Semester 1 American Lit
reaction to Hawthorne's feeling of innate sin?
Changed last name from hathorne to Hawthorne
Theodore Beza
a Calvin successor, good works=election
The Fall of the House of Usher
Poe
The Masque of the Red Death
Poe
Renaissance
"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
Predestination
The teaching that God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will and purpose, not on their merit or works.
McCarthyism
The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee.
Sale of Indulgences
This was the way that many people were granted salvation. This was a common method of the church to gain power and money
Seperatists
Those who separate from the Anglican Church of England and the Crown because of a belief that the Church is beyond salvation. Many become migrants to continental Europe or the New World, and sometimes both.
Five Points of Calvinism
Total Depravity Unconditional Election Limited Atonement Irresistible Grace Perseverance of the Saints
Orthodoxy
authorized or generally accepted theory, doctrine, or practice
Hawthorne's shame of ancestors
felt he had innate sin of what his ancestors did in the Salem Witch Trials
God's hand
god is literally involved in every aspect of daily life and everything happens for god's reason
Puritans on predestination
rich in elect, poor are not, look for election
Human Natural good corrupted by
social institutions
Speech in the Virginia Convention
speech by Patrick Henry urging colonists to revolt against England
what two things could the public not differentiate when told house of usher
the actual house or the family
Declaration of Independence
the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain
what does the fissure represent
the family and it's direct line of desent
usury
the practice of lending money at exorbitant rates
ambivalence
the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes
Criticism of the Enlightenment
too much reason
slave trade
what devil and Tom walker was depicting
Names for colony in America
City upon a hill, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Jeruslam
Imagery
Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
"Give me liberty or give me death"
From speech by Patrick Henry urging American colonies to revolt against England.
The Crisis, Thomas Paine
Identify the work and author: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman."
Elements of Romanticism
Innate goodness of humankind Individualism Reverence for Nature Philosophical Idealism Religious Mysticism Revolt against political authority Cultivation of emotion Attention to supernatural
95 Theses
It was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg, Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being the catalyst that started the Protestant Reformation. It contained Luther's list of accusations against the Roman Catholic Church.
blank slate
John Locke
Non-Separatists
Nonseparatist Puritans agreed with Separatists on the necessity of restricting church membership to proven saints. However, they did not condemn the Church of England. They contended that true Christians could and did remain in the Church of England in spite of its unscriptural practices. Furthermore, they believed Christians always existed within the church regardless of the form it took. Nonseparatists hoped to bring about change from within the established church. Separating from the Anglicans would frustrate that goal.
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
One of Jonathan Edwards' most famous sermons, which warned listeners of Hell
Jonathan Edwards
Preacher during the First Great Awakening; "Sinners in the hands of angry god"
Great Awakening
Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.
what knowledge restored in Renaissance? by who?
Roman, islamic
Geneva
Swiss city-state which became a Calvinist theocracy in the 1500s; today a major city in Switzerland.
The Devil and Tom Walker
Irving
The Crucible
(Arthur Miller, 1953). Miller chose the 1692 Salem witch trials as his setting, but the work is really an allegorical protest against the McCarthy anti-Communist "witch-hunts" of the early 1950s. In the story, Elizabeth Proctor fires servant Abigail Williams after she finds out Abigail had an affair with her husband. In response, Abigail accuses Elizabeth of witchcraft. She stands trial and is acquitted, but then another girl accuses her husband, John, and as he refuses to turn in others, he is killed, along with the old comic figure, Giles Corey. Also notable: Judge Hathorne is a direct ancestor of the author Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Heresy
(n.) an opinion different from accepted belief; the denial of an idea that is generally held sacred
Thomas Paine
American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)
Election to Manifest Destiny
Americans destined by God to spread democracy and capitalism throughout all of North America
Middle Ages
Also known as the medieval period, the time between the collapse of the Roman Empire in the fifth century AD and the beginning of the Renaissance in the fourteenth century. poverty, ignorance, superstition
John Calvin
1509-1564. French theologian. Developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism. Attracted Protestant followers with his teachings.
John Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
Martin Luther
95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion.
Monarchy
A government ruled by a king or queen
Puritan Beliefs
A belief that Adam and Eve's sin damned most people for all eternity; that Jesus Christ was sent to save particular people known as the "elect" but since it was difficult to know who the "elect" were they believed that they should live in an exemplary manner. God is involved in everyday life, God's hand. Satan lived in Forest.
The Scarlet Letter
A disturbing New England masterpiece about adultery and guilt in the old Puritan era
Age of Reason
A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
Enlightenment
A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
foreshadowing
A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.
Faust Legend
A story in which a character makes a deal with the devil
The Pit and the Pendulum
A victim of the Spanish inquisition, The climax of "The Pit and the Pendulum" occurs when the walls close in on the narrator, then retract just as a hand reaches out to save him from falling into the pit, Keeps the mind guessing, Horror story.
Social Contract
A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.
Divine Mission
God's task/goal for the Puritans to start a godly society to be called the "city on a hill" (a Biblical phrase)
Betrayed by a kiss
What allusion does Henry use to describe the king?
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Salvation requires
a born again experience
Patrick Henry
a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799)
Reformation in England
a series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church. initiator, King Henry VIII, created Anglican religion
crucible
a severe test or trial, something metal melts in
where romantics believed god was
in nature
Pontius Pilate
literary allusion
john Calvin of election
people feel the same way if they are elected or not
Arminious
people have choice to be elected