Seeley's Anatomy & Physiology Ch 9 & 10

*82) Which of the following muscles are named based on their shape? (Check all that apply.) A) Deltoid B) Orbicularis oris C) Pectoralis major D) Superior rectus E) Teres major

A) Deltoid B) Orbicularis oris E) Teres major

*9) Which type of muscle tissue has neuromuscular junctions? A) Skeletal muscle B) Smooth muscle C) Cardiac muscle

A) Skeletal muscle

54) Which of the following muscles moves the scapula? A) Trapezius B) Biceps brachii C) Latissimus dorsi D) Pectoralis major E) Triceps brachii

A) Trapezius

*2) Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in that they both A) are under involuntary control. B) are striated. C) are widely distributed in the body. D) have multiple nuclei. E) are under voluntary control.

A) are under involuntary control.

68) The biceps femoris is part of the ________. A) hamstring muscles B) quadriceps group C) anterior thigh compartment D) medial thigh compartment E) thigh and hip adductors

A) hamstring muscles

*59) Raising your arm to shoulder level is accomplished almost entirely by the ________. A) pectoralis major B) biceps brachii C) trapezius D) deltoid E) triceps brachii

D) deltoid

17) Troponin A) has two subunits. B) is part of the myosin myofilament. C) is a long, flexible protein. D) has a calcium-binding site. E) binds to ATP.

D) has a calcium-binding site

81) Muscle A?

Deltoid= A

44) A lack of mitochondria within skeletal muscle fibers would impair which ATP-yielding chemical process? A) Anaerobic respiration B) Aerobic respiration C) Both anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration are correct.

B) Aerobic respiration

70) Which of the following muscles would be considered an antagonist to the rectus femoris? A) Sartorius B) Biceps femoris C) Vastus intermedius D) Gracilis E) Vastus lateralis

B) Biceps femoris

*84) The lateral leg muscles have which actions on the foot? (Check all that apply.) A) Dorsiflexion B) Eversion C) Inversion D) Plantar flexion

B) Eversion D) Plantar flexion

77) Which muscle abducts and flexes the thigh? A) Quadriceps femoris B) Sartorius C) Biceps femoris D) Tensor fasciae latae E) Gracilis

B) Sartorius

*7) Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells? A) Skeletal muscle B) Smooth muscle C) Cardiac muscle D) Both skeletal and cardiac muscle are correct. E) Both cardiac and smooth muscle are correct.

B) Smooth muscle

81) Muscle E?

Biceps Brachialis=E

*15) Which of the following is true about skeletal muscle? A) Sensory neurons stimulate muscles to contract. B) There are very few blood vessels in skeletal muscle. C) Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve. D) There are very few nerve fibers in a muscle. E) All of the choices are true.

C) Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve

*83) The lateral and posterior neck muscles are involved in which types of head movements? (Check all that apply.) A) Abduction B) Adduction C) Extension D) Lateral flexion E) Rotation

C) Extension D) Lateral flexion E) Rotation

*57) Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff? A) Deltoid B) Teres major C) Infraspinatus D) Coracobrachialis E) Trapezius

C) Infraspinatus

61) Which of the following muscles extends the forearm and has its insertion on the ulna? A) Deltoid B) Biceps brachii C) Triceps brachii D) Brachialis E) Coracobrachialis

C) Triceps brachii

67) Which of the following is a part of the quadriceps femoris muscle group? A) Pectineus B) Sartorius C) Vastus lateralis D) Tensor fasciae latae E) Iliotibial tract

C) Vastus lateralis

40) An isometric contraction is described as A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. C) a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant. D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. E) a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

C) a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.

**27) Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain A) calcium. B) ATP. C) acetylcholine. D) acetylcholinesterase. E) sodium.

C) acetylcholine

*16) Muscle myofibrils A) are found in the sarcolemma. B) extend from the sarcolemma to the T-tubule. C) contain myosin and actin myofilaments. D) hold muscle fibers together. E) do not appear striated.

C) contain myosin and actin myofilaments

*64) The largest buttocks muscle is the ________. A) iliopsoas B) psoas major C) gluteus maximus D) tensor fascia latae E) piriformis

C) gluteus maximus

43) A by-product of anaerobic respiration in muscle fibers is A) uric acid. B) hydrochloric acid. C) lactate. D) oxygen. E) pyruvate.

C) lactate

*63) Flexion of the hip is a movement produced by the ________. A) gluteus medius and gluteus maximus B) gluteus maximus and vastus lateralis C) psoas major and iliacus D) sartorius and rectus femoris E) piriformis and quadratus femoris

C) psoas major and iliacus

66) When an intramuscular injection is given in the anterior aspect of the thigh, the injection is in the ________. A) soleus B) gastrocnemius C) rectus femoris D) gluteus minimus E) biceps femoris

C) rectus femoris

21) The model that describes the contraction of the muscle is called the A) contraction cycle. B) power stroke. C) sliding filament model. D) slipping fibril mechanism. E) paddle model.

C) sliding filament model

*20) A sarcomere is the A) plasma membrane of a muscle fiber. B) cytoplasm of a muscle fiber. C) structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle fiber. D) contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. E) protein strand composed of actin or myosin.

C) structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle fiber.

71) Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one is NOT part of the quadriceps group? A) Biceps femoris B) Rectus femoris C) Vastus lateralis D) Vastus medialis E) Vastus intermedius

A) Biceps femoris

*73) Which of the following muscles is used when walking on your tiptoes? A) Gastrocnemius B) Tibialis anterior C) Peroneus tertius D) Extensor digitorum longus E) Calcaneal tendón

A) Gastrocnemius

*51) Which of the following muscles is involved in chewing gum? A) Masseter B) Splenius capitus C) Orbicularis oris D) Zygomaticus major E) Orbicularis oculi

A) Masseter

55) Which of the following muscles of the chest has its insertion on the humerus? A) Pectoralis major B) Pectoralis minor C) Serratus anterior D) Subclavius E) Internal intercostals

A) Pectoralis major

*76) Which of the following is a group of four muscles in the anterior thigh? A) Quadriceps femoris B) Sartorius C) Biceps femoris D) Tensor fasciae latae E) Gracilis

A) Quadriceps femoris

78) Which muscle everts and plantar flexes the foot? A) Tibialis anterior B) Soleus C) Extensor digitorum longus D) Extensor hallicus longus E) Fibularis brevis

A) Tibialis anterior

*3) The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as A) contractility. B) excitability. C) extensibility. D) elasticity. E) flexibility.

A) contractility

8) Which type of muscle tissue possesses striations? A) Skeletal muscle B) Smooth muscle C) Cardiac muscle D) Both skeletal and cardiac muscle are correct. E) Both cardiac and smooth muscle are correct.

D) Both skeletal and cardiac muscle are correct.

*1) Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle? A) Body movement B) Maintenance of posture C) Respiration D) Constriction of organs E) Production of heat

D) Constriction of organs

*79) Which muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot? A) Tibialis anterior B) Soleus C) Extensor digitorum longus D) Extensor hallucis longus E) Fibularis brevis

D) Extensor hallucis longus

52) Which back muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column? A) Erector spinae B) Longissimus capitis C) Interspinales D) Multifidus E) Psoas minor

D) Multifidus

23) Which of the following is true during the resting membrane potential? A) Sodium ion concentration is greater inside cells. B) Negatively charged proteins are more concentrated outside the cell. C) A greater concentration of calcium ions is found inside the cell. D) Potassium is concentrated primarily inside the cell. E) None of these choices reflect what occurs during the resting membrane potential.

D) Potassium is concentrated primarily inside the cell

*60) If a man exercises by doing push-ups every day, he would strengthen or enlarge which of the following muscles? A) Supraspinatus B) Gastrocnemius C) Thenar muscles D) Triceps brachii E) Biceps brachii

D) Triceps brachii

*32) Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction? A) Tetanus B) Tone C) Treppe D) Twitch E) Paralysis

D) Twitch

41) A concentric contraction is described as A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. C) a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. E) a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens

*58) The rotator cuff muscles A) fix the scapula in place. B) attach the arm to the thorax. C) attach the clavicle to the humerus. D) hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula. E) attach at the distal end of the humerus.

D) hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula

37) Complete tetanus A) is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again. B) results in complete and incomplete tetanus. C) is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. D) is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. E) is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

D) is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations

56) The arm is attached to the thorax by the ________. A) pectoralis major and teres major B) supraspinatus and latissimus dorsi C) pectoralis minor and pectoralis major D) latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major E) biceps brachii and triceps brachii

D) latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major

*4) Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle A) shortens its length. B) recoils to its original resting length. C) stretches beyond its normal length. D) responds to stimulation by the nervous system. E) excites itself.

D) responds to stimulation by the nervous system

25) Depolarization of the plasma membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of A) potassium ions. B) chloride ions. C) calcium ions. D) sodium ions. E) amino acids.

D) sodium ions

35) Treppe A) can contribute to improved muscle efficiency. B) may be due to an increase in the level of Ca2+ around the myofibril. C) is an example of a graded response. D) is achieved during warm-up exercises. E) All of these choices are correct.

E) All of these choices are correct.

45) Aerobic exercise A) increases vascularity of muscle. B) develops fatigue-resistant fast-twitch fibers. C) can increase the efficiency of slow-twitch fibers. D) can increase the number of mitochondria in muscle fibers. E) All of these choices are correct.

E) All of these choices are correct.

*74) Which of the following is inserted on the calcaneus by the Achilles tendon? A) Tibialis posterior B) Peroneus longus C) Peroneus brevis D) Extensor digitorum longus E) Gastrocnemius

E) Gastrocnemius

75) Which thigh muscle adducts the thigh and flexes the knee? A) Quadriceps femoris B) Sartorius C) Biceps femoris D) Tensor fasciae latae E) Gracilis

E) Gracilis

*50) A synergist is A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle. B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs. C) the muscle that does most of the movement. D) the stationary end of the muscle. E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

81) Muscle B?

Pectoralis Major=B

81) Muscle C?

Serratus Anterior=C

*18) The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the A) I band. B) A band. C) Z disk. D) H zone. E) M line.

B) A band

81) Muscle D?

Coracobrachialis=D

30) Acetylcholine is released from the presynaptic terminal by the process of A) exocytosis. B) diffusion. C) phagocytosis. D) active transport. E) endocytosis.

A) exocytosis

*34) Tetanus of a muscle is thought to be caused by A) high Ca2+ concentrations in the sarcoplasm. B) the rapid movement of Na+ back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C) an increase in stimulus strength. D) increased temperature in the active muscle. E) decreased amounts of Ca2+ in muscle tissue.

A) high Ca2+ concentrations in the sarcoplasm

22) The electrical properties of cells are the result of A) ion concentration differences across the plasma membrane. B) receptor sites that are present on the plasma membrane. C) phosphorylation reactions within the cytoplasm. D) phospholipids in the plasma membrane. E) None of these choices are correct.

A) ion concentration differences across the plasma membrane

**26) The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called A) neuromuscular junctions. B) sarcomeres. C) myofilaments. D) Z disks. E) cell bodies of neurons.

A) neuromuscular junctions.

*19) A sarcomere extends from A) one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk. B) one T tubule to the next T tubule. C) the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band. D) the H zone to the I band. E) the M line to the next M line.

A) one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk

*24) The outside of the resting plasma membrane is ________ relative to the inside of the resting plasma membrane. A) positively charged B) negatively charged C) electrically neutral D) recharged E) None of these choices are correct.

A) positively charged

6) Skeletal muscle fibers A) possess striations. B) can contract but are not extensible or excitable. C) do not require nerve innervation to contract. D) increase dramatically in number after birth.

A) possess striations

69) The muscle that is used to cross the legs is ________. A) sartorius B) gastrocnemius C) vastus lateralis D) gluteus maximus E) biceps femoris

A) sartorius

31) The sarcoplasmic reticulum A) stores Ca2+. B) shortens during muscle contraction. C) transmits nerve impulses to the myofibrils. D) connects adjacent sarcomeres. E) covers the muscle fiber.

A) stores Ca2+.

14) Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that A) surrounds each muscle fiber. B) forms a sheath around a fascicle. C) is composed of elastic fibers. D) separates individual muscles. E) penetrates muscle fibers.

A) surrounds each muscle fiber

13) Epimysium A) surrounds individual muscles. B) separates muscle fibers. C) connects muscles to bone. D) is a type of muscle tissue. E) is a type of nerve tissue.

A) surrounds individual muscles

33) A sustained muscle contraction is known as ________. A) tetanus B) tone C) treppe D) twitch E) paralysis

A) tetanus

*5) Which of the following statements about muscle tissue is true? A) Skeletal muscle is capable of spontaneous contraction. B) Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs. C) Cardiac muscle cells have multiple nuclei. D) Smooth muscle cells are long and cylindrical. E) There is a small amount of smooth muscle in the heart.

B) Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs.

*80) Which muscle plantar flexes the foot? A) Tibialis anterior B) Soleus C) Extensor digitorum longus D) Extensor hallicus longus E) Fibularis brevis

B) Soleus

*38) An isotonic contraction is described as A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. C) a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. E) a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction

29) Lack of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft would result in A) a decrease in acetylcholine production by the motor neuron. B) continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic membrane. C) rapid degradation of acetylcholine. D) relaxation of the muscle. E) continuous stimulation of the presynaptic membrane.

B) continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic membrane

*42) During resting conditions, ________ is synthesized to store energy. A) Ca2+ B) creatine phosphate C) creatinine D) lactate E) pyruvate

B) creatine phosphate

28) Acetylcholine binds to a membrane bound receptor and causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open and results in A) hyperpolarization. B) depolarization. C) hypoplarization. D) no change in membrane potential. E) There is not enough information to predict the outcome.

B) depolarization

*53) The major movement produced during quiet breathing is accomplished by the ________. A) scalenes B) diaphragm C) external intercostals D) internal intercostals E) transverses thoracis

B) diaphragm

*72) The bulge of the calf is caused by the ________ and ________ muscles. A) sartorius; piriformis B) gastrocnemius; soleus C) peroneus longus; plantaris D) extensor hallucis longus; flexor hallucis longus E) calcaneal; peroneal

B) gastrocnemius; soleus

*65) A common site on the lower limb for injections is the ________. A) biceps femoris B) gluteus medius C) vastus lateralis D) gluteus maximus E) psoas major

B) gluteus medius

*46) Betsy took a fall and broke her arm, which required that she wear a cast for a prolonged period of time. When she took the cast off, she was alarmed to see that her muscles A) looked the same as they did before the fall. B) had undergone atrophy. C) had undergone hypertrophy. D) seemed to have an increase in blood flow.

B) had undergone atrophy

*47) When a skeletal muscle contracts to cause a given movement, the more movable end of attachment of the muscle is called its ________. A) origin B) insertion C) antagonist D) synergist E) fixator

B) insertion

*12) A fascicle A) is a bundle of reticular fibers. B) is surrounded by perimysium. C) is only found in smooth muscle. D) possesses an external lamina. E) is a bundle of collagen fibers.

B) is surrounded by perimysium

11) Skeletal muscle develops from cells called A) fascicles. B) myoblasts. C) myofibrils. D) myotomes. E) fasciculi.

B) myoblasts

10) Hypertrophy of skeletal muscles from weightlifting is caused by an increase in the A) number of muscle fibers. B) size of muscle fibers. C) number of striations. D) number of nuclei within the muscle fibers. E) number of muscle cells.

B) size of muscle fibers

*48) When you "pull your tummy in" and compress your abdomen, you use the rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. This is an example of muscles working as ________. A) fixators B) synergists C) antagonists D) prime movers E) cooperatives

B) synergists

*49) The insertion is A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle. B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs. C) the muscle that does most of the movement. D) the stationary end of the muscle. E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs

*62) The thenar muscles are involved in controlling the ________; the hypothenar muscles control the ________. A) index finger; little finger B) thumb; little finger C) ring finger; thumb D) thumb; index finger E) index finger; thumb

B) thumb; little finger

39) An eccentric contraction is described as A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. C) a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. E) a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

E) a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing

*36) Muscle tone A) is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. B) results in complete and incomplete tetanus. C) is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. D) is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. E) is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

E) is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time