-the-hash

An application owner reports suspicious activity on an internal financial application from various internal users within the past 14 days. A security analyst notices the following: • Financial transactions were occurring during irregular time frames and outside of business hours by unauthorized users. • Internal users in question were changing their passwords frequently during that time period. • A jump box that several domain administrator users use to connect to remote devices was recently compromised. • The authentication method used in the environment is NTLM. Which of the following types of attacks is MOST likely being used to gain unauthorized access?

Pass-the-hash

A security engineer has enabled two-factor authentication on all workstations. Which of the following approaches are the MOST secure? (Choose two.)

Password and smart card/Password and fingerprint

A security policy states that common words should not be used as passwords. A security auditor was able to perform a dictionary attack against corporate credentials. Which of the following controls was being violated?

Password complexity

Multiple business accounts were compromised a few days after a public website had its credentials database leaked on the Internet. No business emails were identified in the breach, but the security team thinks that the list of passwords exposed was later used to compromise business accounts. Which of the following would mitigate the issue?

Password history

Which of the following would satisfy three-factor authentication?

Password, retina scanner, and NFC card

A security analyst is reviewing the following attack log output: Which of the following types of attacks does this MOST likely represent?

Password-spraying

A multinational organization that offers web-based services has datacenters that are located only in the United States; however, a large number of its customers are in Australia, Europe, and China. Payments for services are managed by a third party in the United Kingdom that specializes in payment gateways. The management team is concerned the organization is not compliant with privacy laws that cover some of its customers. Which of the following frameworks should the management team follow?

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

If a current private key is compromised, which of the following would ensure it cannot be used to decrypt all historical data?

Perfect forward secrecy

Which of the following would MOST likely support the integrity of a voting machine?

Perfect forward secrecy

An administrator needs to protect user passwords and has been advised to hash the passwords. Which of the following BEST describes what the administrator is being advised to do?

Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.

A business operations manager is concerned that a PC that is critical to business operations will have a costly hardware failure soon. The manager is looking for options to continue business operations without incurring large costs. Which of the following would mitigate the manager's concerns?

Perform a physical-to-virtual migration.

A network engineer has been asked to investigate why several wireless barcode scanners and wireless computers in a warehouse have intermittent connectivity to the shipping server. The barcode scanners and computers are all on forklift trucks and move around the warehouse during their regular use. Which of the following should the engineer do to determine the issue? (Choose two.)

Perform a site survey/Create a heat map

Joe, an employee, receives an email stating he won the lottery. The email includes a link that requests a name, mobile phone number, address, and date of birth be provided to confirm Joe's identity before sending him the prize. Which of the following BEST describes this type of email?

Phishing

Which of the following types of controls is a turnstile?

Physical

While reviewing the wireless router, a systems administrator of a small business determines someone is spoofing the MAC address of an authorized device. Given the table below: Hostname IP address MAC MAC filter PC1 192.168.1.20 00:1E:1B:43:21:B2 On PC2 192.168.1.23 31:1C:3C:13:25:C4 Off PC3 192.168.1.25 20:A2:22:45:11:02 On UNKNOWN 192.168.1.21 12:44:B2:FF:A1:22 Off Which of the following should be the administrator's NEXT step to detect if there is a rogue system without impacting availability?

Physically check each system.

A security engineer needs to implement an MDM solution that complies with the corporate mobile device policy. The policy states that in order for mobile users to access corporate resources on their devices, the following requirements must be met: - Mobile device OSs must be patched up to the latest release. - A screen lock must be enabled (passcode or biometric). - Corporate data must be removed if the device is reported lost or stolen. Which of the following controls should the security engineer configure? (Choose two.)

Posturing/Remote wipe

While investigating a data leakage incident, a security analyst reviews access control to cloud-hosted data. The following information was presented in a security posture report: Policy to control external application integration: admin authorized only - 47 active integrations to third-party applications - 2 applications added by admin - 45 applications added by users - 32 OAuth apps authorize to access data Based on the report, which of the following was the MOST likely attack vector used against the company?

Potentially unwanted programs

After a phishing scam for a user's credentials, the red team was able to craft a payload to deploy on a server. The attack allowed the installation of malicious software that initiates a new remote session. Which of the following types of attacks has occurred?

Privilege escalation

Per company security policy, IT staff members are required to have separate credentials to perform administrative functions using just-in-time permissions. Which of the following solutions is the company implementing?

Privileged access management

A company was compromised, and a security analyst discovered the attacker was able to get access to a service account. The following logs were discovered during the investigation: User account "JHDoe" does not exist ... User account "VMAdmin" does not exist ... User account "tomcat" does not exist ... User account "Admin" does not exist ... Which of the following MOST likely would have prevented the attacker from learning the service account name?

Proper error handling

During an investigation, a security manager receives notification from local authorities that company proprietary data was found on a former employee's home computer. The former employee's corporate workstation has since been repurposed, and the data on the hard drive has been overwritten. Which of the following would BEST provide the security manager with enough details to determine when the data was removed from the company network?

Properly configured endpoint security tool with alerting

Two organizations are discussing a possible merger. Both organizations' Chief Financial Officers would like to safely share payroll data with each other to determine if the pay scales for different roles are similar at both organizations. Which of the following techniques would be BEST to protect employee data while allowing the companies to successfully share this information?

Pseudo-anonymization

A small retail business has a local store and a newly established and growing online storefront. A recent storm caused a power outage to the business and the local ISP, resulting in several hours of lost sales and delayed order processing. The business owner now needs to ensure two things: - Protection from power outages - Always-available connectivity in case of an outage The owner has decided to implement battery backups for the computer equipment. Which of the following would BEST fulfil the owner's second need?

Purchase services from a cloud provider for high availability.

A company is implementing MFA for all applications that store sensitive data. The IT manager wants MFA to be non-disruptive and user friendly. Which of the following technologies should the IT manager use when implementing MFA?

Push notifications

A company has discovered unauthorized devices are using its WiFi network, and it wants to harden the access point to improve security. Which of the following configurations should an analyst enable to improve security? (Choose two.)

RADIUS/WPA2-PSK

A security administrator needs to create a RAID configuration that is focused on high read speeds and fault tolerance. It is unlikely that multiple drives will fail simultaneously. Which of the following RAID configurations should the administrator use?

RAID 10

A critical file server is being upgraded, and the systems administrator must determine which RAID level the new server will need to achieve parity and handle two simultaneous disk failures. Which of the following RAID levels meet this requirement?

RAID 6

Which of the following in a forensic investigation should be priorities based on the order of volatility? (Choose two.)

RAM/Cache

An organization suffered an outage, and a critical system took 90 minutes to come back online. Though there was no data loss during the outage, the expectation was that the critical system would be available again within 60 minutes. Which of the following is the 60-minute expectation an example of?

RTO

Which of the following is a team of people dedicated to testing the effectiveness of organizational security programs by emulating the techniques of potential attackers?

Red team

A company needs to validate its updated incident response plan using a real-world scenario that will test decision points and relevant incident response actions without interrupting daily operations. Which of the following would BEST meet the company's requirements?

Red-team exercise

compatibility issues. The OSs are still supported by the vendor, but the industrial software is no longer supported. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has created a resiliency plan for these systems that will allow OS patches to be installed in a non-production environment, while also creating backups of the systems for recovery. Which of the following resiliency techniques will provide these capabilities?

Redundancy

A security incident may have occurred on the desktop PC of an organization's Chief Executive Officer (CEO). A duplicate copy of the CEO's hard drive must be stored securely to ensure appropriate forensic processes and the chain of custody are followed. Which of the following should be performed to accomplish this task?

Refrain from completing a forensic analysis of the CEO's hard drive until after the incident is confirmed; duplicating the hard drive at this stage could destroy evidence.

A bank detects fraudulent activity on user's account. The user confirms transactions completed yesterday on the bank's website at https:/www.company.com. A security analyst then examines the user's Internet usage logs and observes the following output: date;username;url;destinationport;responsecode 2020-03-01;userann;http://www.company.org/;80;302 2020-03-01;userann:http://www.company.org/secure_login/;80;200 2020-03-0l;userann:http://www.company.org/dashboard/;80;200 Which of the following has MOST likely occurred?

Replay attack

Hackers recently attacked a company's network and obtained several unfavorable pictures from the Chief Executive Officer's workstation. The hackers are threatening to send the images to the press if a ransom is not paid. Which of the following is impacted the MOST?

Reputation

A large retail store's network was breached recently, and this news was made public. The store did not lose any intellectual property, and no customer information was stolen. Although no fines were incurred as a result, the store lost revenue after the breach. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this issue?

Reputation damage

A security analyst is reviewing a penetration-testing report from a third-party contractor. The penetration testers used the organization's new API to bypass a driver to perform privilege escalation on the organization's web servers. Upon looking at the API, the security analyst realizes the particular API call was to a legacy system running an outdated OS. Which of the following is the MOST likely attack type?

Request forgery

A network administrator has been alerted that web pages are experiencing long load times. After determining it is not a routing or DNS issue, the administrator logs in to the router, runs a command, and receives the following output: Which of the following is the router experiencing?

Resource exhaustion

Which of the following would be BEST for a technician to review to determine the total risk an organization can bear when assessing a "cloud-first" adoption strategy?

Risk appetite

Which of the following would be BEST for a technician to review to determine the total risk an organization can bear when assessing a "cloud-first" adoption strategy?

Risk tolerance

After consulting with the Chief Risk Officer (CRO), a manager decides to acquire cybersecurity insurance for the company. Which of the following risk management strategies is the manager adopting?

Risk transference

A user contacts the help desk to report the following: - Two days ago, a pop-up browser window prompted the user for a name and password after connecting to the corporate wireless SSID. This had never happened before, but the user entered the information as requested. - The user was able to access the Internet but had trouble accessing the department share until the next day. - The user is now getting notifications from the bank about unauthorized transactions. Which of the following attack vectors was MOST likely used in this scenario?

Rogue access point

A DBA reports that several production server hard drives were wiped over the weekend. The DBA also reports that several Linux servers were unavailable due to system files being deleted unexpectedly. A security analyst verified that software was configured to delete data deliberately from those servers. No backdoors to any servers were found. Which of the following attacks was MOST likely used to cause the data loss?

Rootkit

Which of the following scenarios would make DNS sinkhole effective in thwarting an attack?

Routing tables have been compromised, and an attacker is rerouting traffic to malicious websites.

A local coffee shop runs a small WiFi hotspot for its customers that utilizes WPA2-PSK. The coffee shop would like to stay current with security trends and wants to implement WPA3 to make its WiFi even more secure. Which of the following technologies will the coffee shop MOST likely use in place of PSK?

SAE

An organization with a low tolerance for user inconvenience wants to protect laptop hard drives against loss or data theft. Which of the following would be the MOST acceptable?

SED

A recent security breach exploited software vulnerabilities in the firewall and within the network management solution. Which of the following will MOST likely be used to identify when the breach occurred through each device?

SIEM correlation dashboards

A malware attack has corrupted 30TB of company data across all file servers. A systems administrator identifies the malware and contains the issue, but the data is unrecoverable. The administrator is not concerned about the data loss because the company has a system in place that will allow users to access the data that was backed up last night. Which of the following resiliency techniques did the administrator MOST likely use to prevent impacts to business operations after an attack?

SLA

An organization would like to remediate the risk associated with its cloud service provider not meeting its advertised 99.999% availability metrics. Which of the following should the organization consult for the exact requirements for the cloud provider?

SLA

Which of the following policies establishes rules to measure third-party work tasks and ensure deliverables are provided within a specific time line?

SLA

Which of the following should be put in place when negotiating with a new vendor about the timeliness of the response to a significant outage or incident?

SLA

An analyst is trying to identify insecure services that are running on the internal network. After performing a port scan, the analyst identifies that a server has some insecure services enabled on default ports. Which of the following BEST describes the services that are currently running and the secure alternatives for replacing them? (Choose three.)

SNMPv2, SNMPv3/IHTTP, HTTPS/Telnet, SSH

A security administrator currently spends a large amount of time on common security tasks, such as report generation, phishing investigations, and user provisioning and deprovisioning. This prevents the administrator from spending time on other security projects. The business does not have the budget to add more staff members. Which of the following should the administrator attempt?

SOAR

A small company that does not have security staff wants to improve its security posture. Which of the following would BEST assist the company?

SOAR

An organization wants to integrate its incident response processes into a workflow with automated decision points and actions based on predefined playbooks. Which of the following should the organization implement?

SOAR

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has requested that a third-party vendor provide supporting documents that show proper controls are in place to protect customer data. Which of the following would be BEST for the third-party vendor to provide to the CISO?

SOC 2 Type 2 report

Which of the following are common VoIP-associated vulnerabilities? (Choose two.)

SPIM/Vishing

A company is providing security awareness training regarding the importance of not forwarding social media messages from unverified sources. Which of the following risks would this training help to prevent?

SPIMs

A large enterprise has moved all its data to the cloud behind strong authentication and encryption. A sales director recently had a laptop stolen, and later enterprise data was found to have been compromised from a local database. Which of the following was the MOST likely cause?

SQL injection

A security analyst is investigating suspicious traffic on the web server located at IP address 10.10.1.1. A search of the WAF logs reveals the following output: Which of the following is MOST likely occurring?

SQLi attack

A security analyst was deploying a new website and found a connection attempting to authenticate on the site's portal. While investigating the incident, the analyst identified the following input in the username field:

SQLi on the field to bypass authentication

An organization wants seamless authentication to its applications. Which of the following should the organization employ to meet this requirement?

SSO

A company has three technicians who share the same credentials for troubleshooting system. Every time credentials are changed, the new ones are sent by email to all three technicians. The security administrator has become aware of this situation and wants to implement a solution to mitigate the risk. Which of the following is the BEST solution for company to implement?

SSO authentication

The Chief Security Officer (CSO) at a major hospital wants to implement SSO to help improve security in the environment and protect patient data, particularly at shared terminals. The Chief Risk Officer (CRO) is concerned that training and guidance have not been provided to frontline staff, and a risk analysis has not been performed. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the CRO's concerns?

SSO would reduce the resilience and availability of systems if the identity provider goes offline.

Which of the following often operates in a client-server architecture to act as a service repository, providing enterprise consumers access to structured threat intelligence data?

STIX

A company is looking to migrate some servers to the cloud to minimize its technology footprint. The company has 100 databases that are on premises. Which of the following solutions will require the LEAST management and support from the company?

SaaS

To reduce and overhead, an organization wants to move from an on-premises email solution to a cloud-based email solution. At this time,no other services will be moving. Which of the following cloud models would BEST meet the needs of the organization?

SaaS

A database administrator needs to ensure all passwords are stored in a secure manner, so the administrator adds randomly generated data to each password before storing. Which of the following techniques BEST explains this action?

Salting

A small business just recovered from a ransomware attack against its file servers by purchasing the decryption keys from the attackers. The issue was triggered by a phishing email and the IT administrator wants to ensure it does not happen again. Which of the following should the IT administrator do FIRST after recovery?

Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis.

A document that appears to be malicious has been discovered in an email that was sent to a company's Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Which of the following would be BEST to allow a security analyst to gather information and confirm it is a malicious document without executing any code it may contain?

Search for matching file hashes on malware websites.

A security analyst sees the following log output while reviewing web logs: [02/Feb2019:03:39:21 -0000] 23.35.212.99 12.59.34.88 - "GET /uri/input.action?query=%2f..%2f..%2f..%2fetc%2fpasswrd HTTP/1.0" 80 200 200 [02/Feb2019:03:39:85 -0000] 23.35.212.99 12.59.34.88 - "GET /uri/input.action?query=/../../../etc/password HTTP/1.0" 80 200 200 Which of the following mitigation strategies would be BEST to prevent this attack from being successful?

Secure cookies

The CSIRT is reviewing the lessons learned from a recent incident. A worm was able to spread unhindered throughout the network and infect a large number of computers and servers. Which of the following recommendations would be BEST to mitigate the impacts of a similar incident in the future?

Segment the network with firewalls.

The facilities supervisor for a government agency is concerned about unauthorized access to environmental systems in the event the staff WiFi network is breached. Which of the following would BEST address this security concern?

Segment the staff WiFi network from the environmental systems network.

The Chief Information Security Officer wants to pilot a new adaptive, user-based authentication method. The concept includes granting logical access based on physical location and proximity. Which of the following is the BEST solution for the pilot?

Self-sovereign identification

Which of the following policies would help an organization identify and mitigate potential single points of failure in the company's IT/security operations?

Separation of duties

A security analyst is reviewing a new website that will soon be made publicly available. The analyst sees the following in the URL: http://dev-site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=77276554&loc=us The analyst then sends an internal user a link to the new website for testing purposes, and when the user clicks the link, the analyst is able to browse the website with the following URL: http://dev-site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=98988475&loc=us Which of the following application attacks is being tested?

Session replay

A security analyst is configuring a large number of new company-issued laptops. The analyst received the following requirements: The devices will be used internationally by staff who travel extensively. Occasional personal use is acceptable due to the travel requirements. Users must be able to install and configure sanctioned programs and productivity suites. The devices must be encrypted. The devices must be capable of operating in low-bandwidth environments. Which of the following would provide the GREATEST benefit to the security posture of the devices?

Setting the antivirus DAT update schedule to weekly

The IT department at a university is concerned about professors placing servers on the university network in an attempt to bypass security controls. Which of the following BEST represents this type of threat?

Shadow IT

Which of the following refers to applications and systems that are used within an organization without consent or approval?

Shadow IT

Which of the following is a risk that is specifically associated with hosting applications in the public cloud?

Shared tenancy

Several employees have noticed other bystanders can clearly observe a terminal where passcodes are being entered. Which of the following can be eliminated with the use of a privacy screen?

Shoulder surfing

A company recently experienced a major breach. An investigation concludes that customer credit card data was stolen and exfiltrated through a dedicated business partner connection to a vendor, who is not held to the same security control standards. Which of the following is the MOST likely source of the breach?

Side channel

Which of the following would produce the closest experience of responding to an actual incident response scenario?

Simulation

An organization has expanded its operations by opening a remote office. The new office is fully furnished with office resources to support up to 50 employees working on any given day. Which of the following VPN solutions would BEST support the new office?

Site-to-site

A company currently uses passwords for logging in to company-owned devices and wants to add a second authentication factor. Per corporate policy, users are not allowed to have smartphones at their desks. Which of the following would meet these requirements?

Smart card

A user received an SMS on a mobile phone that asked for bank details. Which of the following social-engineering techniques was used in this case?

Smishing

A security forensics analyst is examining a virtual server. The analyst wants to preserve the present state of the virtual server, including memory contents. Which of the following backup types should be used?

Snapshot

Which of the following BEST describes the MFA attribute that requires a callback on a predefined landline?

Something you are

A user enters a password to log in to a workstation and is then prompted to enter an authentication code. Which of the following MFA factors or attributes are being utilized in the authentication process? (Choose two.)

Something you know/Something you have

An organization maintains several environments in which patches are developed and tested before being deployed to an operational status. Which of the following is the environment in which patches will be deployed just prior to being put into an operational status?

Staging

Which of the following environments minimizes end-user disruption and MOST likely to be used to assess the impacts of any database migrations or major system changes by using the final version of the code?

Staging

A major political party experienced a server breach. The hacker then publicly posted stolen internal communications concerning campaign strategies to give the opposition party an advantage. Which of the following BEST describes these threat actors?

State actors

The IT department's on-site developer has been with the team for many years. Each time an application is released, the security team is able to identify multiple vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST help the team ensure the application is ready to be released to production?

Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

After returning from a conference a user's laptop has been operating slower than normal and overheating, and the fans have been running constantly. During the diagnosis process, an unknown piece of hardware is found connected to the laptop's motherboard. Which of the following attack vectors was exploited to install the hardware?

Supply chain

As part of a company's ongoing SOC maturation process, the company wants to implement a method to share cyber threat intelligence data with outside security partners. Which of the following will the company MOST likely implement?

TAXII

An analyst needs to set up a method for securely transferring files between systems. One of the requirements is to authenticate the IP header and the payload. Which of the following services would BEST meet the criteria?

TLS

Which of the following authentication methods sends out a unique password to be used within a specific number of seconds?

TOTP

Which of the following disaster recovery tests is the LEAST time consuming for the disaster recovery team?

Tabletop

A company has installed badge readers for building access but is finding unauthorized individuals roaming the hallways. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

Tailgating

The human resources department of a large online retailer has received multiple customer complaints about the rudeness of the automated chatbots it uses to interface and assist online shoppers. The system, which continuously learns and adapts, was working fine when it was installed a few months ago. Which of the following BEST describes the method being used to exploit the system?

Tainted training data

Which of the following environments typically hosts the current version configurations and code, compares user-story responses and workflow, and uses a modified version of actual data for testing?

Test

Which of the following environments utilizes dummy data and is MOST likely to be installed locally on a system that allows code to be assessed directly and modified easily with each build?

Test

Which of the following environments would MOST likely be used to assess the execution of component parts of a system at both the hardware and software levels and to measure performance characteristics?

Test

A host was infected with malware. During the incident response, Joe, a user, reported that he did not receive any emails with links, but he had been browsing the Internet all day. Which of the following would MOST likely show where the malware originated?

The DNS logs

A security researcher is tracking an adversary by nothing its attacks and techniques based on its capabilities, infrastructure, and victims. Which of the following is the researcher MOST likely using?

The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis

A security analyst discovers several .jpg photos from a cellular phone during a forensic investigation involving a compromised system. The analyst runs a forensic tool to gather file metadata. Which of the following would be part of the images if all the metadata is still intact?

The GPS location

A security analyst has been reading about a newly discovered cyberattack from a known threat actor. Which of the following would BEST support the analyst's review of the tactics, techniques, and protocols the threat actor was observed using in previous campaigns?

The MITRE ATT&CK framework

The SIEM at an organization has detected suspicious traffic coming from a workstation in its internal network. An analyst in the SOC investigates the workstation and discovers malware that is associated with a botnet is installed on the device. A review of the logs on the workstation reveals that the privileges of the local account were escalated to a local administrator. To which of the following groups should the analyst report this real-world event?

The NOC team

After a hardware incident, an unplanned emergency maintenance activity was conducted to rectify the issue. Multiple alerts were generated on the SIEM during this period of time. Which of the following BEST explains what happened?

The SIEM was unable to correlate the rules, triggering the alerts

An organization plans to transition the intrusion detection and prevention techniques on a critical subnet to an anomaly-based system. Which of the following does the organization need to determine for this to be successful?

The baseline

Which of the following would cause a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) the MOST concern regarding newly installed Internet-accessible 4K surveillance cameras?

The cameras could be compromised if not patched in a timely manner.

An organization has decided to host its web application and database in the cloud. Which of the following BEST describes the security concerns for this decision?

The cloud vendor is a new attack vector within the supply chain.

Under GDPR, which of the following is MOST responsible for the protection of privacy and website user rights?

The data owner

Which of the following BEST explains the difference between a data owner and a data custodian?

The data owner is responsible for determining how the data may be used, while the data custodian is responsible for implementing the protection to the data

Which of the following BEST explains the reason why a server administrator would place a document named password.txt on the desktop of an administrator account on a server?

The document is a honeyfile and is meant to attract the attention of a cyberintruder.

After a ransomware attack, a forensics company needs to review a cryptocurrency transaction between the victim and the attacker. Which of the following will the company MOST likely review to trace this transaction?

The event log

A forensics examiner is attempting to dump password cached in the physical memory of a live system but keeps receiving an error message. Which of the following BEST describes the cause of the error?

The examiner does not have administrative privileges to the system.

Which of the following should a technician consider when selecting an encryption method for data that needs to remain confidential for a specific length of time?

The key length of the encryption algorithm

A web server has been compromised due to a ransomware attack. Further investigation reveals the ransomware has been in the server for the past 72 hours. The systems administrator needs to get the services back up as soon as possible. Which of the following should the administrator use to restore services to a secure state?

The last known-good configuration

A privileged user at a company stole several proprietary documents from a server. The user also went into the log files and deleted all records of the incident. The systems administrator has just informed investigators that other log files are available for review. Which of the following did the administrator MOST likely configure that will assist the investigators?

The log retention policy

A company's bank has reported that multiple corporate credit cards have been stolen over the past several weeks. The bank has provided the names of the affected cardholders to the company's forensics team to assist in the cyber-incident investigation. An incident responder learns the following information: - The timeline of stolen card numbers corresponds closely with affected users making Internet-based purchases from diverse websites via enterprise desktop PCs. - All purchase connections were encrypted, and the company uses an SSL inspection proxy for the inspection of encrypted traffic of the hardwired network. - Purchases made with corporate cards over the corporate guest WiFi network, where no SSL inspection occurs, were unaffected. Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause?

The payment providers are insecurely processing credit card charges

A systems analyst is responsible for generating a new digital forensics chain-of-custody form. Which of the following should the analyst include in this documentation? (Choose two.)

The provenance of the artifacts/The date and time

A security auditor is reviewing vulnerability scan data provided by an internal security team. Which of the following BEST indicates that valid credentials were used?

The scan enumerated software versions of installed programs

A desktop support technician recently installed a new document-scanning software program on a computer. However, when the end user tried to launch the program, it did not respond. Which of the following is MOST likely the cause?

The software was not added to the application whitelist

A user's PC was recently infected by malware. The user has a legacy printer without vendor support, and the user's OS is fully patched. The user downloaded a driver package from the internet. No threats were found on the downloaded file, but during file installation, a malicious runtime threat was detected. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the infection?

The user's computer had a rootkit installed that had avoided detection until the new driver overwrote key files.

An auditor is performing an assessment of a security appliance with an embedded OS that was vulnerable during the last two assessments. Which of the following BEST explains the appliance's vulnerable state?

The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance.

After reading a security bulletin, a network security manager is concerned that a malicious actor may have breached the network using the same software flaw. The exploit code is publicly available and has been reported as being used against other industries in the same vertical. Which of the following should the network security manager consult FIRST to determine a priority list for forensic review?

The vulnerability scan output

An engineer is setting up a VDI environment for a factory location, and the business wants to deploy a low-cost solution to enable users on the shop floor to log in the VDI environment directly. Which of the following should the engineer select to meet these requirements?

Thin clients

A security analyst needs to find real-time data on the latest malware and IoCs. Which of the following BEST describes the solution the analyst should pursue?

Threat feeds

A security analyst is using a recently released security advisory to review historical logs, looking for the specific activity that was outlined in the advisory. Which of the following is the analyst doing?

Threat hunting

Which of the following is a reason why an organization would define an AUP?

To define the set of rules and behaviors for users of the organization's IT systems

Which of the following is the purpose of a risk register?

To identify the risk, the risk owner, and the risk measures

Which of the following is the BEST reason to maintain a functional and effective asset management policy that aids in ensuring the security of an organization?

To only allow approved, organization-owned devices onto the business network

Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for securing an air-gapped laboratory HVAC system?

To restrict remote access

A security analyst is concerned about traffic initiated to the dark web form the corporate LAN. Which of the following networks should the analyst monitor?

Tor

In which of the following risk management strategies would cybersecurity insurance be used?

Transference

When selecting a technical solution for identity management, an architect chooses to go from an in-house solution to a thirdparty SaaS provider. Which of the following risk management strategies is this an example o

Transference

A pharmaceutical sales representative logs on to a laptop and connects to the public WiFi to check emails and update reports. Which of the following would be BEST to prevent other devices on the network from directly accessing the laptop? (Choose two.)

Trusted Platform Module/A host-based firewall

After entering a username and password, an administrator must draw a gesture on a touch screen. Which of the following demonstrates what the administrator is providing?

Two-factor authentication

An attacker is attempting to exploit users by creating a fake website with the URL www.validwebsite.com. The attacker's intent is to imitate the look and feel of a legitimate website to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users. Which of the following socialengineering attacks does this describe?

Typo squatting

A systems administrator is looking for a solution that will help prevent OAuth applications from being leveraged by hackers to trick users into authorizing the use of their corporate credentials. Which of the following BEST describes this solution?

UEM

A recent security assessment revealed that an actor exploited a vulnerable workstation within an organization and has persisted on the network for several months. The organization realizes the need to reassess its security strategy for mitigating risks within the perimeter. Which of the following solutions would BEST support the organization's strategy?

UTM

A security assessment found that several embedded systems are running unsecure protocols. These systems were purchased two years ago, and the company that developed them is no longer in business. Which of the following constraints BEST describes the reason the findings cannot be remediated?

Unavailable patch

The website http://companywebsite.com requires users to provide personal information, including security question responses, for registration. Which of the following would MOST likely cause a data breach?

Unsecure protocol

A company is required to continue using legacy software to support a critical service. Which of the following BEST explains a risk of this practice?

Unsecure protocols

Which of the following are the MOST likely vectors for the unauthorized or unintentional inclusion of vulnerable code in a software company's final software releases? (Choose two.)

Unsecure protocols/Weak passwords

An analyst just discovered an ongoing attack on a host that is on the network. The analyst observes the below taking place: - The computer performance is slow. - Ads are appearing from various pop-up windows. - Operating system files are modified. ExamPracticeTests.com - The computer is receiving AV alerts for execution of malicious processes. Which of the following steps should the analyst consider FIRST?

Update the AV solution on the host to stop the attack

The SOC is reviewing processes and procedures after a recent incident. The review indicates it took more than 30 minutes to determine that quarantining an infected host was the best course of action. This allowed the malware to spread to additional hosts before it was contained. Which of the following would be BEST to improve the incident response process?

Updating the playbooks with better decision points

A cybersecurity department purchased a new PAM solution. The team is planning to randomize the service account credentials of the Windows servers first. Which of the following would be the BEST method to increase the security on the Linux servers?

Use SSH keys and remove generic passwords.

A cybersecurity administrator needs to allow mobile BYOD devices to access network resources. As the devices are not enrolled to the domain and do not have policies applied to them, which of the following are best practices for authentication and infrastructure security? (Choose two.)

Use a captive portal for user authentication/Use a new and updated RADIUS server to maintain the best solution.

A website developer who is concerned about theft of the company's user database wants to protect weak passwords from offline brute-force attacks. Which of the following would be the BEST solution?

Use a key-stretching technique.

A recent audit cited a risk involving numerous low-criticality vulnerabilities created by a web application using a third-party library. The development staff state there are still customers using the application even though it is end of life and it would be a substantial burden to update the application for compatibility with more secure libraries. Which of the following would be the MOST prudent course of action?

Use containerization to segment the application from other applications to eliminate the risk.

An organization regularly scans its infrastructure for missing security patches but is concerned about hackers gaining access to the scanner's account. Which of the following would be BEST to minimize this risk while ensuring the scans are useful?

Use non-credentialed scans against high-risk servers.

DDoS attacks are causing an overload on the cluster of cloud servers. A security architect is researching alternatives to make the cloud environment respond to load fluctuation in a cost-effective way. Which of the following options BEST fulfills the architect's requirements?

Use of multipath by adding more connections to cloud storage

A software company is analyzing a process that detects software vulnerabilities at the earliest stage possible. The goal is to scan the source looking for unsecure practices and weaknesses before the application is deployed in a runtime environment. Which of the following would BEST assist the company with this objective?

Use static code analysis.

A security analyst is working on a project to implement a solution that monitors network communications and provides alerts when abnormal behavior is detected. Which of the following is the security analyst MOST likely implementing?

User behavior analysis

During an investigation, the incident response team discovers that multiple administrator accounts were suspected of being compromised. The host audit logs indicate a repeated brute-force attack on a single administrator account followed by suspicious logins from unfamiliar geographic locations. Which of the following data sources would be BEST to use to assess the accounts impacted by this attack?

User behavior analytics

A tax organization is working on a solution to validate the online submission of documents. The solution should be carried on a portable USB device that should be inserted on any computer that is transmitting a transaction securely. Which of the following is the BEST certificate for these requirements?

User certificate

An organization relies on third-party video conferencing to conduct daily business. Recent security changes now require all remote workers to utilize a VPN to corporate resources. Which of the following would BEST maintain high-quality video conferencing while minimizing latency when connected to the VPN?

Utilizing split tunneling so only traffic for corporate resources is encrypted

Users have been issued smart cards that provide physical access to a building. The cards also contain tokens that can be used to access information systems. Users can log in to any thin client located throughout the building and see the same desktop each time. Which of the following technologies are being utilized to provide these capabilities? (Choose two.)

VDI/RFID

Which of the following describes the ability of code to target a hypervisor from inside a guest OS?

VM escape

On which of the following is the live acquisition of data for forensic analysis MOST dependent? (Choose two.)

Value and volatility of data/Right-to-audit clauses

A software developer needs to perform code-execution testing, black-box testing, and non-functional testing on a new product before its general release. Which of the following BEST describes the tasks the developer is conducting?

Verification

A security manager runs Nessus scans of the network after every maintenance window. Which of the following is the security manager MOST likely trying to accomplish?

Verifying that system patching has effectively removed known vulnerabilities

A bad actor tries to persuade someone to provide financial information over the phone in order to gain access to funds. Which of the following types of attacks does this scenario describe?

Vishing

A company uses wireless for all laptops and keeps a very detailed record of its assets, along with a comprehensive list of devices that are authorized to be on the wireless network. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) is concerned about a script kiddie potentially using an unauthorized device to brute force the wireless PSK and obtain access to the internal network. Which of the following should the company implement to BEST prevent this from occurring?

WPA-EAP

A security analyst has been tasked with creating a new WiFi network for the company. The requirements received by the analyst are as follows: -Must be able to differentiate between users connected to WiFi -The encryption keys need to change routinely without interrupting the users or forcing reauthentication -Must be able to integrate with RADIUS -Must not have any open SSIDs Which of the following options BEST accommodates these requirements?

WPA2-Enterprise

An attack relies on an end user visiting a website the end user would typically visit; however, the site is compromised and uses vulnerabilities in the end user's browser to deploy malicious software. Which of the following types of attacks does this describe?

Watering hole

Company engineers regularly participate in a public Internet forum with other engineers throughout the industry. Which of the following tactics would an attacker MOST likely use in this scenario?

Watering-hole attack

A security assessment determines DES and 3DES are still being used on recently deployed production servers. Which of the following did the assessment identify?

Weak encryption

Which of the following will MOST likely adversely impact the operations of unpatched traditional programmable-logic controllers, running a back-end LAMP server and OT systems with human-management interfaces that are accessible over the Internet via a web interface? (Choose two.)

Weak encryption/Server-side request forgery

The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of an insurance company received an email from Ann, the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO), requesting a transfer of $10,000 to an account. The email states Ann is on vacation and has lost her purse, containing cash and credit cards. Which of the following social-engineering techniques is the attacker using?

Whaling

Which of the following BEST describes a social engineering attack that relies on an executive at a small business visiting a fake banking website where credit card and account details are harvested?

Whaling

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has been given all the developer's documentation about the internal architecture. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that will occur?

White-box

A company wants to deploy PKI on its Internet-facing website. The applications that are currently deployed are: - www.company.com(main website) - contactus.company.com(for locating a nearby location) - quotes.company.com (for requesting a price quote) The company wants to purchase one SSL certificate that will work for all the existing applications and any future applications that follow the same naming conventions, such as store.company.com. Which of the following certificate types would BEST meet the requirements?

Wildcard

A security analyst generated a file named host1.pcap and shared it with a team member who is going to use it for further incident analysis. Which of the following tools will the other team member MOST likely use to open this file?

Wireshark

An organization has hired a security analyst to perform a penetration test. The analyst captures 1Gb worth of inbound network traffic to the server and transfers the pcap back to the machine for analysis. Which of the following tools should the analyst use to further review the pcap?

Wireshark

A help desk technician receives a phone call from someone claiming to be a part of the organization's cybersecurity incident response team. The caller asks the technician to verify the network's internal firewall IP Address. Which of the following is the technician's BEST course of action?

Write down the phone number of the caller if possible, the name of the person requesting the information, hang up, and notify the organization's cybersecurity officer

A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company's website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be: Click here to unsubscribe Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred?

XSRF

An analyst visits an Internet forum looking for information about a tool. The analyst finds a thread that appears to contain relevant information. One of the posts says the following: Which of the following BEST describes the attack that was attempted against the forum readers?

XSS attack

Which of the following BEST describes a security exploit for which a vendor patch is not readily available?

Zero-day

An organization has decided to purchase an insurance policy because a risk assessment determined that the cost to remediate the risk is greater than the five-year cost of the insurance policy. The organization is enabling risk:

acceptance

The spread of misinformation surrounding the outbreak of a novel virus on election day led to eligible voters choosing not to take the risk of going the polls. This is an example of:

an influence campaign.

A commercial cyber-threat intelligence organization observes IoCs across a variety of unrelated customers. Prior to releasing specific threat intelligence to other paid subscribers, the organization is MOST likely obligated by contracts to:

anonymize any PII that is observed within the IoC data.

A security analyst wants to fingerprint a web server. Which of the following tools will the security analyst MOST likely use to accomplish this task?

curl --head http://192.168.0.10

The manager who is responsible for a data set has asked a security engineer to apply encryption to the data on a hard disk. The security engineer is an example of a:

data processor

A security administrator suspects an employee has been emailing proprietary information to a competitor. Company policy requires the administrator to capture an exact copy of the employee's hard disk. Which of the following should the administrator use?

dd

An organization that is located in a flood zone is MOST likely to document the concerns associated with the restoration of IT operations in a:

disaster recovery plan.

The concept of connecting a user account across the systems of multiple enterprises is BEST known as:

federation

A cybersecurity analyst reviews the log files from a web server and sees a series of files that indicate a directory-traversal attack has occurred. Which of the following is the analyst MOST likely seeing?

http://sample.url.com/someotherpageonsite/../../../etc/shadow

A public relations team will be taking a group of guests on a tour through the facility of a large e-commerce company. The day before the tour, the company sends out an email to employees to ensure all whiteboards are cleaned and all desks are cleared. The company is MOST likely trying to protect against:

loss of proprietary information.

A security analyst is investigating a vulnerability in which a default file permission was set incorrectly. The company uses noncredentialed scanning for vulnerability management. Which of the following tools can the analyst use to verify the permissions?

ls

A systems administrator is troubleshooting a server's connection to an internal web server. The administrator needs to determine the correct ports to use. Which of the following tools BEST shows which ports on the web server are in a listening state?

netstat

An organization is concerned that its hosted web servers are not running the most updated version of the software. Which of the following would work BEST to help identify potential vulnerabilities?

nmap comptia.org -p 80 -sV

After gaining access to a dual-homed (i.e., wired and wireless) multifunction device by exploiting a vulnerability in the device's firmware, a penetration tester then gains shell access on another networked asset. This technique is an example of:

pivoting.

A vulnerability assessment report will include the CVSS score of the discovered vulnerabilities because the score allows the organization to better:

prioritize remediation of vulnerabilities based on the possible impact.

A symmetric encryption algorithm is BEST suited for:

protecting large amounts of data

The process of passively gathering information prior to launching a cyberattack is called:

reconnaissance.

A network manager is concerned that business may be negatively impacted if the firewall in its datacenter goes offline. The manager would like to implement a high availability pair to:

remove the single point of failure

During a security assessment, a security analyst finds a file with overly permissive permissions. Which of the following tools will allow the analyst to reduce the permissions for the existing users and groups and remove the set-user-ID bit from the file?

setuid

A security analyst wants to verify that a client-server (non-web) application is sending encrypted traffic. Which of the following should the analyst use?

tcpdump

A security analyst is performing a packet capture on a series of SOAP HTTP requests for a security assessment. The analyst redirects the output to a file. After the capture is complete, the analyst needs to review the first transactions quickly and then search the entire series of requests for a particular string. Which of the following would be BIEST to use to accomplish this task? (Choose two.)

tcpdump/tail

Digital signatures use asymmetric encryption. This means the message is encrypted with:

the sender's public key and decrypted with the recipient's private key.

A Chief Information Officer receives an email stating a database will be encrypted within 24 hours unless a payment of $20,000 is credited to the account mentioned in the email. This BEST describes a scenario related to:

whaling.

A new vulnerability in the SMB protocol on the Windows systems was recently discovered, but no patches are currently available to resolve the issue. The security administrator is concerned that servers in the company's DMZ will be vulnerable to external attack; however, the administrator cannot disable the service on the servers, as SMB is used by a number of internal systems and applications on the LAN. Which of the following TCP ports should be blocked for all external inbound connections to the DMZ as a workaround to protect the servers? (Choose two.)

139/445

An analyst is generating a security report for the management team. Security guidelines recommend disabling all listening unencrypted services. Given this output from Nmap: 21/tcp filtered; 22/tcp open; 23/tcp open; 443/tcp open Which of the following should the analyst recommend to disable?

23/tcp

A cybersecurity administrator needs to add disk redundancy for a critical server. The solution must have a two-drive failure for better fault tolerance. Which of the following RAID levels should the administrator select?

6

A network administrator is setting up wireless access points in all the conference rooms and wants to authenticate devices using PKI. Which of the following should the administrator configure?

802.1X

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned that cloud based services are not adequately protected from advanced threats and malware. The CSO believes there is a high risk that a data breach could occur in the near future due to the lack of detective and preventive controls. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST address the CSO's concerns? (Choose two.)

A CASB/An NG-SWG

A large financial services firm recently released information regarding a security breach within its corporate network that began several years before. During the time frame in which the breach occurred, indicators show an attacker gained administrative access to the network through a file downloaded from a social media site and subsequently installed it without the user's knowledge. Since the compromise, the attacker was able to take command and control the computer systems anonymously while obtaining sensitive corporate and personal employee information. Which of the following methods did the attacker MOST likely use to gain access?

A RAT

While checking logs, a security engineer notices a number of end users suddenly downloading files with the .tar.gz extension. Closer examination of the files reveals they are PE32 files. The end users state they did not initiate any of the downloads. Further investigation reveals the end users all clicked on an external email containing an infected MHT file with an href link a week prior. Which of the following is MOST likely occurring?

A RAT was installed and is transferring additional exploit tools

A security manager needs to assess the security posture of one of the organization's vendors. The contract with the vendor does not allow for auditing of the vendor's security controls. Which of the following should the manager request to complete the assessment?

A SOC 2 Type 2 report

While reviewing pcap data, a network security analyst is able to locate plaintext usernames and passwords being sent from workstations to network switches. Which of the following is the security analyst MOST likely observing?

A Telnet session

A company recently experienced a data breach and the source was determined to be an executive who was charging a phone in a public area. Which of the following would MOST likely have prevented this breach?

A USB data blocker

After segmenting the network, the network manager wants to control the traffic between the segments. Which of the following should the manager use to control the network traffic?

A VLAN

A global pandemic is forcing a private organization to close some business units and reduce staffing at others. Which of the following would be BEST to help the organization's executives determine their next course of action?

A business continuity plan

A company's Chief Information Officer (CIO) is meeting with the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) to plan some activities to enhance the skill levels of the company's developers. Which of the following would be MOST suitable for training the developers?

A capture-the-flag competition

An information security policy states that separation of duties is required for all highly sensitive database changes that involve customers' financial data. Which of the following will this be BEST to prevent?

A change control violation

A company is designing the layout of a new datacenter so it will have an optimal environmental temperature. Which of the following must be included? (Choose two.)

A cold aisle/An IoT thermostat

A security researcher has called an organization that its sensitive user data was found for sale on a website. Which of the following should the organization use to inform the affected parties?

A communications plan

In which of the following situations would it be BEST to use a detective control type for mitigation?

A company purchased an IPS system, but after reviewing the requirements, the appliance was supposed to monitor, not block, any traffic.

A security engineer is installing a WAF to protect the company's website from malicious web requests over SSL. Which of the following is needed to meet the objective?

A decryption certificate

A security analyst is reviewing logs on a server and observes the following output: 01/01/2020 03:33:23 admin attempted login with password sneak 01/01/2020 03:33:32 admin attempted login with password sneaked 01/01/2020 03:33:41 admin attempted login with password sneaker 01/01/2020 03:33:50 admin attempted login with password sneer 01/01/2020 03:33:59 admin attempted login with password sneeze 01/01/2020 03:34:08 admin attempted login with password sneezy Which of the following is the security analyst observing?

A dictionary attack

Which of the following would BEST provide detective and corrective controls for thermal regulation?

A fire suppression system

A security researcher is attempting to gather data on the widespread use of a zero-day exploit. Which of the following will the researcher MOST likely use to capture this data?

A honeypot

A security engineer needs to build a solution to satisfy regulatory requirements that state certain critical servers must be accessed using MFA. However, the critical servers are older and are unable to support the addition of MFA. Which of the following will the engineer MOST likely use to achieve this objective?

A jump server

All security analysis' workstations at a company have network access to a critical server VLAN. The information security manager wants to further enhance the controls by requiring that all access to the secure VLAN be authorized only from a given single location. Which of the following will the information security manager MOST likely implement?

A jump server

A company recently moved sensitive videos between on-premises, company-owned websites. The company then learned the videos had been uploaded and shared to the Internet. Which of the following would MOST likely allow the company to find the cause?

A right-to-audit clause

Which of the following terms should be included in a contract to help a company monitor the ongoing security maturity of a new vendor?

A right-to-audit clause allowing for annual security audits

Which of the following is MOST likely to contain ranked and ordered information on the likelihood and potential impact of catastrophic events that may affect business processes and systems, while also highlighting the residual risks that need to be managed after mitigating controls have been implemented?

A risk register

A security engineer needs to create a network segment that can be used for servers that require connections form untrusted networks. Which of the following should the engineer implement?

A screened subnet

Which of the following scenarios BEST describes a risk reduction technique?

A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company implements a policy to train users on a more secure method of operation.

A systems administrator needs to install the same X.509 certificate on multiple servers. Which of the following should the administrator use?

A self-signed certificate

A security analyst receives a SIEM alert that someone logged in to the appadmin test account, which is only used for the early detection of attacks. The security analyst then reviews the following application log: Which of the following can the security analyst conclude?

A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application.

An attacker is trying to gain access by installing malware on a website that is known to be visited by the target victims. Which of the following is the attacker MOST likely attempting?

A watering-hole attack

A retail company that is launching a new website to showcase the company's product line and other information for online shoppers registered the following URLs: www.companysite.com shop.companysite.com about-us.companysite.com contact-us.companysite.com secure-logon.companysite.com Which of the following should the company use to secure its website if the company is concerned with convenience and cost?

A wildcard certificate

Several employees return to work the day after attending an industry trade show. That same day, the security manager notices several malware alerts coming from each of the employee's workstations. The security manager investigates but finds no signs of an attack on the perimeter firewall or the NIDS. Which of the following is MOST likely causing the malware alerts?

A worm that has propagated itself across the intranet, which was initiated by presentation media

A security analyst receives the configuration of a current VPN profile and notices the authentication is only applied to the IP datagram portion of the packet. Which of the following should the analyst implement to authenticate the entire packet?

AH

A network analyst is investigating compromised corporate information. The analysis leads to a theory that network traffic was intercepted before being transmitted to the internet. The following output was captured on an internal host: Based on the IoCs, which of the following was the MOST likely attack used to compromise the network communication?

ARP poisoning

A security analyst has received several reports of an issue on an internal web application. Users state they are having to provide their credentials twice to log in. The analyst checks with the application team and notes this is not an expected behavior. After looking at several logs, the analyst decides to run some commands on the gateway and obtains the following output: Internet address Physical address Type 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.5 192.168.1.8 192.168.1.10 224.215.54.47 ff-ec-ab-00-aa-78 ff-00-5e-48-00-fb 00-0c-29-la-e7-fa fc-41-5e-48-00-ff fc-00-5e-48-00-fb dynamic dynamic dynamic dynamic Static Which of the following BEST describes the attack the company is experiencing?

ARP poisoning

A security analyst is investigating an incident that was first reported as an issue connecting to network shares and the Internet. While reviewing logs and tool output, the analyst sees the following: Which of the following attacks has occurred?

ARP poisoning

During an incident, an EDR system detects an increase in the number of encrypted outbound connections from multiple hosts. A firewall is also reporting an increase in outbound connections that use random high ports. An analyst plans to review the correlated logs to find the source of the incident. Which of the following tools will BEST assist the analyst?

ASIEM

A company has been experiencing very brief power outages from its utility company over the last few months. These outages only last for one second each time. The utility company is aware of the issue and is working to replace a faulty transformer. Which of the following BEST describes what the company should purchase to ensure its critical servers and network devices stay online?

AUPS

Entering a secure area requires passing through two doors, both of which require someone who is already inside to initiate access. Which of the following types of physical security controls does this describe?

Access control vestibule

An organization is concerned about hackers potentially entering a facility and plugging in a remotely accessible Kali Linux box. Which of the following should be the first lines of defense against such an attack? (Choose two.)

Access control vestibules/Guards

The following are the logs of a successful attack: [DATA) attacking service ftp on port 21 [ATTEMPT) 09:00 :0lUTC target 192.168.50.1 - login "admin" -pass "p@55w0rd" [ATTEMPT) 09:00 :0lUTC target 192.168.50.1 - login "admin" -pass "AcCe55" [ATTEMPT) 09:00 :0lUTC target 192.168.50.1 - login "admin" -pass "All0w!" [ATTEMPT] 09:00 :0lUTC target 192.168.50.1 - login "admin" -pass " FTPL0gin!" [ATTEMPT] 09:00 :0lUTC target 192.168.50.1 - login "admin" - pass " L3tM31N! " [21) (ftp] host: 192.168.50.1 login:admin password:L3tM31N! 1 of 1 target successfully completed, 1 valid password found in <1 second Which of the following controls would be BEST to use to prevent such a breach in the future?

Account lockout

A company is upgrading its wireless infrastructure to WPA2-Enterprise using EAP-TLS. Which of the following must be part of the security architecture to achieve AAA? (Choose two.)

Active Directory/RADIUS

A network engineer at a company with a web server is building a new web environment with the following requirements: • Only one web server at a time can service requests. • If the primary web server fails, a failover needs to occur to ensure the secondary web server becomes the primary. Which of the following load-balancing options BEST fits the requirements?

Active-passive

A database administrator wants to grant access to an application that will be reading and writing data to a database. The database is shared by other applications also used by the finance department. Which of the following account types is MOST appropriate for this purpose?

Admin

Which of the following describes the continuous delivery software development methodology?

Agile

Which of the following should a data owner require all personnel to sign to legally protect intellectual property?

An NDA

An organization needs to implement more stringent controls over administrator/root credentials and service accounts. Requirements for the project include: - Check-in/checkout of credentials - The ability to use but not know the password - Automated password changes - Logging of access to credentials Which of the following solutions would meet the requirements?

An OpenID Connect authentication system

Which of the following would be BEST to establish between organizations to define the responsibilities of each party, outline the key deliverables, and include monetary penalties for breaches to manage third-party risk?

An SLA

A user recently entered a username and password into a recruiting application website that had been forged to look like the legitimate site. Upon investigation, a security analyst identifies the following: The legitimate website's IP address is 10.1.1.20 and eRecruit.local resolves to this IP. The forged website's IP address appears to be 10.2.12.99, based on NetFlow records. All three of the organization's DNS servers show the website correctly resolves to the legitimate IP. DNS query logs show one of the three DNS servers returned a result of 10.2.12.99 (cached) at the approximate time of the suspected compromise. Which of the following MOST likely occurred?

An SSL strip MITM attack was performed.

An organization just experienced a major cyberattack incident. The attack was well coordinated, sophisticated, and highly skilled. Which of the following targeted the organization?

An advanced persistent threat

A manufacturer creates designs for very high security products that are required to be protected and controlled by the government regulations. These designs are not accessible by corporate networks or the Internet. Which of the following is the BEST solution to protect these designs?

An air gap

Which of the following is a detective and deterrent control against physical intrusions?

An alarm

Ann, a customer, received a notification from her mortgage company stating her PII may be shared with partners, affiliates, and associates to maintain day-to-day business operations. Which of the following documents did Ann receive?

An annual privacy notice

A network engineer is troubleshooting wireless network connectivity issues that were reported by users. The issues are occurring only in the section of the building that is closest to the parking lot. Users are intermittently experiencing slow speeds when accessing websites and are unable to connect to network drives. The issues appear to increase when laptop users return to their desks after using their devices in other areas of the building. There have also been reports of users being required to enter their credentials on web pages in order to gain access to them. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack.